Panuveitis
Mamta Agarwal
Senior Consultant
Uveitis & Cornea Services
Sankara Nethralaya
Chennai
Ocular History
22 year old woman
OS – Decreased vision, pain, redness since 2 weeks
Associated with headache & vomiting.
No history of trauma, surgery, previous such episodes.
No systemic illness
Past history
Diagnosed as
CRAO with BRVO
Posterior scleritis
Lab investigations
Routine blood
Mantoux test
RA, ANA
HIV
Sickle cell Test
Normal
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Past Treatment
Oral & topical steroids
Clinical Presentation
BCVA
OD 6/6
OS – HMCF
SLE
Live worm in the corneal
stroma
AC cells 2+, flare +,
vitreous cells+
Fundus
Blot retinal hemorrhages, sub retinal heme, worm tracts, old vitreous hemorrhage
Treatment
Intraocular worm removal under local anesthesia
Microscopic examination
Reddish brown body with transparent
round globular head
Cephalic bulb showing four rows of
hooklets & cuticular spines on the body
Gnathostoma spinigerum
Follow up – Day 1
Corneal stromal scar
AC cells+, flare+, Iris holes
IOP – 44mmHg
Follow up – Day 1 - Treatment
Oral
Acetazolamide 250mg
Topical
Prednisolone acetate - 10/d
Homatropine – 2/d
Combigan – 2/d
Dorzolamide – 3/d
Final Diagnosis
Panuveitis induced by intraocular
Gnathostomiasis
Conclusion
Intraocular Gnathostomiasis (Ocular larva migrans)
Caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum
Definitive host – Cats, dogs, wild animals
Intermediate host – Fish, chicken, snails, frogs
Man is the accidental host.
Portal of entry into the eye – Posterior retina
Usually associated with retinal, choroidal or disc hemorrhage,
artery or vein occlusion, macular scarring.
Conclusion
Ocular manifestations
Lid edema, conjunctival chemosis, hyphema, anterior uveitis
Panuveitis, retinal hemorrhages, vasculitis, retinal artery & vein
occlusion
Systemic involvement
Lungs, CNS, GIT, skin, ear, genitourinary tract.
Treatment
Oral Albendazole 400mg/day x 3 weeks