Study Guide: WH2 Final Exam Part 1
1. What country did the Industrial Revolution begin?
Great Britain/ England
2. First industry to industrialize.
Textiles (clothing)
Inventor
Eli Whitney
Key Invention
Cotton gin
Henry Bessemer
Bessemer Process (Steel)
Louis Pasteur
Germs (pasteurization)
James Watt
Steam Engine
Edward Jenner
Smallpox Vaccine
8. Impact of the Industrial Revolution (write increase or
decrease)
Population ____increase___________
Education______increase___________
Middle Class____increase___________
9. Who earned the lowest wages in the factory system?
Children
10.
Which country was the first to outlaw the slave
trade?
Great Britain
11.
Define Suffrage
The right to vote
12.
Define Collective Bargaining
One person works on behalf of union to secure wage
increase, etc.
13.
Define Boycott
To abstain from a product or service
14.
Summarize the book The Wealth of Nations and
name the author.
Adam Smith
Free market economy where government does not
regulate businesses
Consumers as “invisible hand”
Laissez-faire
15.
Summarize the book Communist Manifesto and
name the authors.
Karl Marx and Fredereich Engels
History is class struggle between the haves
(bourgeoisie) versus the have-nots (proletariats). The
proletariats will rise up, overthrow the bourgeoisie, and
there will be two stages, first socialism with government
regulation, then with a classless society becomes
communism with no government.
16.
Define the Proletariats and Bourgeoisie
Proletariats= workers, poor
Bourgeoisie= owners of industry, wealthy
17.
Define Colony
Govt. under direct control of foreign country
18.
Define Protectorate
Area with native govt, but under the influence of a foreign
country
19.
Define Spheres of Influence
Own government, but have to trade with certain countries
(China)
20.
Define Territory
An extension of another country (Puerto Rico, Guam)
21.
Where is the Suez Canal located?
Egypt- connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea
22.
What was the significance of the British East India
Company?
A Company that gains power from the weakening Mughal
Empire in India. Had own Indian army- Sepoys
23.
Who was Commodore Matthew Perry and what is
his claim to fame?
United States, opened up trade with Japan through threats
of force.
24.
Summarize the Boxer Rebellion.
China- Society of Harmonious Fists rose up against “foreign
devils” and tried to expel the white missionaries and converts
from China
25.
Summarize the Sepoy Mutiny
1857 in India- Sepoys were soldiers for the BEIC, issued
new rifles with cartridges sealed in animal fat, resisted,
violently put down by BEIC and British Government takes
over India.
26.
Summarize the causes of WWI.
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
27.
What area was nicknamed the “powder keg” of
Europe?
Balkan Peninsula (Bosnia, Romania, Serbia)
28.
WWI began with whose assassination? By
whom? For what reason?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand (and wife, Sophie)from AustriaHungary…Gavrillo Princip…member of Black Hand, F.F.
seen as a threat to Serbia.
29.
1914
30.
1917
In what year did WWI begin?
In what year did the United States enter WWI?
31.
Who was President of the United States during
WWI?
Woodrow Wilson
32.
Who led Germany during WWI?
Kaiser Wilhelm II
33.
List the empires that were dismantled following
WWI.
Austro-Hungarian, Russian Imperial, German, Ottoman
Empire
34.
What document officially ended WWI?
Treaty of Versailles
35.
Define reparations
Payment for war expenses
36.
Summarize the Russo-Japanese War.
1905 between Russia and Japan…Russia suffers a
devastating loss
37.
Who led Russia at the beginning of WWI?
Tsar (Czar) Nicolas II
38.
Define New Economic Plan and its creator.
V.I. Lenin- following Bolshevik Revolution to jumpstart the
economy in Russia- Limited capitalism
39.
Define League of Nations and its members.
Representative body formed after WWI to negotiate to avoid
war…France, England, etc…United States DID NOT join.
40.
Define the Mandate System.
After WWI in Middle East- some countries do not gain
independence, instead are “overseen” by France or Britain
41.
What country had a mandate in Lebanon and
Syria? FRANCE
42.
What country had a mandate in Palestine and
Jordan? GREAT BRITAIN
43.
Define militarism
Build-up of weapons and military
44.
Define nationalism
Intense pride in a person’s ethnic group or nation-state
45.
Summarize the Schlieffen Plan
Germany’s plan for a two front war- attack France first, then
attack Russia- put into action in WWI and failed.
46.
What events brought the United States into WWI?
 Sinking of the Lusitania (passenger cruise line by
German U-boat)
 Zimmerman Note (letter from Germany to Mexico,
asking Mexico to join and invade US)
47.
Define Total War
All resources/ population are mobilized for war
48.
When was the armistice signed to end World War
I?
November 11, 1918
49.
What time was the armistice signed to end World
War I?
11AM
50. What did the pogroms do that occurred in the late 19thcentury in Russia?
Campaigns of violence against Jews in Russia
51. Who were the Bolsheviks?
Russian Marxists- lead the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 to
take control of Russia
52. Who did China’s peasants align themselves with in the
1920’s?
Communists
53.What is a totalitarian state?
Complete government control of all aspects of life.
54. What did Sun Yixian’s Revolutionary Alliance
accomplish?
Overthrow the Qing Dynasty in 1911 in China
55. Who led the famous protest known as the Salt March?
Mohandas Gandhi
56. What event marked the beginning of the Great
Depression?
Stock Market Crash…Black
Tuesday…October 29th, 1929
57. Who’s nickname was Il Duce?
Mussolini in Italy
58. Which German political party sought to overturn the
Treaty of Versailles and combat communism?
Nazi’s
59. What was the goal of U.S. isolationists after World War
I?
Stay out of foreign conflict
60. Define Appeasement
To give into an aggressor to try and maintain peace (ex:
Hitler gaining Sudetenland and Czechoslovakia)
Person
Key Accomplishment
Nicholas II
Vladimir Lenin
Joseph Stalin
Sun Yixian
Mao Zedong
Mohatma Gandhi
Mustafa Kemal
Otto von Bismark
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Woodrow Wilson
Adolf Hitler
Benito Mussolini