CHAPTER 28 SECTION 2-FROM LENIN TO STALIN -CIVIL WAR OVER AND POWER SECURE Lenin’s chief goal- _________________________________________ 1922 CONSTITUTION Supreme Soviet *elected legislature*all 18yr old citizens given right to vote *all political power and means of production controlled byworkers & peasants -in reality the Communist party was in control *use of army and secret police-WHY? To enforce its will -most of old Russian empire under the rule of the U.S.S.R. *still multinational *many republics or Soviet Union *strongest and largest republic- Russia ECONOMY -new plan to put economy back on its feet called the NEP-New Economic Policy *allowed a little CAPITALISM *but only temporary-WHY? 1924 LENIN DIES fight for power between TROTSKY & STALIN What happens to Trotsky? Murdered by Stalin’s men Stalin’s goal is to make the Soviet Union into a modern industrial power What is his idea to achieve this goal? 5 Year Plans *included 1. Building heavy industry 2. Improved transportation-RR 3. Increased farm output -to achieve economic growth the government controlled all economic activity develop a command economy- Government officials make all economic decisions INDUSTRY -set high production goals-HOW WOULD THEY BE MET? -mixed results -Standard of living remained poor -didn’t produce enough consumer goods -low wages -inefficient planning shortages of certain goods and a surplus of others AGRICULTURE -under government control gave peasants 2 options 1. state-owned farms 2. collectives-large farms owned and operated by a group peasants resisted collectivization-HOW? Kulaks-wealthy peasants-angry at collectivization Killed farm animals---destroyed tools---burned crops government responded With brutal force effects of collectivization *angry peasants grew only enough food to feed themselves government responded by seizing all the food leaving the peasants to starve *it increased Stalin’s control *it did not improve farm output THE GREAT PURGE -began in 1934- WHY? Stalin feared that party members were plotting against him What happened? -destroyed older generation of revolutionaries replaced with Young party members who owed their loyalty to Stalin -increased Stalin’s power and showed the danger of disloyalty FOREIGN POLICY-contradictory and unsuccessful -organized Communist International or Comintern aid revolutionary groups around the world What did it encourage? Colonies to revolt against the imperialist nations -wanted to join League of Nations improve relations with western nations for trade and diplomacy Why were western nations suspicious of the Soviet Union?