JGON STATE LISkAWt
BIENNIAL REPORT
OF THE
C
LOCATED AT
ELEVENTH REGULAR SESSION-1880.
SALEM, OREGON:
W. P. KEADY,
PRINTER.
BIENNIAL REPORT
OF THE
*hlfr
rktdhud
LOCATED AT
CORVALLIS, OREGON.
ELEVENTH REGULAR SESSION-1880.
SALEM, OREGON:
W. P. KADY, STATE PRINTB.
x880.
CALENDAR FOR 1880-1881.
Sapteiiiber 1,
1 880, ------------- sson begins.
December 1, ISsO, --------- econd Term begins.
March 1, ISSI,
---------- Third Teiin begins.
June 1, 1881, ----------- Comnmncernent Day.
BIENNIAL REPORT.
To His Excellency, Gov. Thayer, Salem, Oregoi:
SiR :J have tue honor to submit the fourth annual report of the
Agricultural College.
The last Legislature made an iulportant change in the condition of
tins institution. Previously the c liege had been su pported chiefly by
aiì an it uni iip tropriatiolt of live titousa nil dollars ; this was cut oil by
the last legisiat tile, and tie ci ill ege was tit row it u pn the interest of
the Agricu it iirai College Laud Fund fur its support. Tue uncertain
condition of this fund as to atnoittit and availability, redered it doubtful whether tic iii stituti in could I te snstai tied or
but by rescinding every expenditure hey nd such as were absolutely necessary to
keep tue school alive, we have suucicedid iii keeping clear of debt and
are pleased to say that out July interest, has paid all outstanding warrants and left a handsouuie surpl is itt the tueasurv ; and as matters now
stand. it the legilature won Id give us some twelve h undred dollars a
Ut it ;
year we could add it to this sutrpl us and employ au additi)utal professor,
arid this would gm'eativ increase the efficiency of the school. I desire
sonic change iii the mait tier of appailttimtg students to the college. It
is best to peliutit the faculty to appoint a certain it umber from each
county and not trouble the senators with the matter.
The school has been well attended during the last two years, and it
is gratifying to say that there have been no cases of discipline.
I give here the course of study adopted by the legislature in 1872.
PREPARATORY CLASSES.
HathematicsArithmetic and Algebra.
English Reading, Spelling, Geography, English Grammar, Penmanslup, Composition, Elocution, History of the United States.
ITatural Science.Natural history, Philosophy, Physiology.
Lang uages.Lati ii G ram in ar, Latin Reader, Greek Reader, Greek
Grammar, French Grammitar and Reader, German.
2filita.ry Exercses.Tacties, Drill.
Agriculture.Practical Instruction on the Farm.
Report
4
of
State Agricultural College.
FRESHMAN CLASS.
NathematicsAlgebra, Geometry.
glishRlietoric, Composition, [[istory, Book-keeping.
Natural SienceImmorgm rio and Organ ic Chemistry, Qualitative An-
alvsis, Structure and Physiology of Pla rits, Water, Atirosphere and
Soil in their relation to vegetable production, Meteorology, Zoology,
Botany, Physical Geography.
LanguaqesAnciem it Ge graphv, Roman Antiquities. Virgil, Cicero,
Greek Antiquities, Greek 'Festar nen t, Florirer, French, German.
Agriculture Theory arid Practice of Agriculture, Principles of
Tillage, Drai image, Landscape Gardening.
iIlilitaryTacties. Drill.
ExcursionsBotanical arid Zoological.
SOPHOMORE CLASS.
Jfat/tematics. Trigonometry, (plane and spherical) Navigation,
Mensuration, Surveying. Drawing, Maps of Farms, etc.
English.Rhetoric, Logic, Composition, Elocution, Book-keeping,
Universal II istory.
ITatural ScienceAnalysis of Minerals, Ores, Soils, Manures, Ashes
of Plants, Mineral Waters, etc., etc., Practice in Mineralogy, Entoinolugy, Geology, Botany.
LanguagesRoman and Greek Antiquities, Sallust, braces' Odes
Epodes, Greek Testament. ilonier, Fieiich, German.
Agriculture.Theoiy and Practice of Agriculture, Horticulture,
Farm lmpleriients and Drain age, Stock-breeding.
Excurions.Geological and Botanical.
JUNIOR CLASS.
Moral PhilosophyEvidence of Natural and Revealed Religion,
Moral Philosophy, (ethics), Political Economy.
.3rathematics.Analtical Geometry, Differential and Integral Cal.
cul
us, Practical Surveying and Engineering.
English.Mental Philosophy, English Literature.
