 Product
 Bond
 Reactant
 Stable
 Yields
 Synthesis
 Equation
 Decomposition
 Subscript
 Replacement
 Compound
 Catalyst
 Write a story using the



 Element
 Ionic
 Covalent

words on the list
Underline each word
used
Circle words you’ve
never heard in RED
Circle words you’re
familiar with but unsure
of in YELLOW
Circle words you know
well in GREEN
Valence Electrons - all the
electrons on the outer-most
energy level (ROMAN
NUMERAL)
Dot Diagram
Chemical Bond – a force that
holds two or more atoms
together when their outermost energy levels become
filled by each other.
 Creates a chemical reaction
Stable – when all of an atom’s
energy levels are filled and it
can no longer react
 Stable atoms become charged
 Unstable atoms have empty
spaces on their energy levels
and have no charge because
their e- balance out with p+
Ionic Bond – when an atom
becomes stable by giving or
taking (exchanging) electrons
from another atom.
Ion- an atom that has gained or
lost electrons and has a charge
 Cation –gives away e-, has a
positive charge

clue to remember
(ca+ion)
 Anion- takes e-, has a
negative charge
 clue to remember
(/-\nion)
 Ions with opposite charges
bond together – opposites
attract
An atom’s charge is neutral
if its p+ and e- are balanced
Atoms are usually unstable
if they are neutral (except
column VIII)
Covalent Bond – when 2
atoms fill their outer energy
levels by SHARING a pair of
electrons
 Both atoms keep their
electrons on the outer ring
 Charge doesn’t change,
atoms stay neutral AND
become stable
Ionic
Covalent
 Chemical Formula- a way to write the
name of bonded atoms (compounds)
 Ex. NaCl: uses Chemical Symbols
 Compound - _____________________
 Chemical formulas show how many of
each atom are in the compound
 Subscript- a number written to the lower
right of a chemical symbol in the chemical
formula
 DO NOT WRITE ONE (1)!
 Ex. H2O, NaCl, C6H12O6
 Chemical Reaction- when new substances are
created from chemical bonds being formed or
broken
 These new substances have new
properties and are often
compounds!
 Two parts:
 Reactants – what you start with (what
reacts)
 Products – what you end with (what
is created)
 Conservation of Matter - matter can’t be created
or destroyed in a reaction
 The items and the amount of items you
start with MUST be the same as what
you end with
 LIKE BAKING A CAKE
 Catalyst – changes how reactions
happen, doesn’t actually react
 Speed up or slow down

Chemical Equation- written reaction
 Adding zinc to hydrochloric acid looks
like:
Zn + HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
 Reactants (start)  products (end)

 is like an equals sign “yields”
 Synthesis – 2 or more substances react to form a new
compound

2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
 Decomposition – One substance breaks down during a
reaction
 2NaCl  2Na + Cl2
 Replacement – one element takes over the spot of an
item in a compound
 CuSO4 + Fe FeSO4+ Cu
 Combustion – reaction involving oxygen that produces
light and heat.
 CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H20