Marketing Bill and Farm Value Components of Consumer Expenditures for
Domestically Produced Farm Foods
Year
Consumer expenditures
Away from
Marketing
Total
At Home 1/
Home /2
Bill
- - - - - - - Billion dollars - - - - - - -
Farm
Value
Farm Value
Share of
Expenditures
Percent
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
51.1
53.1
55.5
58.3
61.0
63.6
-------
-------
32.3
34.4
36.3
37.9
39.6
42.4
18.8
18.7
19.2
20.4
21.4
21.2
37
35
35
35
35
33
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
66.9
68.7
71.3
74.0
77.5
81.1
86.9
91.6
96.8
102.6
---56.0
58.5
60.2
64.0
66.8
69.5
73.1
---18.0
19.0
20.9
22.9
24.8
27.3
29.5
44.6
45.7
47.6
49.9
52.6
54.0
57.1
62.4
65.9
68.3
22.3
23.0
23.7
24.1
24.9
27.1
29.8
29.2
30.9
34.3
33
33
33
33
32
33
34
32
32
33
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
110.6
114.6
122.2
138.8
154.6
167.0
183.3
190.9
216.9
245.2
78.2
80.6
85.4
98.5
109.5
116.2
127.2
130.8
149.2
169.4
32.4
34.0
36.8
40.3
45.1
50.8
56.1
60.1
67.7
75.8
75.1
78.5
82.4
87.1
98.2
111.4
125.0
132.7
147.4
166.0
35.5
36.1
39.8
51.7
56.4
55.6
58.3
58.2
69.5
79.2
32
32
33
37
36
33
32
30
32
32
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
264.4
287.7
298.9
315.0
332.0
345.4
359.6
375.5
398.8
419.4
180.1
194.0
196.7
204.6
213.1
220.8
226.0
230.2
242.1
255.5
84.3
93.7
102.2
110.4
118.9
124.6
133.6
145.3
156.7
163.9
182.7
206.0
217.5
229.7
242.2
259.0
270.8
285.1
301.9
315.6
81.7
81.7
81.4
85.3
89.8
86.4
88.8
90.4
96.8
103.8
31
28
27
27
27
25
25
24
24
25
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002 3/
449.8
465.1
474.5
489.2
512.2
529.5
546.7
566.5
585.0
625.3
661.1
687.5
709.4
276.2
286.1
289.6
294.9
308.7
316.9
328.0
339.2
346.8
370.7
390.2
403.9
416.8
173.6
179.0
184.9
194.3
203.5
212.6
218.7
227.3
238.2
254.6
270.9
283.6
292.6
343.6
363.5
369.4
379.6
402.6
415.7
424.5
444.6
465.4
503.1
537.8
557.5
576.9
106.2
101.6
105.1
109.6
109.6
113.8
122.2
121.9
119.6
122.2
123.3
130.0
132.5
24
22
22
22
21
21
22
21
20
20
19
19
19
Source: Calculated by ERS based on data from government and private sources.
-- = Not available.
1/ Includes food purchased primarily at retail food stores.
2/ Includes food purchased at restaurants, fast-food outlets, and other public eating places,
and food served in institutions, such as hospitals, schools, and rest homes.
3/ Preliminary. Some historical data have been revised.
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Consumer Expenditures
Marketing Bill
Farm Value
197
0
197
5
198
0
198
5
198
6
198
7
198
8
198
9
199
0
199
1
199
2
199
3
199
4
199
5
199
6
199
7
199
8
199
9
200
0
200
1
200
2
Billion $
Distribution of Consumer Food Expenditures
1970 - 2002
Farm value is a measure of the dollar value received by farmers for farm commodities equivalent to food purchased by consumers at food stores
and eating places. Marketing bill is difference in dollars between farm value and consumer expenditures for foods produce on U.S. farms.
Consumer Food Expenditures: At Home vs.
Away from Home, 1963 - 2002
500
300
200
100
0
1 96
1 96 3
1 96 4
1 96 5
1 96 6
1 96 7
1 96 8
1 97 9
1 97 0
1 97 1
1 97 2
1 97 3
1 97 4
1 97 5
1 97 6
1 97 7
1 97 8
1 98 9
1 98 0
1 98 1
1 98 2
1 98 3
1 98 4
1 98 5
1 98 6
1 98 7
1 98 8
1 99 9
1 99 0
1 99 1
1 99 2
1 99 3
1 99 4
1 99 5
1 99 6
1 99 7
1 99 8
2 00 9
2 00 0
2 00 1
2
Billion $
400
At Home
Away from Home
At home includes food purchased primarily at retail food stores. Away from home includes food
purchased at restaurants, fast-food outlets, and other public eating places, and food served in
institutions, such as hospitals, schools, and rest homes.