Natural Science.Q ualitati ye and Quarititati ye Analysis, Mineralogy, Chemistry, (general), Geology, Organic Analysis.
Languages.Livy, Horace's Satires, Epistles, etc., Odysey, De
Corona, Latin and Greek Composition, French, German.
Agriculture.Theory and Practice of Agriculture, Training and
Culture of Fruit Trees, the Vine, Small Fruits, Culture of Flowers.
Military.Tactics and Drill.
Report çif
State Agricultural Oollege.
SENIOR CLASS.
3Irai P/iilosopq.E v idence of Xatural and Revealed Re] igion
cont in ned.
..IlIat/te))?at,c9.T\Iee]lniltcs. .Astroiiomv, Civil Engineering.
iatural Sc?ue--Cliein 1st rv, coin pleted, Quatit itati ye Analysis.
Languages.J u venal, Cicero, Tuci tus, Aleestis, (Eu ii pides), Thucydides, Deinostlieiies.
Ag/(tlture.Iheorv and Practice of Az'riculture, Laying out of
lawns, OriainentiTig Grounds, etc.
JLilitarq.Taetics, Drill.
}roni this I 1St of st iidies we Selecte(I and classified such as our teaching force would suggest a most ha portant. We distributed them into
schools as follows :
I. School of Mathematics.
II. School of Language (ancient).
III. School of Language (modern).
1V. School of Chemistry.
V. School of Natu ia! Phi losnpliv.
-
Vi. Scho d of M ma! Ili i 1054 4jdv.
VII. School of A2riculture.
VIII. Selmi 4)1 if II story aim I Literature.
Time Special lepi it of each teacher will show how this work is
divided among the teachers.
I.SCHOOL OF ChEMISTRY.
B. L. ARNOLD, TEACHER.
This school has three classes
a. General Chemistry.
b.
c.
An alvt ical Cl eni istrv.
Agricultural Chemistry.
a. GENERAL CHEMISTRY,
IJere the student studies
I. The General Principles of Chemical Physics.
2. history, Properties and Classification of the Elements and their
Compounds.
3. The Carbon Compounds.
.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY.
Here the student learns to separate and classify the common metals
Report
6
of
State Agriculturl College.
according to the method of Elliot & Storer,
lie then studies the salts
by the same method, and lastly, learns to treat the 're refractory
oxides, and applies his km wlede to aricn I tti ral analysis and the
identification of ores, &c. Cliein ic'al Phi lo;aphy is all along taught
and the solution of cheiiiical it'olilenis frtiis a prominent feature of
I
the course.
c.
AGRICCLTURAL CHEMISTEY.
Here the student studies the f Ilowi ng subjects
1.
The origin of the various soils, their physical and chemical
characters.
2. Methods of prepat'ation for crops.
3. The means of preventing the detei'ioration of soils.
4. The means used to restore worn Soils.
5. The sources, management and action of manures.
6. Meteorology in its reLitiomi to crops.
7. The application of crops to feeding.
8. General farm economy.
II.--SCHOOL OF
ATITRAL PhILOSOPHY.
B. L. ARNOLD, TEACHER.
Here the student applies himself to the subject of matter as effected
by three.
The subject includes, Kinematics, Kinetics, Energy, L1ndnlations,
Motion and Equi Ii bri urn. and t lie application of' he prilicil des here de-
veloped to Light, heat, Electricity, and Suniid. These subjects are
taught in the light of' the principle of Conservation of Energy.
111.SCHOOL OF MORAL SCIENCE.
B. L ARNOLD, TEACIIER.
This school includes
1. Logic.
2. Psychology.
3. Mental Philosophy.
4.
The Application of' the principles of these sciences to Ethics,
Rhetoric, Political Economy and Sociology.
Report of Slate Agreuiturai Golfege
Al I aloi ig tir rough tire coir rse I lie sn h1ects are so arranged, that each
hrglrer study reqnncs a review at lower prirrerliles.
I find that it is tieocssary to have stiulents study Algebra and Geornetrv bet rt they enter irpin any of tire subjects in nrv departrrrents.
It is lrirhr iv grat ti ng to ire to state that tire st ulents have greatly
aided tire in 1 isei ph ire by tirci r gent leirran lv depor tin rent.
EXPERIMENTS.
So limited have l)CeIr our means and SO uncertain the amount of
money winch we should receive, that it has been impossible to do any
thing bevon.I giving analysis of expel' nrerrts. Accordingly, I have affurded tire classes iii airieu It ii re tine o portn iii ties to study th' experinienrts of Lawes and Gil bert, and ma try others.
