Name ___________________________________
Pd______
Chapter 8 Section 1: History of Latin America
Early Civilizations (pages 209-210)
Civilization
Location
Olmecs
Mexico
(Yucatan
Peninsula)
Peru
Years
Significance
-Each Olmec city focused on _____________________
1500 B.C.
________________. They all depended on one another.
to 300
Example: One grew ____________ while one mined for
B.C.
resources to make __________________________.
-Built huge pyramid shaped temples
-Skilled in ____________________________
A.D. 300
-Developed a __________________________ and number
to A.D.
system
900
- Used a ________________________________ writing
system
A.D. 900 - Warriors
- Created strong weapons from obsidian
- A.D.
1200
- Captured the Toltec’s capital and took control of their
A.D.
territory.
1200- Built structures on islands in lakes and floating gardens.
A.D.
- Population of _______________________________
1520
-Built roads and bridges
-Empire stretched along the _______________________
A.D.
-Created military posts and a record keeping system
1400- Built ________________________________________
A.D.
______________________________________________
1525
Colonization (pages 210-211)
In the late 1400s and 1500s explorers from __________________________ arrived and began conquering the
Latin American Civilizations.
Explorer
Conquered
The Aztecs
The Incas
Details of Conquest
-Spanish had the help of some Native Americans.
-Spanish had stronger weapons: _________
___________________________________
-Spanish spread diseases such as ______
____________________________________
_______________________to the Aztecs.
-Spanish had stronger weapons: __________
____________________________________
- Inca ruler was _______________________
____________________________________
- Incas were weakened because of
_______________________________.
Colonization (cont.)
Results of the colonization of Latin America:
-
Spain gained enormous __________________________________over these territories.
-
_______________________, _______________________, ___________________, and
_______________________________ took control over other regions of Latin America.
-
Set up ________________________ _____________________________
-
Spread ___________________________________
-
Grew _______________ ________________ (farm products grown for export)
-
Many Native Americans died because of ____________________________
-
Enslaved Africans were brought to the region to work
Independence (pages 212-213)
What events caused the people of Latin America to begin fighting for independence? ____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Country/Countries
Leader(s) of the Rebellion
Francois-Dominique
Toussaint-Louverture
Miguel Hidalgo and Jose
Morelos
Simon Bolivar
Jose de San Martin
Bolivar and San Martin
Outcome of the Rebellion
-Enslaved Africans rebelled against the
________________________- 1st nation to ever be created as a result of a
____________________________
-Fought against Spain but __________
_______________________________
- Eventually they were able to gain
independence with other countries of
_______________________________
-Military leader found against
______________ in _________
-Surprised the Spanish by crossing the
________________________________
- Leaders of rebellions joined together to
fight the Spain to gain independence for
_______________________
-By ________________ all of Spain’s Latin Americans colonies had gained their independence.
-After winning independence most Latin American countries passed laws to ________________
-After independence Latin American nations fought over _________________________,
_______________________________________ and ___________________________________
- Although many had hoped for democracy, caudillos took control.
Caudillos: ___________________________________________________________________________