STAAR REVIEW 8
CLINTON TO OBAMA
BILL CLINTON, 1993-2001
DOMESTIC POLICY
*Cut Federal Spending, raised taxes on wealthy
*Proposed _____________________________________; failed to pass
*_______________________________________Newt Gingrich proposes smaller government; responsibility to people
*______________________ industry success helps with economic prosperity
*__________________________ (Monica Lewinsky; denial of relationship under oath)
FOREIGN POLICY
*_________________________ Trade agreement between U.S., Canada, Mexico—lowered tariffs
*War in ___________________; U.S. forces sent in as part of ____________; coalition to stop “ethnic cleansing”
*Helped ___________________ join World Trade Organization (WTO); failed to end human rights abuses
THE AMERICAN DREAM—FOLLOWING TOQUEVILLE’S IDEAS OF INCREASED FREEDOM AND OPPORTUNITY IN AMERICA…
____________________________FOUNDER OF MICROSOFT. AMONG FIRST TO RECOGNIZED POTENTIAL OF PERSONAL COMPUTER.
TODAY MICROSOFT’S SOFTWARE IS A PART OF NEARLY EVERY PERSONAL COMPUTER IN THE WORLD
________________________________STARTED HIS OWN FIVE-AND-DIME STOR IN ARKANSAS IN 1962. HE CREATED A CHAIN OF
STORES OFFERING A LARGE VARIETY OF PRODUCTS AT LOW PRICES. WALMART AND SAM’S
CLUB HAVE GROWN TO BECOME THE WORLD’S LARGEST RETAILER.
________________________________A JEWISH NEW YORKER, SHE FOUNDED A COSMETICS COMPANY WITH HER HUSBAND,
PIONEERING THE “GIVEAWAY PROMOTION.” MUCH OF HER EARLY SUCCESS WAS “WORD OF
MOUTH” ADVERTISING, THEN SHE CHANGED TO BEAUTIFUL MODELS.
________________________________FIRST AFRICAN-AMERICAN BILLIONARE FOUNDED BLACK ENTERTAINMENT TELEVISION. THIS
BECAME THE FIRST AFRICAN-AMERICAN MANAGED COMPANY ON THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE.
HE SOLD IT FOR $1.5 BILLION IN 1998 AND IN 2003 BECAME THE OWNER OF THE CHARLOTTE
BOBCATS (NBA)
________________________________IDENTIFIED THE POTIENTION IN THE HISPANIC MARKET AS A TARGET FOR ADVERTISING AND
POLITICS. HE FOUNDED THE LARGEST HISPANIC ADVERTISING AGENCY IN THE HE U.S.. HE
MOTIVATED HISPANICS TO “COMPETE AND WIN.” HE HAS ALSO ADVISED SEVERAL
REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS AS A POLITICAL ADVISOR.
GEORGE W. BUSH, 2001-2009
ELECTION OF 2000 ____________________vote so close, recount required by law. Supreme Court decision in
________________________________________ gives Florida election to Bush making him the winner.
TERRORIST ATTACK ________________________ (WORLD TRADE CENTER; PENTAGON)
* Bush declared _____________________________________________
*Created ___________________________________________________
*Sponsored the USA___________________________________________
WAR IN _____________________: Coalition forces invade ____________ to free __________________
*____________________________________________ removed from power
FINANCIAL CRISIS OF 2008: _______________________________________ crashed, setting off sharp decline
BARACK OBAMA, 2009OBAMA WINS ELECTION: Beat ___________________________________ (Republican)
*First African-American elected President
*Endorsed by _________________________________ (millionaire talk show host/media figure)
*Promised great change
*_______________________________________________________ (passed to stimulate economy)
AFFORDABLE HEALTH CARE ACT (______________________________________)
_____________________________________ First Hispanic (3rd woman) appointed to Supreme Court
CIVIL RIGHTS
_____________________________________ (1896) Allowed “_______________________________________” facilities
_____________________________________ (1954)
*Ended segregation in public schools
*Separate facilities in inherently unequal
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
*_________________________________ Bus Boycott (1955)—Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat
*Integration of ____________________________________________ (1957) troops sent in to protect 9 students
*CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF ____________ (to increase voting participation)
*CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF ____________ (segregation ends in public accomodations)
*SIT INS and _____________________________________________ (1960s)
*____________________________________ OF 1965 (no poll taxes or literacy tests)
*AFFIRMATIVE ACTION (1965)
DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.
