AP United States History - Terms and People – Unit 1, Chapter 3 (12th Ed.)
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and become a responsible citizen. Therefore, on my honor, I pledge that I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance on this work.
Settling the Northern Colonies: 1619 - 1700
Before studying Chapter 3, read over these “Themes”:
Theme: Religious and political turmoil in England shaped settlement in New England and the middle colonies. Religious
persecution in England pushed the Separatists into Plymouth and Quakers into Pennsylvania. England's Glorious
Revolution also prompted changes in the colonies.
Theme: The Protestant Reformation, in its English Calvinist (Reformed) version, provided the major impetus and
leadership for the settlement of New England. The New England colonies developed a fairly homogeneous social order
based on religion and semicommunal family and town settlements.
Theme: Principles of American government developed in New England with the beginnings of written constitutions
(Mayflower Compact and Massachusetts's royal charter) and with glimpses of self-rule seen in town hall meetings, the
New England Confederation, and colonial opposition to the Dominion of New England.
Theme: The middle colonies of New Netherland (New York), Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware developed with far
greater political, ethnic, religious, and social diversity, and they represented a more cosmopolitan middle ground between
the tightly knit New England towns and the scattered, hierarchical plantation South.
After studying Chapter 3 in your textbook, you should be able to:
1. Describe the Puritans and their beliefs and explain why they left England for the New World.
2. Explain the basic government and religious practices of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
3. Explain how conflict with religious dissenters, among other forces, led to the expansion of New England.
4. Describe the changing relations between the English colonists and Native Americans.
5. Explain why New York, Pennsylvania, and other middle colonies became so ethnically, religiously, and
politically diverse.
6. Describe the central features of the middle colonies and explain how they differed from New England.
Know the following people and terms. Consider the historical significance of each term or person.
Also note the dates of the event if that is pertinent.
A. People
John Calvin
Anne Hutchinson
Roger Williams
Henry Hudson
William Bradford
Peter Stuyvesant
William Laud
Thomas Hooker
William Penn
John Winthrop
King Philip
John Cotton
Sir Edmund Andros
B. Terms:
the “elect”
blue laws
autocratic
franchise
patroonship
predestination
freemen
AP United States History - Terms and People – Unit 1, Chapter 3 (12th Ed.)
HONOR PLEDGE: I strive to uphold the vision of the North Penn School District, which is to inspire each student to reach his or her highest potential
and become a responsible citizen. Therefore, on my honor, I pledge that I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance on this work.
“visible saints”
conversion
doctrine of a calling
covenant
Antinomianism (an - ti - noh' - mee - uhn – izm)
Protestant Reformation
Puritans
Pilgrims
New England Confederation
Calvinism
Massachusetts Bay Company
Dominion of New England
Institute of the Christian Religion
Navigation Laws
mercantilism
great Puritan Migration
Holy Experiment
Glorious Revolution
General Court
Dutch West India Company
Separatists
Bible Commonwealth
Quakers
Mayflower
Protestant ethic
Mayflower Compact
Fundamental Orders
C. Sample Essay: Using what you have previously learned and what you learned by reading Chapter 3,
you should be able to answer essays such as these:
1. Compare and contrast the colonial settlement of Virginia and Massachusetts Bay.
2. To what degree was the government of Massachusetts Bay simultaneously theocratic, democratic,
oligarchic, and authoritarian?
3. Interpret and explain John Winthrop’s comment that Massachusetts Bay was to be “as a City upon a
Hill” and “a beacon to mankind.”
D. Voices from the past:
We whose names are under-written . . . doe by these presents solemnly and mutually in the presence of God, and one of
another, covenant and combine our selves together into a civil body politick, for our better ordering and preservation and
furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hearof to enacte, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws,
ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meete for the generall good of the
Colonie, unto which we promise all due submission and obedience . . . .
Mayflower Compact, December 1620
We must be knit together in this work as one man. We must entertain each other in brotherly affection. We must be
willing to abridge our selves of our superfluities. . . . We must delight in each other . . . rejoice together, mourn together,
labor, and suffer together, always having before our eyes our commission and community . . . . For we must consider that
we shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all people are upon us . . . .
John Winthrop, from his sermon “A Modell of Christian Charity”, 1630