TOPIC: Cells
AIM: Describe the different cell organelles and
their functions.
Do Now: Take out your cell organelle reading
notes AND your numbers.
HW: Atom project due Monday!
A process in which glucose is
broken down to release energy is
called
(1)diffusion
(2) respiration
(3) photosynthesis
(4) osmosis
An organism that cannot produce
its own food.
(1)autotroph
(2) plant
(3) cell
(4) heterotroph
The absorption and circulation of
materials within an organism is
called
(1)respiration
(2) nutrition
(3) excretion
(4) transport
The removal of metabolic wastes
is known as
(1)respiration
(2) regulation
(3) excretion
(4) homeostasis
The control and coordination of all
life processes is called
(1) excretion
(2) regulation
(3) nutrition
(4) growth
The maintenance of a stable
internal environment is known as
(1)respiration
(2) homeostasis
(3) excretion
(4) transport
The production of new individuals
is called
(1) reproduction
(2) nutrition
(3) excretion
(4) regulation
The sum total of all life activities
within an organism makes up an
organism’s
(1)respiration
(2) metabolism
(3) excretion
(4) homeostasis
An organism made up of only
one cell is called
(1)multicellular
(2) prokaryotic
(3) unicellular
(4) eukaryotic
Identify what is needed for growth
to occur.
(1) water
(2) metabolic wastes
(3) energy
(4) electrolytes
The process in which simple
substances are combined to
make more complex substances
is called
(1)synthesis
(2) metabolism
(3) respiration
(4) homeostasis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2c
cTPA
1. Identify the small structures that carry out
specific functions within the cell.
• ORGANELLES
Cell Membrane
“SECURITY GUARD”
2. Describe the phrase selectively permeable.
• It controls what substances come into
and out of the cell.
Substances that enter cell:
- Gases such as CO2 and O2
- H2O
- Sugars
- Amino acids
- Glycerol
- Fatty acids
Substances that exit cells:
- Urea
- Uric acid
- Gases such as CO2
- Mucus
- Hormones
• Outside boundary
that separates the
cell from its
environment.
• Selectively
permeable
• FOUND IN BLOTH
PLANT AND
ANIMAL CELLS
Cell wall
• RIGID layer of nonliving material
that surrounds the cells of plants
and some other organism.
• Protects and supports a cell (strong
and sturdy)
• Made up of cellulose
• ONLY IN PLANT CELLS
CELL WALL
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
3. Is the cytoplasm considered a cell
organelle? Support your answer.
• Cytoplasm is not a
structure.
• It holds the cell
organelles.
Cytoplasm is the
gelatin-like
material that is
found inside the
cell membrane.
• Region between the cell
membrane and the
nucleus
• Made up mostly of
water
• Where cell organelles
are found
• Where some chemical
reactions occur
• IN PLANT AND
ANIMAL CELLS
Cyclosis: movement of cytoplasm
around the cell
Identify the cell organelle being described.
1. Controls what enters and leaves the cell.
cell membrane
1. Only found in plant cells. cell wall
2. Liquid material inside the cell. cytoplasm
3. Is rigid to protect and support the cell.
cell wall
1.
2.
3.
4.
Selectively permeable. cell membrane
Where some chemical reactions occur.
cytoplasm
Non-living part of the cell. cell wall
Is not a cell organelle. cytoplasm
Nucleus
MEMBRANE-BOUND???
“BRAIN” of the cell
4. Identify the genetic material found inside
the nucleus.
• DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
5. Describe the function of DNA.
• It controls everything about an organism.
• Found in chromosomes
• Cell’s control center, directing
cell activities
• Contains DNA
• IN PLANT AND ANIMAL
CELLS
• Nucleolus: inside the nucleus
- produce ribosomes
Nuclear envelope
• Surrounds the nucleus
• Pores  substances to move in
and out of nucleus
Nucleus of a Mouse Spleen Cell
Onion Cells
Cheek Cell
Mitochondria
“POWERHOUSE” of the cell
Mighty Mitochondria
MEMBRANE-BOUND???
