U.S. History 2.26.14 • • • • 1. Continue– The Cold War- Finish Back of Packet 2. Technology and the Korean Conflict- Clips 3.A Korean War Map- with Text 3B. I-Pad Online- Cold War 2014 Online Dwight D. Eisenhower “Ike” From Overall General of the Allies to President 7 More Future American Presidents Served in World War II XVII. The Race for Space- an extension of the Cold War between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. V-2, Sputnik, dogs and monkeys in space VIII. The Race for Space- Space Monkey Early Computer Technology Came Out of WW II Colossus, 1941 Mark I, 1944 Admiral Grace Hooper, 1944-1992 COBOL language What was Robot Brain? • Early computers (1953) built to do tasks too dangerous for humans. (MIT) • This technology Became early computers for SAC (Stategic Air Command) Early Computer Technology Came Out of WW II XIX> New Technologies after World War 2 •Television •Jet Engine •Diesel Electric Engines (RR) •Vaccines and Pesticides •Hydrogen Bomb, Nuclear powered ships, Postwar Changes in Consumer Products from the War U.S. Carrier Based Jet Inventing Television Start of the Korean War Friday- McCarthyism • Activity- Dot Game • Clip • APUSH- Notes Due – Hi-lite, underline, circle, annotate 21.3 McCarthyism U.S. Mystery 2. 21.14 • Begin – The Cold War (Page 1- Overview) • Germany- The End (The Third Reich- Soviet Occupation of Berlin) • I-Pad Online- Cold War 2014 Online Post World War 2 Germany Europe is Shattered U.S. Mystery 2. 24.14 • 1. Continue– The Cold War (Page 1-2) • 2. Germany- The End (The Third Reich- Soviet Occupation of • Berlin) 3A. Finish Tests- Danielle, Sammi • 3B. I-Pad Online- Cold War 2014 Online Monday-Tuesday U.S. and Soviet Troops meeting at the Elbe, River Germany 1945 Elbe River Crossing Berlin- Soviet Sphere Post War Germany Post War Germany Soviet Flag Over Berlin The Iron Curtain What is a Cold War? • DEFINE • The Cold War was so named because the two major powers—each possessing NUCLEAR WEOPONS and thereby threatened with MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction) met in IMC -INDIRECT Military Combat. • Instead, in their struggle for global influence they engaged in ongoing PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE and in regular indirect confrontations through PROXY WARS (supporting other nations in their conflict- North and South Korea, North and South Vietnam, etc.) • . Cycles of relative calm would be followed by high tension, which could have led to world war. The Cold War Quote • …. “an IRON CURTAIN is drawn down upon Europe’s front.” • (We do not know what is going on behind). » paraphrased… Winston Churchill » Speaking of the Soviet Sphere of influence in Eastern Europe” CNN- Who has what? “You Drop the Bomb on Me, Baby” WW II Casualties: Europe I. Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the appropriate theater of operations WW II Casualties: Asia II. Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the appropriate theater of operations Country Men in war Battle deaths Wounded Australia 1,000,000 26,976 180,864 Austria 800,000 280,000 350,117 Belgium 625,000 8,460 55,5131 40,334 943 4,222 339,760 6,671 21,878 Canada 1,086,3437 42,0427 53,145 China3 17,250,521 1,324,516 1,762,006 Czechoslovakia — 6,6834 8,017 Denmark — 4,339 — Finland 500,000 79,047 50,000 France — 201,568 400,000 20,000,000 3,250,0004 7,250,000 Greece — 17,024 47,290 Hungary — 147,435 89,313 India 2,393,891 32,121 64,354 Italy 3,100,000 149,4964 66,716 Japan 9,700,000 1,270,000 140,000 Netherlands 280,000 6,500 2,860 New Zealand 194,000 11,6254 17,000 75,000 2,000 — — 664,000 530,000 650,0005 350,0006 — 410,056 2,473 — — 6,115,0004 14,012,000 5,896,000 357,1164 369,267 16,112,566 291,557 670,846 3,741,000 305,000 425,000 Brazil2 Bulgaria Germany Norway Poland Romania South Africa U.S.S.R. United Kingdom United States Yugoslavia WW II Casualties III. 1. Civilians only. 2. Army and navy figures. 