USH Unit 3 EXAM Study Guide
In preparation for the Unit 3 Exam, review your class notes and reading notes on
Reconstruction, the Gilded Age, Populism, and the Progressive Age.
Be prepared to identify and understand the significance of each of the following
people, places, events, and key terms.
Gilded Age & Populism
Frederick Jackson Turner
nativism
Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
Crédit Mobilier scandal, 1872
urbanization
political machine
trust
lockout
yellow-dog contract
injunction
National Labor Union
Terence V. Powderly
American Federation of Labor
Homestead Strike, 1892
Eugene Debs
Andrew Carnegie
vertical integration
J.P. Morgan
John D. Rockefeller
horizontal integration
Thomas Edison
industrial statesmen
“spoils system”
Stalwarts
Interstate Commerce Act, 1886
McKinley Tariff Act, 1890
Mary Elizabeth Lease
deflation
Goldbugs
Populist Party Platform, 1892
recall
gold standard
William McKinley
Panic of 1893
“Cross of Gold” Speech, 1896
“Frontier Thesis” 1893
New Immigrants
Gentlemen’s Agreement, 1907
Tweed Ring
graft
laissez faire
collective bargaining
blacklists
Pinkertons
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
Knights of Labor
Haymarket Affair, 1886
Samuel Gompers
Pullman Strike, 1894
Social Darwinism
Gospel of Wealth
U.S. Steel
holding company
Standard Oil Trust
Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890
Horatio Alger myth
robber barons
patronage
Pendleton Civil Service Act, 1883
Interstate Commerce Committee
Populism
Farmers’ Alliance movement
inflation
Free Silverites
initiative
referendum
bimetallism
William Jennings Bryan
Jacob Coxey
Election of 1896
Progressive Age
Theodore Roosevelt
Woodrow Wilson
Jane Addams
settlement house
“good trusts” vs. “bad trusts”
“Three Wings” of Progressive reform
Ida Tarbel
Jacob Riis
The Jungle
Meat Inspection Act, 1906
Sixteenth Amendment 1913
Eighteenth Amendment, 1919
Federal Trade Commission
initiative
recall
Booker T. Washington
Temperance Movement
Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire
Goals of the Progressive Reformers
William Howard Taft
Social Welfare
Social Gospel movement
Hull House
“Square Deal”
muckrakers
Lincoln Steffens
Upton Sinclair
Pure Food and Drug Act, 1906
Clayton Antitrust Act, 1914
Seventeenth Amendment, 1913
Nineteenth Amendment, 1920
Federal Reserve System
referendum
conservation
W.E.B. Du Bois
“Fighting” Bob La Follette
liberalism
Role of Middle Class
USH Unit 3 EXAM Study Guide
Important Concepts: be ready to decribe and explain the following…
1. Turner’s “Frontier Thesis” and the significance of the closing of the American
frontier.
2. The methods used by employers to defeat unions and the tactics used by unions
against their employers.
3. The state of the union movement at the end of the 19th century.
4. The rise of America as a leading industrial economic power.
5. The problems and challenges that resulted from industrialization and urbanization
during the late-1800s and early 1900s?
6. The rise of the anti-trust movement.
7. The major inventions of the late 19th century and the rise of a consumer economy.
8. The symbolism of the Gilded Age.
8. Historical Perspectives of the business leaders of the Gilded Age: Industrial Statesmen
or Robber Barons?
9. The “Forgettable” Presidents of the Gilded Age: Rutherford B. Hayes, James A.
Garfield, Chester A. Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland
10. The major economic factors impacting farmers in the late 19th century.
11. The impact of Industrialization: concentration of wealth, expanding middle class,
working class, working women.
12. The rise and fall of the Populist Party, 1892-1896.
13. Historical Perspectives of Populism: Who were the Populists?
14. The successes and limitations of Progressive Age reformers and the federal
government in bringing about reform at the national level.
15. Historical Perspectives of the Progressive Age: Reform or Reaction?