personality
What Is Personality?
 Organized movement on the human system (self + body)
that define its own ability to interact with environment.
Self-concept: The image that the individual see himself. It is
composed of two levels:(I and self).
self-esteem: the degree to which people like or dislike
themselves.
- Physical Appearance of the individual behavior
affect others
- Values and attitudes
enables (help) a person to
understand himself.
- Interaction with the environment
determines the
view of people.
Determinants of personality:
 Heredity
 Environment
 Attitude
Determinants of personality:
 Heredity: Is a personal traits (characteristics) passed
for an individual's from the parents. These
characteristics are fixed but the environment can
affect and modify them.
 Environment: Develop the personality, but in the
limits of their heredity.
 Attitudes: Can change personality. Certain conditions
may result in a change in the individual's personality
to adapt with her.
Personality characteristics:
 Qualities that could predict (forecast) the behavior of
the individual when faced with a situation
 Protective behavior and styles:
the natural reaction is to protect oneself when attacked
so feel mentally stable.
protective behavior styles are: Justification, Repression,
Compensation, Lying.
Personality , job satisfaction and
performance:
 You can define the characteristics of personality that
contribute to the performance of employee.
 It benefits the organization in the (expected behavior
of individuals + understanding + reduce the costs
resulting from unwanted behavior +forecast the
reactions of employee).
 Example: absenteeism can be explained by studying
the personal qualities (stress)
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attitudes and values
 Attitudes
Definition:
 Attitudes are generally positive or negative views of a
person, place, thing, or event.
 understanding the attitudes of the individual
facilitates the following:
1 - identifying the causes which push him to a
particular behavior(imposition of leader, subordinate,
external environment).
2 - forecast her behavior if you know his attitudes.
attitudes and values
 Factors affecting the attitudes:
Environmental factors: the cultural environment that
interacts with
the individual (family + school + media+ Customs and
traditions).
specific factors: (experience +Instruction + culture +
perception + ability to analyze + the marge of its
independence).
attitudes and values
 Factors affecting the attitudes:
 Factors related to situation:
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a positive attitude: the person take positive attitude
about all people that help him to satisfy their wishes
(goals).
A negative attitude: person's Take a negative attitude
of all people and things that inhibit the achievement
of its objectives (aggressive + try again or withdrawal).
Attitudes
Change in attitudes:
 The development of culture, and the level of
education.
 New experiences.
 the objectives of organization system are different to
the personal objectives.
 Joining groups that have different goals.
 Media + publicity.
 Change the circumstances and the desires to satisfy
the wants.
Values
 Definition:
 Value is a concept that describes the beliefs of an
individual or culture.
 Types of values include ethical values, doctrinal values
(political, religious), social values
Values
 The importance of values :
 Personal values affect the way that manager see(look)
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individuals and groups so the values of individuals are
affected by personal relationships,.
The values of manager affect the decision to resolve its
problems.
Values determine work ethic and the behavior patterns.
values direct person to deal with others.
Knowing the values of individuals helps organization to
forecast their behavior