CEPEL
CEPEL
Enhancement of
Transmission Capability
by
Luiz A.S. Pilotto
Research
Research &
& Development
Development Director
Director
Palo Alto, October 11, 2001
NSF/EPRI Workshop
Urgent Opportunities for Transmission System Enhancement
1
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
2
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
BASIC CONCEPTS
•
Expanded Bundle Geometry Optimizes the Electric Field
at the Surface of All Sub-Conductors
• Result: an Expressive Reduction of the
Positive Sequence
Impedance of the Transmission Line
Electric Field Profile
yConventional Bundle
yExpanded Bundle
(EXB)
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,7
0,8
0,7
0,9
1,0
yHSIL - EXB
1,0
0,8
0,7
0,9
0,7
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
3
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
BASIC CONCEPTS
Electric Field Calculation
yConventional Bundle
yExpanded Bundle (EXB)
yHSIL - EXB
4
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
BASIC CONCEPTS
Surge Impedance Loading
V2
SIL =
Z1
Voltage Level Conventional Line
(kV)
69
138
230
500
(MW)
9 - 12
40 - 50
120 - 130
900 - 1020
HSIL Line
(MW)
10 - 40
50 - 120
130 - 440
950 - 2000
Source: CHESF
5
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN HSIL LINE
) Enhanced Power Transfer Capacity
) Improved Voltage Regulation of Highly Stressed
Transmission Lines
) Improved Power Systems Transient Stability Limits
) Maximum Utilization of Existing Right-of-Ways
) Reduced Environmental Impact, for the Same Power
Transmission Level
6
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
ELECTRICAL
DESIGN
ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES
ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT
GROUNDING
TOWERS &
FOUNDATIONS
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CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
ELECTRICAL DESIGN
DELTA
SELEC
SIGA
Risk of Failure
Economic AC/DC
Conductor Selection
Magnetic Field,
Audible Noise,
Radio Interference
TENCRI
ZYCOR
Critical Flashover
Voltage
TL Parameters and
Current Distribution
PCOR
OTLIN
Configuration
Optimization
Corona Losses
AMPACIDADE
Conductor
Temperature Analysis
CODIN IV
RECAP LT
TRICAMP
Lightning Surges
Technical Solutions for
TL Upgrading
3D Electric and
Magnetic Field
8
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
TOWERS AND FOUNDATIONS
TORTRE
OTIMAS
Lattice Tower
Design
Optimization Mast
TRAPIII
TORRES
GRELHAS
Compact Tower
Design
Integrated Design of
Towers and Foundations
Metallic Grillage
Foundation
TRAPVVV
GEOMEF
PLOTTOR
Non-Conventional Tower
Design
Geologic Analysis
Towers and Foundations
Sketch Design
AQUIS
Mechanical Data
Acquisition & Analysis
FLECHA
Conductor Sag
AQUIEEE
Vibration Data
Acquisition & Analysis
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CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
DEVELOPED TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
ELECTRIC FIELD
RADIO INTERFERENCE
DRY WEATHER
7
CONVENTIONAL 45
TL
CONVENTIONAL TL
HSIL TL
radio interference (dB/1µV/m)
electric field (kV/m)
5
criteria at right of way
35
right of way
4
3
2
VΦΦ: 500 kV
profile height: 1 m
1
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
VΦΦ: 500 kV
frequency: 0.5 MHz
resistivity of the soil: 500 Ωm
profile height: 1m
0
350
0
30
405
10
distance to the center of TL (m)
15
20
25
30
AUDIBLE NOISE
15 MINUTES AFTER RAIN
80
80
70
CONVENTIONAL TL
HSIL TL
audible noise dB(A)
60
40
30
I/phase: 1155 (A)
profile height: 1 m
criteria at right of way: 1000 mG
10
40
CONVENTIONAL TL
HSIL TL
70
criteria at right of way
60
right of way
50
50
20
35
distance to the center of TL (m)
MAGNETIC FIELD
magnetic field (mG)
right of way
HSIL TL
40
criteria at right of way
6
right of way
40
30
20
10
VΦΦ: 500 kV
frequency: 60 Hz
resistivity of the soil: 1000 Ωm
profile height: 1 m
0
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
distance to the center of TL (m)
30
350
405
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
distance to the center of TL (m)
10
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
LABORATORY STRUCTURE
230 kV HSIL CHESF Line Prototype
at CEPEL’s High Voltage Laboratory
11
CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
LABORATORY STRUCTURE
HSIL (EXB) Banabuiú-Fortaleza - CHESF - Line: 2 x 230 kV
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CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
LABORATORY STRUCTURE
CHESF 500 kV
expanded bundle
testing at CEPEL’s
High Voltage Laboratory
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CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
2 x 230
Paulo
Afonso
– Fortaleza
HSIL-EXB
6402000
km:
1999
kV
CHESF
HSIL
Line
– 1.6
km Full
Scale
Prototype:
1994
Installed
Assets
230
kV
500
kV
P.Dutra
–Already
Fortaleza
HSIL-EXB
Line-Line
740–km:
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CEPEL
High Surge Impedance Loading Line - HSIL
CONCLUSIONS
HSIL Technology is Mature—
Already Adopted by the
Coordinating Committee for the Brazilian System
Expansion Planning (CCPE)
Currently in Operation:
740 km @ 500 kV
640 km @ 230 kV - double circuit
Experimental 230 kV and 500 kV Lines Report
NO Electrical or Mechanical Incidents for
More than 4 Years
Avoided Investment Costs may Reach US$ 1.1 Billion
in the Next 10 Years
15
CEPEL
CEPEL
Enhancement of
Transmission Capability
Palo Alto, October 11, 2001
NSF/EPRI Workshop
Urgent Opportunities for Transmission System Enhancement
16