Farm Value as Share of
Consumer Expenditures
1954 - 2002
40
Percent
35
30
25
20
15
10
54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 96 99 02
Farm value component of consumer expenditures for domestically
produced farm foods. Source: ERS/USDA
Food CPI, Prices, and Expenditures: Per Capita Food Expenditures
U.S. Per Capita Food Expenditures
Current Prices
Year
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Source: ERS/USDA
U.S. Resident
Population, July 1
Millions
158.242
161.164
164.308
167.306
170.371
173.320
177.135
179.979
182.992
185.771
188.483
191.141
193.526
195.576
197.457
199.399
201.385
203.984
206.827
209.284
211.357
213.342
215.465
217.563
219.760
222.095
224.567
227.225
229.466
231.664
233.792
235.825
237.924
240.133
242.289
244.499
246.819
249.623
252.981
256.514
259.919
263.126
266.278
269.394
272.647
275.854
279.040
282.178
285.094
287.974
290.810
At Home
Away from
Home
293
288
285
288
305
310
304
306
304
303
299
307
318
327
326
339
359
387
401
428
469
526
567
597
635
690
759
828
874
902
939
981
1,009
1,036
1,076
1,120
1,188
1,234
1,272
1,252
1,268
1,307
1,325
1,366
1,378
1,418
1,498
1,559
1,645
1,687
1,731
96
96
97
100
103
103
106
109
111
116
120
126
135
147
154
168
179
194
204
223
249
272
316
353
386
433
486
529
571
603
645
683
710
757
822
888
938
995
1,029
1,027
1,072
1,107
1,136
1,160
1,206
1,256
1,299
1,367
1,406
1,451
1,531
1988 Prices
Total
At Home
- - - - - - - - Dollars - - - - - - - 390
1,042
384
1,027
382
1,036
389
1,046
408
1,070
413
1,042
411
1,048
415
1,044
415
1,037
420
1,027
419
1,003
433
1,014
454
1,025
474
1,012
480
1,007
507
1,018
539
1,031
581
1,065
605
1,081
650
1,110
718
1,061
798
1,029
883
1,011
950
1,063
1,021
1,080
1,123
1,065
1,245
1,060
1,357
1,067
1,444
1,052
1,505
1,054
1,584
1,088
1,664
1,102
1,718
1,120
1,793
1,120
1,898
1,129
2,009
1,120
2,126
1,114
2,230
1,089
2,301
1,092
2,279
1,057
2,341
1,018
2,414
1,047
2,460
1,030
2,526
1,024
2,584
992
2,673
998
2,797
1,035
2,926
1052
3,052
1,073
3,138
1,082
3,262
1,086
Away from
Home
Total
508
498
501
506
501
487
488
487
492
499
504
517
545
569
567
587
594
603
605
637
671
645
676
728
742
766
779
772
764
767
786
798
797
818
854
888
896
908
909
889
912
926
929
926
935
949
957
978
985
989
1,020
1,550
1,524
1,537
1,551
1,571
1,529
1,537
1,532
1,528
1,526
1,506
1,531
1,569
1,581
1,574
1,605
1,625
1,668
1,686
1,747
1,731
1,674
1,687
1,791
1,822
1,831
1,839
1,839
1,815
1,821
1,874
1,900
1,917
1,938
1,983
2,009
2,010
1,997
2,000
1,946
1,930
1,973
1,959
1,949
1,928
1,948
1,992
2,029
2,058
2,071
2,106
What a Dollar Spent on Food Paid for in 2002
Over a third went for food marketing labor costs.
The marketing bill for U.S.-grown food totaled $577 billion in 2002.
Farm Value
Labor
Packaging
Transportation
Energy
Profits
Advertising
Depreciation
Other Costs *
3.5
0%
19.0
20%
Farm Value
38.5
40%
8.0 4.0
60%
4.0
4.5
3.5
80%
15.0100%
Marketing Bill
* Other costs includes rent, interest, repairs, business taxes, and miscellaneous costs.
Per Capita Consumption of Major Food Commodities1
1993
1994
1995
1996
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
64.0
1997
Lbs.
