Keywords / Concepts
Psychologist
Keywords
Pavlov
Classical Conditioning
Unconditioned Stimulus/Response
Conditioned Stimulus/Response
Harlow
Learning to Learn
Physical Contact Comfort
Peer Contact
Skinner
Operant Conditioning
Reinforcement
Reinforcement Schedule
Seligman
Learning Helplessness
Explanatory Style
Internality
Bandura
Social Learning Theory
Self Efficacy Theory
Modeling
Pavlov
Classical Conditioning:
• A process of behavior modification by which a subject
comes to respond in a desired manner to a previously
neutral stimulus that has been repeatedly presented
along with an unconditioned stimulus that elicits the
desired response.
• The Office, College Conditioning
Vocab:
• Unconditioned Stimulus – event that leads to obvious
response w/out training
• Unconditioned Response – obvious response w/out
training
Pavlov
Vocab:
• Conditioned Stimulus – event that under normal
circumstances would not create a response
• Conditioned Response – learned response to the
conditioned stimulus
• Generalization - respond to something similar to CS
• Discrimination – respond differently to different stimuli
• Extinction – if CS is not presented, the CR will die out
Dog Experiment:
• Unconditioned Stimulus / Response: meat powder /
salivation
• Condtioned Stimulus / Response: bell ring / salivation
Keywords / Concepts
Psychologist
Keywords
Pavlov
Classical Conditioning
Unconditioned Stimulus/Response
Conditioned Stimulus/Response
Harlow
Learning to Learn
Physical Contact Comfort
Peer Contact
Skinner
Operant Conditioning
Reinforcement
Reinforcement Schedule
Seligman
Learning Helplessness
Explanatory Style
Internality
Bandura
Social Learning Theory
Self Efficacy Theory
Modeling
Skinner
Operant Conditioning:
• Behavior modification because of a reward or punishment
• Operant conditioning is different than classical conditioning
because operant conditioning focuses on voluntary
behaviors (classical conditioning focuses on reflexes and
involuntary behaviors)
• Pigeon
• Big Bang Theory
Reinforcement & Punishment:
• Reinforcement causes a behavior to happen more often
• Punishment causes a behavior to happen less often
Skinner
Reinforcement & Punishment:
•
•
•
•
Positive Reinforcement (reward)
Negative Reinforcement (removal of a negative, ex noise)
Positive Punishment (punishment, ex shock)
Negative Punishment (penalty, ex take away a toy)
Reinforcement Schedule:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ratio Schedule (reinforcement depends only on the # of responses)
Continuous Reinforcement (every behavior is reinforced)
Fixed Ratio (every nth behavior is rewarded)
Variable Ratio (the # of responses necessary to produce
reinforcement varies)
Fixed Interval (reinforced after every nth amount of time )
Variable Interval (reinforced at periodic amounts of time)