• Produces ENERGY
• IN PLANT AND
ANIMAL CELLS
ATP
Ribosomes
• Produce proteins
(enzymes,
hormones,
antibodies,
hemoglobin)
• IN PLANT AND
ANIMAL CELLS
• In cytoplasm
- Attached to ER
Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)
“HIGHWAY OF THE
CELL”
• Passageways that carry
substances throughout cell
• IN PLANT AND
ANIMAL CELLS
• 2 types:
Rough ER
Smooth ER
• Rough ER: ribosomes on surface
• Smooth ER: no ribosomes
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi Bodies
“UPS / POST OFFICE”
• Stacks of flattened
membranes
• Receive proteins from the ER,
package them, and distribute them to
other parts of the cell
Vacuoles
• STORAGE areas of the cell
• Stores materials (food, water,
wastes, etc…)
• Animal = many small
• Plant = few large
Lysosome
• Contain
digestive
enzymes to
–BREAK DOWN
food, cell
wastes, and
worn our cell
parts
Chloroplasts
• Capture energy from
sunlight and convert it
into glucose (food) for
the cell
(PHOTOSYNTHESIS)
• Contain chlorophyll
(green)
• FOUND IN PLANT
CELLS
Centrioles
• Help in CELL DIVISION
• FOUND IN ANIMAL CELLS
Review: Identify the cell organelle described.
1. Controls all cell activities nucleus
2. Produces energy mitochondria
3. Stores materials vacuoles
4. Controls what enters and leaves cells cell membrane
5. Produces proteins ribosomes
cell wall
6. Rigid outer structure that protects and supports the cell
7. Transports substances throughout the cell ER
8. Where photosynthesis occurs chloroplast
9. Holds all cell organelles cytoplasm
10. Surrounds the nucleus nuclear envelope
11. Helps in cell division in animal cells centrioles
12. Produces ribosomes nucleolus
13. Where DNA is found nucleus
14. ER that is not covered with ribosomes Smooth ER
Cell membrane
Cell wall
cytoplasm
vacuole
nucleus
chloroplast
centrioles
mitochondria
ER
Let’s Label!!!
L. mitochondria
M. Centrioles
K. Golgi Bodies
J. Nucleolus
I. Nuclear Mem.
H. chromosomes
G. nucleus
A. Cell membrane
B. Ribosome
F. lysosome
E. ER
C. cytoplasm
D. vacuole
3
7
4
8
2
5
6
1
8
7
A. Cell Wall
B. Cell Membrane
H. Ribosome
I. Chloroplast
C. Nucleus
D. Nuclear Mem
J. Cytoplasm
E. Chromosomes
K. Golgi Bodies
F. Nucleolus
L. Mitochondria
G. ER
M. Vacuole
E
In which organelle would water
and dissolved minerals be
stored?
(1.) vacuole
(2.) lysosome
(3.) nucleus
(4.) ribosome
The rigidity (support) of a plant
cell is due primarily to the
presence of the
(1.) DNA
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) cell wall
(4.) lysosomes
The structure most closely
associated with the destruction
of worn out cell organelles is the
(1.) lysosome
(2.) vacuole
(3.) golgi apparatus
(4.) chromosome
Which structure is found ONLY in
animal cells?
(1.) cell wall
(2.) vacuoles
(3.) centrioles
(4.) ribosomes
The organelle most closely
associated with the manufacture
of proteins within the cell is the
(1.) ribosome
(2.) lysosome
(3.) nucleolus
(4.) cell membrane
7. Which structure chiefly functions
in intracellular transport?
(1.) vacuole
(2.) mitochondrion
(3.) golgi apparatus
(4.) endoplasmic reticulum
8. The cell wall is
(1.) selectively permeable
(2.) rigid
(3.) living
(4.) a hardened cell membrane
9. Cyanide, a metabolic poison,
interferes with the production
of energy. Which cell organelle
does cyanide most directly
influence first in this situation?
(1.) nucleus
(2.) lysosome
(3.) mitochondria (4.) ribosomes
The rigidity (support) of a plant
cell is due primarily to the
presence of the
(1.) DNA
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) cell wall
(4.) lysosomes
The structure most closely
associated with the destruction
of worn out cell organelles is the
(1.) lysosome
(2.) vacuole
(3.) golgi apparatus
(4.) chromosome
Which structure is found ONLY in
animal cells?
(1.) cell wall
(2.) vacuoles
(3.) centrioles
(4.) ribosomes
The organelle most closely
associated with the manufacture
of proteins within the cell is the
(1.) ribosome
(2.) lysosome
(3.) nucleolus
(4.) cell membrane
10. The structure that is known
as the control center of the cell
is the
(1.) vacuole
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) lysosome (4.) nucleus