3. Figures cover period July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. They do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps. 4. Deaths from all causes. 5. Against Soviet Russia; 385,847 against Nazi Germany. 6. Against Soviet Russia; 169,822 against Nazi Germany. 7. National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq., Director of History. IVa. Massive Human Dislocations The U.S. & the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two Superpowers of the later 20c Potsdam Conference: Churchill, Truman and Stalin V. The The Potsdam Conference V………………………….. • Atlee, Truman, Stalin • Soviet Union joins Britain and the United States against Japan— Summer 1945 • Disclosure of the Manhattan Project • Agreement for a Soviet Invasion and Occupation of Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula to help defeat Japan The Potsdam Conference U.S. History 2.25.14 • 1. Cold War A.P. Chapter 1945-61 • Read, Hi-lite, Underline and…. • Annotate– Make Connections • By Friday • 2. Through Page 3 on Notes• Turn in Today. I-Pad online U.S. History 2.25.14 • 1. Cold War Notes- Front and Back Today- Use I-Pad in Part 2 • 2. Page 3- The Presidents who served in WW2 • 3. Wednesday- We will do the back page concerning Technology of the Cold War • Turn in your packet Wednesday IV.B The Iron Curtain The Bi-Polarization of Europe: The Beginning of the Cold War VI. Bi-Polarization of Europe VI. The Division of Europe: 1945 - 1990 The Division of Germany: 1945 - 1990 3. Post WW2 Germany 3. Occupation of Berlin VII. The Berlin Airlift • In response, the Western Allies organized the Berlin AIRLIFT to carry supplies to the people in West Berlin (Every 2 minutes) VII.The Berlin Airlift and NATO VIII. The Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine VIII.B. Truman Doctrine • an international-relations policy set forth by the U.S. President TRUMAN stating that the U.S. would support GREECE and TURKEY with economic and military aid to prevent their falling into the SOVIET SPHERE. • Historians often consider it as the start of the COLD WAR , and the start of the CONTAINMENT policy to stop Soviet expansion VIII. A. Marshall Plan • The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the American program to aid EUROPE, in which the U.S. gave economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of WORLD WAR 2 in order to prevent the spread of Soviet COMMUNISM XIV. The Creation of the U. N. XIV. The United Nations • United Nations peacekeeping was initially developed during the Cold War as a means of resolving conflicts between Eastern and Western Block Nations. • 193 of the 196 nations in the world are members of the U.N. (Vatican City and Kosovo) The Creation of the U. N. XV. The Nuremberg Trials • a series of MILITARY TRIBUNALS, held by the ALLIED FORCES OF WORLD WAR 2, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of NAZI GERMANY.– ` • Many took the defense that….. • “They were simply following orders” • Is there a Moral Law higher than Civil Law? • • Some took the suicide route rather than face the Trial-Sentencing Others escaped to South America and Even the U.S.!!! The Nuremberg War Trials: Crimes Against Humanity Japanese War Crimes Trials General Hideki Tojo Bio-Chemical Experiments Japanese War Crimes Trials Alger Hiss Case and the Rosenbergs 21.4 Ike’s New Look Strategy Brinkmanship and the Threat of Nuclear Weopons Korean War Truman Doctrine Policy of Containment The Berlin Wall MacArthur Dismissed and Armistice Korea: The Forgotten War Kruschev and DeStalinization JFD HCL Fidel Castro Robert F Kennedy (RFK) Marin Luther King Nakita Kruschev Chairman Mao Zedong Dwight David Eisenhower Harry Truman Douglas MacArthur John F. Kennedy (JFK) Lyndon B. Johnson The Rosenbergs Richard M. Nixon George C. Marshall Lee Harvey Oswald Francis Gary Powers Sen. Joe McCarthy Joe Stalin Mikhail Gorbechev Ronald Reagan Kim Il Sung- Founder of communist North Korea