62.6
Beef
61.0
62.9
63.5
63.6
64.3
64.5
63.1
64.5
Pork
48.5
49.0
48.4
45.2
44.7
48.2
49.3
47.8
46.9
48.2
Chicken
48.1
48.7
48.2
48.8
50.0
50.4
53.6
54.2
54.0
56.8
Turkey
13.9
13.9
13.9
14.3
13.6
13.9
13.8
13.7
13.8
14.0
Fish and shellfish
14.8
15.0
14.8
14.5
14.3
14.5
14.8
15.2
14.7
15.6
Eggs
30.1
30.3
29.9
30.1
30.2
30.8
32.2
32.4
32.5
32.8
79.1
105.4
26.3
77.2
103.9
28.2
74.0
100.9
31.4
73.0
99.5
32.9
71.0
97.4
33.5
69.5
95.6
33.4
70.1
95.3
32.2
71.8
98.1
31.0
67.2
93.8
28.9
66.5
94.4
27.9
69.1
67.3
65.4
64.2
63.7
64.3
67.0
74.5
--
--
Fresh fruit
123.5
124.9
122.5
126.2
129.4
128.8
129.6
127.2
125.4
125.6
Fresh vegetables
180.7
186.5
180.9
185.9
190.1
186.5
191.3
200.4
196.7
193.4
Flour and cereal products
188.7
191.5
189.2
196.4
197.1
193.5
195.8
199.0
194.4
191.3
Caloric sweeteners
139.1
141.6
144.1
144.7
147.7
148.9
151.3
148.9
147.1
146.1
Milk:
Fluid whole milk
Fluid lower fat milk
Fluid skim milk
Fats and oils
-- = Not available. 1. In pounds, retail weight unless otherwise stated. Consumption normally represents total supply
minus exports, nonfood use, and ending stocks.
Eggs excludes shipments to U.S. territories.
Whole milk includes plain and flabored; lowfat milk includes plain, flavored and buttermilk.
Vegetables and fresh fruits are farm weight.
Flour and cereal products include rye, corn, oat, and barley products.
Caloric sweeteners are dry weight equivalent.
Source: USDA/ERS "Amber Waves", March 2005.
The U.S. Per Capita Food Consumption
Percent Change Between 1993 and 2002
-15.93
-10.44
Whole Milk
Lowfat Milk
Pork
-0.62
Turkey
Flour and Cereal Products
Fresh Fruits
Caloric Sweeteners
Fish and Shellfish
Beef
Skim Milk
Fresh Vegetables
Eggs
Chicken
-30
-20
-10
0.72
1.38
1.70
0
Percent
5.03
5.41
5.74
6.08
7.03
8.97
10
18.09
20
30
Per Capita Consumption of Major Food Commodities
1
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
111.2
61.0
0.8
1.0
48.5
62.0
48.1
13.9
14.8
30.1
113.5
62.9
0.8
0.9
49.0
62.6
48.7
13.9
15.0
30.3
113.6
63.5
0.8
0.9
48.4
62.1
48.2
13.9
14.8
29.9
111.0
64.0
1.0
0.8
45.2
63.1
48.8
14.3
14.5
30.1
109.0
62.6
0.8
0.8
44.7
63.6
50.0
13.6
14.3
30.2
113.2
63.6
0.7
0.9
48.2
64.3
50.4
13.9
14.5
30.8
115.1
64.3
0.6
0.8
49.3
67.4
53.6
13.8
14.8
32.2
113.7
64.5
0.5
0.8
47.8
67.9
54.2
13.7
15.2
32.4
111.4
63.1
0.5
0.8
46.9
67.8
54.0
13.8
14.7
32.5
114.0
64.5
0.5
0.9
48.2
70.7
56.8
14.0
15.6
32.8
26.0
11.3
9.7
5.0
2.9
210.8
79.1
105.4
26.3
7.9
4.9
16.0
6.9
3.5
26.5
11.4
10.2
5.0
2.8
209.3
77.2
103.9
28.2
7.9
5.3
16.0
7.5
3.4
26.9
11.7
10.3
5.0
2.7
206.3
74.0
100.9
31.4
8.3
6.2
15.5
7.4
3.4
27.3
11.8
10.6
4.9
2.6
205.4
73.0
99.5
32.9
8.5
5.9
15.6
7.5
2.5
27.5
11.8
10.8
4.9
2.6
201.9
71.0
97.4
33.5
8.8
5.8
16.1
7.8
2.0
27.8
11.9
11.1
4.7
2.7
198.5
69.5
95.6
33.4
8.9
5.9
16.3
8.1
2.1
29.0
12.6
11.6
4.9
2.6
197.6
70.1
95.3
32.2
9.4
6.2
16.7
7.5
1.9
29.8
12.7
12.0
5.1
2.6
200.9
71.8
98.1
31.0
10.1
6.7
16.7
7.3
2.0
30.0
12.8
12.3
4.9
2.6
189.9
67.2
93.8
28.9
10.7
7.0
16.3
7.3
1.5
30.5
12.8
12.4
5.3
2.6
188.8
66.5
94.4
27.9
10.5
7.4
16.7
6.5
1.5
569.3
579.6
69.1
15.6
24.9
3.4
26.6
67.3
14.6
23.9
4.2
25.9
576.2
566.2
567.2
572.2
584.1
592.3
586.5
585.3
65.4
13.5
22.2
4.3
26.5
64.2
13.3
21.9
4.6
25.7
63.7
12.5
20.5
4.0
28.0
64.3
12.6
20.5
5.1
27.3
67.0
