Respiratory Fitness
By All The Boys!
Steve Collins
Laurie Young
Shaun O’Grady
Mark Di Corleto
TODAY
• Today’s lab will include an
- Information session
- Pre-exercise test
- Exercise
- Post exercise test
- Conclusion/Record data
Spirometry
• Spirometry is a method for measuring lung
volumes during ventilation. It’s used to assess
lung function and is particularly helpful for
diagnosing obstructive lung diseases
Lung Volumes
• Is the volume of oxygen in the lungs, and also
includes a series of capacities and flow rates.
Some lung volumes include; vital capacity,
breathing rate, tidal volume and forced
expiratory volume. These volumes can be
helpful in evaluating late phase obstructive
lung diseases such as emphysema, bronchitis
and asthma.
• Vital capacity- the maximal volume of air expelled from the
lungs after maximal inhalation (Spirometer, breath all in/all
out three times and take the average)
• Breathing rate-The number of unconscious breaths in one
minute (with partner count breaths in 15sec and multiply by
4)
• Tidal Volume- The amount of air inspired or expired during a
normal breathing cycle (Using Spirometer, regular in then
regular out)
• Dynamic Lung Volume (FEV)- Maximal exhalation in the
shortest period possible. (Using the Peak flow meter breath in
deeply and then breath out as hard and fast as possible.
• Residual Volume- The amount of oxygen left after forced
expiration
PIKO-6
• While standing up, hold the PIKO 6 with your your right
hand, attach the mouth-piece and turn it on by pressing
“operate”
• Bring the PIKO-6 close to your mouth. When first beep is
heard inhale as much as you can.
• When the second beep is heard, insert the valve into your
mouth and blow as hard as you can until the next
beep.(approximately 6 seconds)
• Keep the PIKO-6 horizontal throughout the test, and be
sure not to cover any of the holes
• The PIKO 6 may show a ‘!’ after breathing into the PIKO 6.
this means there was an error in the testing E.g. The
participant coughed or didnt breath long enough.
Factors determining lung volumes in
individuals
• Age
• Body composition/stature
• Height
• Gender
Asthma
Asthma is a lung disorder that occurs when the smooth muscles
surrounding the small airways and bronchioles of the lungs,
constrict and spasm, restricting the airflow to, and away from
the lungs.
Asthma is triggered by viruses, changes in temperature, exercise,
emotional distress, pet fur, pollution, pollen and dust mites.
Asthma creates, excess mucus on the bronchi and swelling of
internal layers of the bronchi, which, in-turn leads to
shortness of breath, wheezing, tightness of the chest and
increased mucus production.
Asthma Attacks
• An asthma attack, also known as an asthma
episode or flare, is any shortness of breath
which interrupts the asthmatic's well-being
and requires either medication or some other
form of intervention for the asthmatic to
breathe normally again.
Asthma Treatment Plan
Developed by national asthma council
•
•
•
•
1-Assess the severity of the asthma
2-Achieve best lung function
3-Identify and avoid trigger factors
4-Maintain best lung function with optimal medication
5-Know your action plan
6-Check your asthma regularly
Asthma Attack Treatment
1. Sit the person upright, remain and keep them calm, and provide reassurance.
Do not leave person alone.
2. Give 4 puffs of a blue reliever puffer (generally ventolin), one puff at a time
preferably using a volumatic spacer device. Ask the person to take 4 breaths from
the spacer after each puff.
3. Wait 4 minutes.
4. If there is little or no improvement and student is breathless or distressed call an
ambulance immediately (Dial 000). Continue to repeat steps 2 and 3 while waiting
for the ambulance.
Exercise induced Asthma
• Asthma is enhanced during exercise in dry
cold environments.
• During exercise there is increased need for
oxygen, therefore breathing occurs at a faster
rate.
• The airways react to the cold dry air which
causes the muscles around the airways to
contract and harder to breath/perform.
Exercise induced asthma cont.
• The symptoms of this form of asthma include
wheezing, coughing, tightness in chest and
breathlessness
• To prevent or if you feel it coming on cease
exercise and don't begin again until you are
free from symptoms.
Considerations for classroom and
coaching
• Classroom: dust around the classroom and in
the carpet should be cleaned; be aware of
students with animal allergies; and chalk dust
should be used as little as possible.
• Coaching: Know which athletes have asthma;
know their specific treatment plans, choose
training areas carefully relating to grass types
and potential risk to sparking allergies.
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a
lung disease where the airways become
narrowed. this leads to limited air-flow to and
from the lungs creating shortness of breath.
• COPD categories:
• MILD COPD: 60-80%
• MODERATE COPD: 40-59%
• SEVERE COPD: below 40%
Emphysema
• Caused by smoking, emphysema is characterised by the destruction
of lung tissue supporting the alveoli and capillaries feeding the
alveoli. This causes shortness of breath due to an inability of the
lungs to carry on the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
• It can not be cured because lung tissue can not be regenerated, but
its progression can be slowed or stopped, with reversal or ceasing
of activities that encourage the disease.
Results
Each member of the group will now need to
record their height, vital capacity, breathing
rate and FEV/VC ratio; and then make their
way out onto the basketball court.
The four people participating in further research
for the lab will need to come to us for a quick
brief on the testing session.