*Nonviolent, civil disobedience modeled after ____________________________ and ___________________________
*MONTGOMERY BUS BOYCOTT (1955)
Started with ______________________________ refusal to give up seat ended bus segregation in Montgomery
*”____________ FROM A BIRMINGHAM__________” explained why African Americans could no longer wait for equality
*MARCH ON WASHINGTON (1963). Delivers “_____________________________________” speech and helps lead to
passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
OTHER IMPORTANT PEOPLE/GROUPS TO KNOW
*___________________________________________ NAACP attorney; First African American on Supreme Court
*___________________________________________ Her arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott
*SOUTHERN GOVERNORS WHO RESISTED INTEGRATION:
_________________________ (Alabama); __________________________(Arkansas) ______________________ (Georgia)
*BLACK POWER MOVEMENT:___________________________ AND ______________________________________ (militant)
BATTLE IN THE COURTS
*______________________________________________ (1947) California
No segregation Mexican American children without specific law: extended to Chinese and Japanese
*______________________________________________ (1948) Segregation of Mexican American students illegal in Texas
*______________________________________________(1950) UT could not have a segregated “separate but equal” law school
*______________________________________________ (1954) Race cannot be excluded from juries—14th amendment violation
*______________________________________________ (1984) Texas must revise school funding system to make fair for all
CIVIL RIGHTS EXTENDED…
*CHICANO MOVEMENT (____________________________________________) To correct past discrimination ad racism
-____________________________________________ brings attention and pride
-Leaders:
________________________________ (challenged discrimination; GI Forum)
________________________________(organized Farm Workers using non-violent methods)
________________________________(farm workers, women’s rights, environment—Medal of Freedom winner)
*AMERICAN INDIAN MOVEMENT (_________________)
-“Red Power”; seeks to raise respect for Native Americans
-Occupation of ___________________________/_____________________________________
*WOMEN’S MOVEMENT—Challenged traditional roles of women
-_____________________________________ wrote The Feminine Mystique (not all housewives happy); Helped organize
The National Organization of Women (__________________)
-_____________________________________ promoted gender equality in schools; guaranteed same opportunities
-_____________________________________ Requires companies to pay women same wages as men for same work
1. What Civil Rights leader also became the first African American to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court?
A. W.E.B. DUBOIS
C. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.
B. THURGOOD MARSHALL
D. ROSA PARKS
2. Which view was shared by Governors Orval Faubus, Lester Maddox, and George Wallace in the 1950s and 1960s?
A. “SEPARATE BUT EQUAL” HAS NO PLACE IN EDUCATION
B. THE TIME HAS COME FOR ALL AFRICAN AMERICANS TO ENJOY EQUAL RIGHTS AS AMERICAN CITIZENS
C. PEOPLE SHOULD NOT BE FORCED TO MIX WITH THOSE OF OTHER RACES IN PUBLIC PLACES INCLUDING SCHOOLS
D. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD ACTIVELY INTERVENE IN STATES TO STOP RACIAL DISCRIMINATION
3. The movements led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Ceasar Chavez were similar in that both—
A. SUPPORTED ATTEMPTS TO OVERTHROW THE ESTABLISHED GOVERNMENT
B. USED CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE AND NON-VIOLENCE TO BRING ABOUT SOCIAL CHANGE
C. BOYCOTTED AGRICULTURAL CROPS
D. WERE ELECTED TO NATIONAL OFFICE
4. What was the main objective of the American Indian Movement’s occupation of Alcatraz and Wounded Knee?
A. TO DRAW ATTENTION TO THEIR CONDITIONS
C. TO GAIN CITIZENSHIP FOR NATIVE AMERICANS
B. TO OBTAIN THE RIGHT TO VOTE
D. TO PROTEST THE VIETNAM WAR
5. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 led the federal government to pass the—
A. ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT
C. USA PATRIOT ACT
B. COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT
D. NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT
6. Which woman became the first Hispanic Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court?
A. SONIA SOTOMAYOR
C. SANDRA DAY O’CONNOR
B. DELORES HUERTA
D. ESTEE LAUDER