Anatomy & Physiology 34B
Lab Exercise 41A – Urinalysis
I. Lab Objectives
A. Discover the physical characteristics of urine, and indicate normal pH and specific gravity
ranges.
B. Name the normal and abnormal urinary constituents, and describe what physical conditions
the abnormal substances indicate.
C. Conduct urinary tests and procedures, and use them to determine substances in a urine
specimen.
D. Define urinary conditions described in the lab manual.
II. Read the lab manual introductory information to discover what urine constituents are present
under normal conditions and in abnormal conditions, then work in groups of 4 to perform the
tests in Activity 1.
A. Examine the urine samples visually and record your observations on the chart provided.
B. Place about 5 ml of each urine sample into individual test tubes, then obtain a Chemstrip for
each test tube from your instructor. Immerse the Chemstrip in the urine sample for one
minute, then compare the strip results to the Chemstrip container key and record your results
on the chart.
C. Urinometers have been placed in each of the urine samples on the back counter. Read each
of them to determine the specific gravity of each sample, and record your data on the chart.
The specific gravity of deionized water is 1.000 g/ml. A reading greater than this indicates
the presence of solutes in the urine.
D. Determine the inorganic urine constituents by performing the chemical tests indicated for the
presence of sulfates, phosphates, chlorides, and nitrites.
E. Determination of the organic constituents in urine will be done with the Chemstrips, as
indicated in part B above.
F. Observe premade slides of urine sediments (if available) under a microscope and identify the
sediments illustrated in the lab manual exercise.
G. We will compare and analyze all our results together at the end of the lab.
Homework – answer the Lab 41 Review Sheet questions at the end of the lab exercise.