Calcium acetate
Sodium benzoate
CH2—CH2—C—OK
Br
Br
Pottasuim2,3-Dibromo propanoate
O
Physical Properties
Carboxylic acid molecule is polar and can form hydrogen bonds
with each other and with other kinds of molecules.
The aliphatic acid with 4 or lees Catoms are miscible with water
A 5 C party soluble and the higher are Insoluble.
Carboxylic acids are soluble In non polar or lees polar solvents
like Ether Alcohol , Benzene.
These very high Boiling points are due to the fact that the pair
of carboxylic acid molecules are held together by two hydrogen
bonds
O:\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\H—O
R—C
C—R
O—H \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\:O
The odors of lower aliphatic acid sharp and higher acid have
little odor because of their low volatility.
SALTS OF CARB. ACIDS
RCOOH + NaOH
In soluble in water
R—C—ONa + H2O
O
soluble in water
The interconversion of acid and their salts may be used in two
important ways:
(1)Identificatio
(2) September
We can separate the acid from non-acid compounds by taking
advantage of its solubility and their insolubility in aqueous
base.
Preparation of CARB. Acid
1) Oxidation of primary alcohols
H+
RCOOH Insol in water
KMnO4 + R—CH2—CH
R—C—OK + MnO2 + KOH
Purple
solublein water
acid or base ‫ واحيانا نستخدم‬K2Cr2O7 ‫ و‬KMnO4
CH3
CH3 O
CH3—CH—CH2OH KMnO4
CH3—CH—C—OH
Butyric acid
2)Oxidation of alkyl benzene
O
Ar—R
KMnO4
K2Cr2O
7
‫والعوامل المؤكسدة‬
Ar—C—OH
NO2
P—N.bezoic acid
O2N
CH3
K2Cr2o7
H2SO4 heat
COOH
The side chain is oxidized down to the ring only a carboxyl
group remaining to indicate the position of the original side
chain.