Who is Muhammad?
According to Islamic faith the last and
greatest prophet.
What was the hijra?
Muhammad’s flight from Mecca to Medina.
What is the sacred text of Islam?
Koran (Qu’ran)
What do Muslims call Christians
and Jews?
People of the Book.
What is the hajj?
Pilgrimage to Mecca.
When do Muslims fast?
During Ramadan.
Muhammad destroyed the idols
in what building?
The Kaaba
Islam started on what peninsula?
Arabian Peninsula
The religion first spread
along trade routes from
Mecca and Medina.
During the 7th thru 12th
centuries Muslim
civilizations spread into
regions of Africa, the
Fertile Crescent, Iran, and
Central Asia.
It was facilitated by
weak Byzantine and
Persian empires.
Islamic Law
Neither the Koran nor the prophet spelled
out the appropriate behavior for all
situations.
The Ulama was given this duty.
The Ulama were
religious scholars who
studied the Koran and
interpreted it as well
as the deeds and
sayings of the prophet.
The Ulama also
developed a full
Islamic legal system
called the Shari’ah.
(in notes from Jan 7)
Islamic law was founded
on these three principles:
(Listed in order of
importance)
1. Koran and the teachings
of Muhammad.
2. Agreement of the
Community.
3. Human reason is the
last resort.
Economy:
Muslims began
minting coins replacing the barter
system.
Also set a standard for
other currencies.
Money exchanges were set up.
These developed into banks.
Letters of credit were given to depositors
and could be exchanged elsewhere.
This is the first checking system.
Language
The Arab language spread
with Islam and helped
trade across Islamic lands.
Religion, Language, and
Trade united the Arabs to
become a united state.
This helped them defeat
their enemies and expand
their empire.