The greenhouse effect is the reason that life is able to exist on Earth.
Scientists believe that 70% of the greenhouse effect is caused by the
presence of water vapour. How do other forms of water play a role?
Hydrosphere: _______________________________________________






 More ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5.3% Air, Land , Ice
80%
14.7 %
Carbon Sink: _________________________________________________.
 This removes the __________________________________________
 The removal of ___________________________________________
 When there is less _________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Ocean Currents
 Surface water moves because of ______________________________
 Deep ocean water moves because of the ________________________
__________________________________
o __________________________
o __________________________
____________________________
 __________________________________
__________________________________
 ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Look at the map
Question: Why is the average climate in Ottawa 12C colder then the
average climate in Newfoundland? (Notice: Ottawa is
farther South)
El Nino: a shift in the ocean current, temperatures (water becomes warmer),
and the atmospheric conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean.
 The surface water temperature and water level becomes higher
 The water pushes eastward reversing the equatorial current flow and
weakens Trade winds.
 The warm water causes thunderstorms and rainfall to move east across
the Pacific Ocean reaching the coast of South America
Continental Shift
 ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________________.
 ________________________________________________________
Homework
1. What can absorb a lot of heat before its temperature rises. Explain
how this moderates air temperature.
2. What is a carbon sink and how does it moderate air temperature?
3. How has movement of continents affected the climate?