Urinary System Review for 10 bonus points!!!!
Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. Which of the following receives blood from the efferent arteriole?
a. The renal vein
b. The glomerulus
c. The afferent arteriole
d. The Peritubular capillary network
2. The cells of which structures contain relatively large numbers of mitochondria?
a. The glomerulus
b. The afferent arteriole
c. The proximal convoluted tubule
d. The Bowman’s capsule
3. Urine enters the bladder through which structure?
a. The ureter
b. The collecting duct
c. The kidney
d. The urethra
4. Which of the following are located in the renal cortex?
a. The afferent arteriole and the ureter
b. The distal convoluted tubule and the loop of Henle
c. The Bowman’s capsule and the glomerulus
d. The collecting duct and the proximal convoluted tubule
5. Which of the following surrounds the glomerulus?
a. The proximal convoluted tubule
b. The afferent arteriole
c. The Peritubular capillaries
d. The Bowman’s capsule
6. Which of these hormones is likely to cause a RISE in blood pressure?
a. Aldosterone
b. Rennin
c. ADH
d. None of the hormones mentioned would cause a rise in blood pressure
e. Both A and C are correct
7. If the blood is acidic, the body will will-rebalance the pH by:
a. Increasing the rate and depth of breathing
b. Secreting H+ at the distal convoluted tubule
c. Reabsorbing H+ from the filtrate at the distal convoluted tubule
d. Secreting more uric acid
e. Both A and B
8. One of the main differences between tubular secretion and selective reabsorption is
a. That tubular excretion is largely passive whereas selective reabsorption is mediated by
active processes
b. That selective reabsorption occurs ONLY in the distal convoluted tubule
c. That tubular secretion actively secretes chemicals such as histamine and penicillin
d. That selective reabsorption takes place ONLY in the renal medulla
9. The presence of ADH causes an individual to excrete
a. Sugars
b. Less water
c. More water
d. Both A and C are correct
10. Normally, in humans, glucose
a. Is always found in the filtrate and in the urine
b. Is always in the filtrate, with little or none in the urine
c. Undergoes tubular secretion and is in the urine
d. Undergoes tubular secretion and is not in the urine
11. The functional unit of the urinary system is the
a. Nephron
b. Alveolus
c. Villi
d. Neuron
12. Which of the following is NOT one of the substances typically reabsorbed by the tubules:
a. Urea
b. Water
c. Amino acids
d. Glucose
13. Urine passes through the
a. Kidney hilus to bladder to ureter
b. Renal pelvis to ureter to bladder to urethra
c. Glomerulus to ureter to renal tubule
d. Hilus to urethra to bladder
14. The outermost portion of the kidney is the
a. Cortex
b. Pelvis
c. Medulla
d. Pyramids
15. Which of the following would NOT be one of the substances typically found in the urine
a. Glucose
b. Salt
c. Nitrogenous waste
d. Water
16. Which of the following is NOT true of urine:
a. Slightly acid
b. Sterile
c. Slightly aromatic
d. Slightly alkaline
17. Blood pressure in the glomerulus is
a. Extremely low
b. Variable
c. Unmeasurable
d. Extremely high
18. Each kidney contains about
a. 1 million nephrons
b. 3 million nephrons
c. 2 million nephrons
d. 100,000 nephrons
19. The enlarged, closed end of the renal tubule is called
a. Bowman’s capsule
b. Proximal convoluted tubule
c. Distal convoluted tubule
d. Loop of Henle
20. The non-selective, passive process that takes place in the glomerulus is called
a. Selective reabsorption
b. Micturition
c. Tubular secretion
d. Filtration
21. The final step of urine formation in which additional substances are removed from the blood:
a. Selective reabsorption
b. Micturition
c. Tubular secretion
d. Filtration
22. The voluntary sphincter associated with the urethra is the
a. Internal urethral
b. Detrusor muscle
c. External urethral
d. Ureter
23. Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of urinary tract infection
a. Blood tinged urine
b. Urinary urgency
c. Urinary frequency
d. Rash
24. Which of the following is NOT true of incontinence
a. It is normal in older children who sleep soundly
b. It is common in stroke or spinal injury victims
c. It occurs when we are unable to voluntarily control the internal sphincter
d. It is normal in children 2 years old or younger
25. The portion of the nephron closest to the collecting duct is called the
a. Bowman’s capsule
b. Proximal convoluted tubule
c. Loop of Henle
d. Distal convoluted tubule
Short Answer:
1. What would your life be like if your kidneys only carried out filtration (and did not also carry out
reabsorption and secretion) and all that fluid became urine?
2. How does the consumption of alcohol affect ADH?
Labeling: Write the correct anatomical term for each of the following questions.