Ex1rerinientinrg to be ot any benefit and value must extend over several year's ; and s!ronld there lie a regn I ;rr supply of' funds in sufficient
amount, we propose to enter upon experiments to test tire vaine of
tal lowi rig land, of rotat in of crops, to ascertain what grasses and
elovers are best suited to Oregon, a rid other kindred subjects. I call
attention to Satire investigations of Pn'ot Hawthorne in relation to Lucernre ; should Iris observations be correct, tire State will derive unniense benefit frcitn Ins labor's in tins field.
The sri bjcct (it fertilizers is air mu Portatr t matter and one that should
early occupy tire attention (if our f-nr'iriers. So fur as I have traveled
rtlonrg tire sea - iast, I Irave in ride iihiser'viitii iIms to ascertain tire extent
ot nra ri ill tire State, itt least oil tine sea coast of tire State, arid I find
tirat tirere is irrari of' excellent qual itv and in Sonic (1liitntity winch will
be of great value, as soon as tinere shall be railroad couniriunication with
tire coast.
TFIE MEChANICAL DEPARTMENT.
We are making arrangemeirts to open this department at an early
We fully
day, and have a yoirrrg maim preparing to take cinarge of it.
recognize its importance. Very respectfully,
B. L. ARNOLD.
8
Report of State Agricultural College.
SC[IOOL OF MATIlE1ATICS.
JOSEPH EMERY, TEACHER.
Preeident, B. L. Arnold:
SIR:I have the honor to present the following biennial report of
this department:
The course is divided into four classes
FRESHMAN.
Higher Algebra and Geometry.
SOPHOMORE.
Trigonometry. Surveying and Engineering.
JUNIOR.
General Geometry and Differential Calculus.
SENIOR.
Integral Calculus, Mechanics and Astronomy.
Special attention is given to the mental development of the student,
and tile discipline of his intellectual powers, for which the study of
Mathematics excels all others.
The practical utility of this braiicli of science is constantly impressed
upon t lie student, an d as far as j)ossi )le tamighi t amid iii tist rated by
S(
one
useful application in the field (if practical life. Lectures are given on
the history of Matiieui aties, and the two net Ii ods of reasoning, amiaivtical and svitthietiah, explained.
'l'hie adj ustinent of t lie eoi pass n (I thie cloli te is fully explained by
field practice in Surveyiiig ali(i Engineering.
1
Text-booksOltiistead, I)avies and Olney, and Courtney and Tod-
hunter for reference.
In addition to the above. I have taught Geology and Mineralogy.
Text-booksDana and LaCunte. And in the
SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE
Zoology and stock-breeding.
I delivered a course of lectures, extending through the entire rear, on Domestic Animals ; their Origin, Utility, Methods of Improving and Taking Care of Stock, etc. etc.
These lectures were atmended by all the agricultural students in the
Collegiate .Departmnent.
CABINET.
A large number of geological and mineralogical specimens have
Report
State Agrcultnral Uo7e,qe.
vf
been adde(l to our Cabinet during the last two years, greatly faeilitatili clllS5l00fli \701'k in tins depiutinetit.
We earnestly solicit contriliutions to our Cabinet from friends of
education di rongliont the State.
July 28th, 1SSO.
Very respectful iv.
JOS1P[I EMERY.
BOTANY, FRUIT CULTURE, AND LANGUAGES.
B.
.T. hAWThORNE, TEACHER.
President B. L. Arnold:
Sje:I have the honor to present the following biennial report of
this depnrtiiieiit
Botany has been taught by means of text-books and lectures. For
illustration. Oregon plants, as far us poS3ihle, are brought befri e the
classes. Tue students are urged to become familiar with the plants of
our own Statethose by which they are continually sum uinled.
All the information on grasses, that can be had, is used. Which
grass is best adapted to a gi veii locality ; which is most ii uttitious
winch is 1 lest for grazing WI I icli for ha. Sonic cxi eii mcii ts have
been made in order to ascertain whether any glass will reiiiain greell
in the \V ii luttnette valley, tllrougiunt the entire summer and fall. Thus
far, Alfalfa Lucerne, Mcd cago Sati Va) has stood tile test. It is as
green in Iuiulsummmner as it is in May. In good rich maui it grows five
feet high, uid it will stand several lilowiugs duiiig one season. The
fodder is (if a god q hal ity tom stock. I'rovisiomi has been made for
more extensive experiulemits vithi glasses 1uitiig the tohhuvuig veal.
The dilferent. kinds ut wheat, oats, and (0111 will he testel.
I'ext B0oks : Gray's series.
