Religious Empires and the Crusades
What is the best way to spread religious beliefs?
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 New Rome
 Eastern Empire
 Capital city Constantinople
named after Roman
Emperor Constantine
Considerations
 What does Nova Roma mean?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
 What was the capital of the
Byzantine Empire?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 Constantinople
Considerations
 Why was Constantinople so
 Located in the middle of
successful?
many trade routes
 Geographically protected
from attacks
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 Constantinople
 Roman architecture,
Christianity, and culture
thrived in the Eastern
Empire until 1453
Considerations
 How was the Byzantine
Empire similar to the Roman
Empire?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 Justinian
 Took control of Byzantium
Considerations
 What does expanded mean?
 ______________________
in 527 AD
______________________
______________________
 Expanded and Modernized
the entire empire
 What does modernize mean?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 Justinian
 Expanded the Empire
 Recovered much of the
Empire that once belonged to
Rome
 Stretching as far West as
Spain
Considerations
 How far did Justinian expand
his empire?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 Justinian
Considerations
 What was the Justinian Code
 Modernized the Empire
 ______________________
with the Justinian Code
______________________
______________________
 Uniform laws created from
outdated Roman Law
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 Justinian Code
 Official language was
Greek
 Bishops would be the head
of the church
 Priests could marry
Considerations
 What were some of the
important characteristics of
the Byzantine Empire?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Byzantine Empire
Nova Roma
 Justinian Code
 His proudest
Considerations
 What is a “Church building
campaign”?
accomplishment was
 ______________________
Church building campaign
______________________
______________________
 The Hagia Sophia was the
most splendid church in
 What is the Hagia Sophia?
the Christian World.
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Causes
 Germanic tribes
continuously invaded
Roman cities and
eventually invaded Rome
itself
Considerations
 Why does the Roman Empire
collapse in the West?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Causes
 Germans could not read or
write
 Had no obligation to
Roman law or taxes
 Lived by unwritten rules
and tradition
Considerations
 The Germanic tribes were
similar or different from the
Romans?
 ______________________
______________________
 What do you think the results
would be?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Results
 Trade disrupted
 Cities collapsed
 Learning declined
 Common language was
lost
Considerations
 What were the immediate
results of the Germanic
invasions?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Benedict
Considerations
 What did Benedict teach to
 Christian leader who
the Germanic tribes?
wrote strict and practical
rules for monks and nuns
 Educated the Germanic
tribes
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Benedict
 By 600 AD many
Germanic people
converted to Christianity
Considerations
 There were more or less
Christians in Western Europe
as a result of Benedict?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Charlemagne
Considerations
 Who is Charlemagne and what
 Western King
did he do?
 United all of the
 ______________________
independent tribes in
Western Europe
 Spread Christianity
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Charlemagne
 Ordered monks to open
schools
 Encouraged learning
 Thomas Aquinas defended
these religious practices
through philosophy
Considerations
 What happens to the role of
the Church under
Charlemagne?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Charlemagne
 Crushed a violent mob in
Rome and was crowned
“Emperor” by the Pope
Considerations
 Who has more power in
Western Europe Charlemagne
or the Pope?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Charlemagne
Considerations
 Who invaded after
 After his death, the empire
Charlemagne’s death?
was divided among his
grandsons
 This led to invasions from
fierce Scandinavian sailors
known as Vikings
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Vikings
 Like the Germans, they did
not have formal religion
 Soon adopted Christianity
Considerations
 What happened to the role or
power of the Church after the
Viking invasions?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Western Church
 Christendom or a
Christian Kingdom
emerges
 Cannon Law or church law
was enforced
 Disobeyed meant
excommunication or
banishment from the
Church
Considerations
 How did the Church get so
much power in Western
Europe?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________
Western Europe
Invasion and Warfare
 Western Church
 Spoke Latin
 Headed by the Pope
 Priests could not marry
Considerations
 How would the Western
Church be different than the
Eastern Church?
 ______________________
______________________
______________________