12.6
21.1
5.6
28.8
74.5
12.8
23.1
5.9
33.7
------
------
688.1
280.8
123.5
20.5
12.5
3.9
120.1
407.2
180.7
110.1
75.3
33.4
7.7
6.0
2.3
691.9
279.1
124.9
20.7
12.7
3.7
116.6
412.8
186.5
109.8
77.5
30.7
8.2
5.7
2.3
690.8
283.6
122.5
17.3
12.6
4.8
126.0
407.2
180.9
108.0
78.8
30.9
8.5
5.6
1.9
700.8
283.3
126.2
18.5
11.1
4.4
123.0
417.4
185.9
106.3
83.3
33.9
8.0
5.6
1.9
708.6
290.6
129.4
20.1
10.6
3.7
126.1
418.0
190.1
105.4
81.5
32.7
8.3
5.7
2.1
697.0
284.1
128.8
17.0
12.1
4.3
121.6
412.9
186.5
105.3
80.4
32.5
8.2
5.8
2.2
706.0
292.3
129.6
19.2
10.1
4.7
128.1
413.7
191.3
102.8
80.9
30.6
8.1
6.0
2.5
712.3
287.1
127.2
17.5
10.4
4.3
127.2
425.2
200.4
103.0
79.6
33.7
8.4
5.8
2.3
686.0
272.8
125.4
17.6
10.2
7.0
112.1
413.2
196.7
97.1
78.2
33.3
7.8
5.8
2.8
683.6
271.7
125.6
16.7
10.6
4.6
113.6
412.0
193.4
99.8
78.0
32.7
8.1
5.8
3.1
188.7
142.1
16.1
139.1
9.0
4.3
191.5
143.0
17.5
141.6
8.1
3.8
189.2
140.0
17.7
144.1
7.9
3.6
196.4
146.4
17.8
144.7
8.7
4.2
197.1
146.8
18.0
147.7
9.1
4.0
193.5
143.0
17.6
148.9
9.3
4.3
195.8
144.0
18.4
151.3
9.8
4.5
199.0
146.3
18.8
148.9
10.3
4.7
194.4
141.1
18.7
147.1
9.5
4.5
191.3
136.7
19.2
146.1
9.2
3.9
Lbs.
Red meats2,3,4
Beef
Veal
Lamb & mutton
Pork
Poultry2,3,4
Chicken
Turkey
Fish and shellfish3
Eggs4
Dairy products
Cheese (excluding cottage)2,5
American
Italian
Other cheeses6
Cottage cheese
Beverage milks2
Fluid whole milk7
Fluid lower fat milk8
Fluid skim milk
Fluid cream products9
Yogurt (excluding frozen)
Ice cream
Lowfat ice cream10
Frozen yogurt
All dairy products, milk
equivalent, milkfat basis11
Fats and oils--total fat content
Butter and margarine (product weight)
Shortening
Lard and edible tallow (direct use)
Salad and cooking oils
12
Fruits and vegetables
Fruit
Fresh fruits
Canned fruit
Dried fruit
Frozen fruit
Selected fruit juices
Vegetables
Fresh
Canning
Freezing
Dehydrated and chips
Pulses
Peanuts (shelled)
Tree nuts (shelled)
13
Flour and cereal products
Wheat flour
Rice (milled basis)
Caloric sweeteners14
Coffee (green bean equiv.)
Cocoa (chocolate liquor equiv.)
-- = Not available. 1. In pounds, retail weight unless otherwise stated. Consumption normally represents total supply minus exports, nonfood use, and
ending stocks. Calendar-year data, except fresh citrus fruits, peanuts, tree nuts, and rice, which are on crop-year basis. 2. Totals may not add due to
rounding. 3. Boneless, trimmed weight. 4. Excludes shipments to the U.S. territories. 5. Whole and part-skim milk cheese. Natural equivalent of
cheese and cheese products. 6. Includes Swiss, Brick, Muenster, cream, Neufchatel, Blue, Gorgonzola, Edam, and Gouda. 7. Plain and flavored
8. Plain and flavored, and buttermilk. 9. Heavy cream, light cream, half and half, eggnog, sour cream, and dip. 10. Formerly known as ice milk.
11. Includes condensed and evaporated milk and dry milk products. 12. Farm weight. 13. Includes rye, corn, oats, and barley products. Excludes
quantities used in alcoholic beverages, corn sweeteners, and fuel. 14. Dry weight equivalent.
Information contact: Jean Buzby (202) 694-5370
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
Pounds
Per Capita Consumption of Meat, Poultry, and
Fish Boneless, Trimmed, Equivalent
Red Meat
Poultry
Fish/Shellfish