Irouui st uidvimig the general iimicipies and habits of platits, we pass
to the special Sill Iject of
;
FRUIT CULTURE.
Methods of producing, cultivating, and preserving fruit trees now
engage our atftntiun. Wlichi fruits are best adapted to our State?
Shall we raise all wheat and
How can they be made most profitable
no fruit ? These are sonic of the questions arising.
It is proposed to have each mnenil,ei of flue class pmetice grafting,
budding, cross-breeding, transplanting, and pm ning, and observe flue
results. If a tree begins to decline, try to learn the cause and apply
the remedy.
Text Book: Downing's Selected Fruits.
10
Report of
State Agricultural College.
SCHOOL OF LANGUAGE.
This school is divided into two departments
A.--Ancient Language.
B.Modern Language.
LATIN.
lntroduclo"y Cia.s.G rammar, Reader, Exercise-book.
Junior.Casar. Virgil. Cicero de Seueetnte, Exercises.
Intermeiiiate.Ilorace, Livv, Cicero's Orations, Exercises.
Senior.Cicero de Othciis, Persius, Tacitus, Exercises.
GREER.
.Tntrorluctory. Gram mar, Xenophun.
Junior. Fl erodot us, Xenopliun.
intcrrneiliate.Deiuost helies, Plato, llonier, Exercises.
ASenior.llucvdides, Sophocles. Exercises.
Grammar, Greek.G )(alwi n's Liddell and Scott's Lexicon.
Latin. Gilderslecve's Grammar aiicl Exercise-book. Freunti's Lev-
e.rett's Lexicon.
Grad utiou in Latin is necessary fir B. S.
Graduation in Latin and Greek is necessary fir A. B.
B-MODERN LANGUAGE.
This course comprehends Frendi, Germ an, and Anglo-Saxon.
1. German. \V liitney's (iraniniar and Reader; besides the
Reader, such authors and parts of authors will be read as the teacher
may deem fit.
2. J1',,ench._De\Tere's Grammars an(l Readers; besides Readers,
such authors and parts of authors will be read as the teacher may
deem fit.
3.
Angio-Saxon.Giamnmnar, March; Reader, March; Corson's
Iland-l)ook.
Graduation in German and Anglo-Saxon is required fir time degree
of A. M., in addition to graduation in the Ancient Languages.
SCHOOL OF hISTORY AND LITERATURE.
1.
Hi8tory.History, of Greece, of Rome, of England, of the
United States.
2. Literature.History of the English Language and Literature;
English Grammar; a portion of Esthetics; Anglo-Saxon form of
Literat tire.
]?eport of State Agrcuitural College.
11
7e.t-]?ooA$.----Snhitl's Smaller [listuries of' (-liccee and ioine
Smith's Stiilctit's Uiht)1ls 1)ecliiic and l'alI, atid the $til(lCnt's II nine's
I I story of Engl id, liv the so inc author ; 'mylar's Man ilel of Modern
II itOiV.
1'ext- I?oo/s
(-raiii iiar
n .L;te,'OtllpL.hfllnCS Ci'iticisni ; 1(\vIis lIa.l ihi
I Jart's En-1 shi Literature and A inerican Li ter tiire
Shakespeare ; (roii's Ilaiid-lwok of Early Eiiglisli ; Siiauiies Etig.
lisli Literature ; Whitney's Eiihishi Graiiniinr, Life and (.-rowtli of
\'erv ics ceti l'.'.
Lwguage.
III
B. J. I1A\VT11OIE.
GRADUATES.
1870.
tiames K. P. Currin. B. S ......................... Cottage Grove.
Robert Mc\Tcatchi, B. S ........................... Cottage Grove.
1871.
George F. B ii rkl art, B. S .............................. Lebai on.
James 1). Fun ata a, B. S ............................ 3 acksoii vfl Ic
W. R. IPrivctt, B. S .................................... Corvallis.
1872.
'llI'horn as B. Alexander, B. S ....................... Ben toii CI)ilIitV.
*John Eglin, B. S .............................. Iknton County.
Alouuzo .J JMekC,
.
B. S ................................. Corvallis.
James K. P. Weathierford, B. S ...................... Liuuu County.
1873.
Leander N. Liggeti. B. S ............................... Albany.
William F. Ilerriui, B. S .......................... Jacksonville.
Oscar L. Low, 13. S ................................. Baker City.
1874.
John R. Brvson, B. S ............................... Brownsville.
Thomas II. Crawford, B. S ............................ Norton's.
Ernunet 11. Taylor, B. S ............................... Corvallis.
George A. Grimes ................................... harrisburg.
