Slides by Coach Murray
Images: Various Sources
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Distinguish anatomy and physiology
Explain what anatomical position is
Recall and contrast basic anatomical terms
Use anatomical terms to describe body
sections, regions, and relative positions
Identify the major body cavities and their
subdivisions
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Anatomy – translated as “a cutting open”
◦ Meaning = study of internal and external structures
AND the physical relationship among parts
◦ To summarize: names of parts, location, how they
are related
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Physiology
◦ Meaning = study of how living organisms perform
their vital functions
◦ To summarize: exactly how they do what they do
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List From Simplest to Most Complex
Tell Me
Hint to start: smallest stable units of matter,
then smallest unit of life and up
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Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Pg 9 – Major Organ list in
Fig 1-2 names the parts,
Function is summarized
physiology
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Lymphatic
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
Pg 10 – Same thing on
next page
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Is maintaining a stable internal environment
when exposed to harsh external environment
Is way more complex than shivering when
cold or sweating when you are hot
Can involve multiple organs and sometimes
multiple systems and can spans all biological
organization
Sidenote: Do not get bogged down in
memorizing this physiology in the text pgs
11-14
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Cranial (Cephalic)
Caudal
Anterior
Posterior (Dorsal)
Ventral
Superior
Inferior
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Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal
Superficial
Deep
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A “plane” is an axis, you need 3 to describe a
3D object (See Fig 1-9)
To observe internal structures we refer to
these three different planes or “slices”
through the body (pg 20)
◦ 1. Sagittal
◦ 2. Transverse
◦ 3. Frontal (or coronal)
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Review Table 1-4 pg 20 Write yourself a
detailed description for each of the 3 planes
◦ 1. Sagittal
◦ 2. Transverse
◦ 3. Frontal (or coronal)
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Are Internal
chambers that
house organs
Protect from
shock/bumps
Allow organs to
change size
2 “major cavities”
◦ Dorsal and Ventral
◦ House all others
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Within the Dorsal Cavity
◦ Cranial and Spinal
◦ Are 2 separate cavities
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Within the Ventral Cavity
1. Thoracic Cavity (chest)
 Pleural cavities (2) – L& R: 1 cavity for each lung
 Mediastinum – contains pericardial – supports esophagus,
trachea, thymus, heart blood vessels
 Pericardial cavity – contains heart
2. Abdominopelvic Cavity (diaphragm to pelvis)
 Abdominal cavity – liver, stomach, spleen, small intestine,
most of large intestine
 Pelvic cavity – reproductive, bladder, distal large intestine
 Peritoneal cavity
 Parietal peritoneum
 Visceral peritoneum
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Read 4-10
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Read 15-18
◦ Introduction to Studying the Human Body
◦ Relationship b/w Anatomy & Physiology
◦ Levels of Organization
◦ Frames of Reference & Superficial Anatomy
◦ Sectional Anatomy
 Planes and Sections
◦ Body Cavities
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Read and Study Table 1-3 pg 19
All future assignments after 8/22 will be posted
online:
◦ http://murraysanatomy.wikispaces.com/ANNOUCEMENTS
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Q: What is anatomical position?
A: Standing erect, face forward, arms at side,
palms facing forward
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Supine – lying down, facing up in anatomical
position
Prone – lying face down, facing down in
anatomical position
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Regions are more broad than landmarks
Used professionally to describe general areas
of interest
Abdomen and Pelvis using
◦ Abdominopelvic Quadrants – Fig 1-7a
◦ Abdominopelvic Regions – Fig 1-7b
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Cephalic
Cervical
Thoracic
Brachial
Antebrachial
Carpal
Manual
Abdominal
Lumbar
Gluteal
Pelvic
Pubic
Inguinal
Femoral
Crural
Sural
Tarsal
Pedal
Plantar
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Levels of Organization
Anatomical Position
Landmarks
Regions and Quadrants
Directional Terms
Sectional Planes
Body Cavities
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Table 1-2 pg 17 Body Regions
Fig 1-7 pg 17 Abdominopelvic Quadrants and
Regions
Table 1-3 pg 19 Directional Terms
Fig 1-9 and Table 1-9 pg 20 Sectional Planes
Fig 1-10 pg 21 – Ventral Body
Cavities/Subdivisions