William C. Crawford ................................. Norton's.
1875.
Reuben A. Fuller, B. S ................................ Corvallis.
Philip E. Liun, B. S ................................ Eagle Creek.
Report
12
of
State Agricultural College.
187G.
Franklin Cauthorn, A. M ............................. Corvallis.
*Isaac Jachs, B. S .................................... (Joivallis.
George P. Lent, B. S .............................. East Portland.
Newton A. Thompson, B. S ....................... Benton County.
1878.
S. Thomas Jeifteys, A. B .........................
Independence.
Frederick W. Vincent. B. S ............................ Coi'vdlis.
Elvin J. Glass, B. S ...................................
Moses Neugass, B. S ...................................
Corvallis.
Corvallis.
1879.
*Ernest White, A. M .................................... Albany.
Bartholomew T. Soden, B. S ........................... hubbard.
Marion Elliott, B. S ................................... (lovahhis.
Dayton Elliott, B. S ...................................
Corvallis.
isso.
William E. Yates, A. M ................................ Corvallis.
Sliubel G. McCann, A. B ............................... Corvallis.
Edgar Giiintn, B. S .............................. Marion County.
*Deceased
LIST OF STUDENTS.
Following is the list of students.
whole of the last two years
Morris Allen.
William W. Baker.
William 13. Bell.
Charles L. Bennett.
E. 1-I. Bennett.
William L. Bradshaw,
Vineyard C. Brock.
Andrew S. Buchanan.
William A. Buchanan,
Aloiizo Carlile.
Orville E. Carter.
J. Luther Caton.
..A.itliur J. Chapman.
E. Elmer Cliarinan.
The most of them attended the
Thomas L. Charman.
Albeit E. Cook.
Orville Cone.
William D. Casteel.
Virgil A. Davis.
T. Ii. Davis.
John Davis.
William Davis.
Edwin L. Davis.
George II. Dedman.
George F. Eglin.
Dayton Elliott.
Marion Elliott.
William G. Emery.
Report of State Agricultural Uollege.
David A. Osburn.
Henry Owens.
l"ranklin Priest.
William W. Randall.
Michael Rickard.
William Rickard.
A. 1] ard ug Roberts.
James Ferguson.
Edgar Grimm.
Henry G. Hastings.
Tliumas J. ITenkle.
A. T. Ilershner.
Arthur E. liolgate.
Will iari fbi man.
i
Will in ni Robnett.
George W. Siiiipson.
George Ilovenden.
Baxter F. Iloward.
Jeffersn I). I Inward.
Bartholomew T. Soden.
Jessee P. Stearns.
Leroy Hnmphrevs.
Leo Stock.
Richard Taylor.
Columbus M. Tetherow.
Ira limiter.
Charles Horning.
John Jenkins.
Benjamin H. Job.
Ferdinand Tracy.
James Trafzer.
J. P. Johnson.
George KI aggett.
Charles L. Lamnhiert.
Plutarch Lewis.
George Lily.
Isaac Loomiey.
W. I ork Masters.
Shubel G. McCann.
James A. McFadden.
Alfred Mattliien.
E. M. Mays.
Albert Mereer.
John F. Montgomery.
harry McComnell.
Edwin Newton.
Aaron Vi uson.
i
John Walker.
B. F. Watkins.
II. A. Williamson.
J. II. Wilson.
James 0. Wilson.
John W. Will.
hiram A. Wood.
Charles L. Wood.
Samuel M. Wood.
JaS1)er N. Wood.
Ernest White.
Fred L. Wright.
William E. Yates.
Total ............................................ 88.
13
14
Report of State Agricultural college.
WEATHER RECORD.
STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE,
Latitude, about 44 deg. 33 mlii. Longitude, about 123 deg. 15 mm.
CORVALLIS, OREGoN.
Monthly Record of Temperature and Rainfall for the Year 1879.
THERMOMETER.
.0
0
MONTH.
.
January
46
Morch
6(2
April
..................................................................
M,,v ....................................................................
June....................................................................
July ......................................................................
August
September
October
November ..............................................................
DecemPer .................................................................
3{otteat day, July 2eth-90 deg.
Coldeet, Degember 234-8 deg.
Rainfall for the year-36.40 inchca.
67
72
73
90
83
84
84
55
56
.
0
a
19
32.5
33.5
49.0
49.5
25
12
52
33
42
47
48
42
32
22
8
540
57.5
68.5
63.5
63.0
48.0
38 0
32.0
2.00
5.92
7.31
2.40
4.38
.14
.50
1.05
1.50
200
4.73
4.50