THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR 1642-1651 WAS
CAUSED
BY
MANY
UNPOPULAR
POLITICAL DECISIONS OF CHARLES 1st
EXECUTED IN 1649 BY OLIVER CROMWELL
WHO MADE A REPUBLIC AND BECAME
LORD PROTECTOR.
 CHARLES 2nd, THE SON OF CHARLES 1st,
ESTABLISHED
THE
MONARCHY
IN
ENGLAND IN 1660.

The English Bourgeois Revolution may be
divided into three periods:
 1 The Eve of the Revolution (1642);
 2. The Civil War (1642-1649);
 3. The Formation of the Commonwealth
and the Protectorate under Oliver
Cromwell which lasted until his death in
1660.
THE PURITANS
WERE OFTEN CALLED THE
ROUNDHEADS.
 PURITANISM WAS A FANATICAL MOVEMENT.
ITS PURPOSE WAS TO PURIFY THE CHURCH OF
ENGLAND OF ALL ROMAN CATHOLIC INFLUENCE.
THEY BANNED ORGANS IN CHURCHES AND
SIMPLIFIED ALL CHURCH RITUALS.
THE PURITANS KILLED THE PRIESTS AS THE
MEDIATORS BETWEEN MAN AND GOD.
THEY CLOSED ALL THE THEATRES AS CENTRES OF
DISORDER AND IMMORALITY.
THE PURITANS WORE BLACK HATS AND CLOTHES
AND CONDEMNED AMUSEMENT AS A SINFUL
WASTE OF TIME.





THE POPULATION DIVIDED INTO ROYALISTS AND
ROUNDHEADS.
POLITICAL LITERATURE APPEARED:THERE WERE
LEAFLETS AND PAMPHLETS. LEAFLETS REPORTED THE
EVENTS AND PAMPHLETS EXPLAINED THE EVENTS TO
THE POPULATION.
JOURNALISM CAME TO START.
THE
PROCEEDINGS
OF
THE
SESSIONS
OF
PARLIAMENT
WERE
PRINTED
IN
‘DIURNALS’(JOURNALS IN OLD FRENCH). THE
‘DIURNALS’ CONTAINED THE DAILY INFORMATION
OF THE PROCEEDINGS. PERIODICAL POLITICAL
PRESS SPRANG UP.

RICHARD LOVELACE (1618-1658),

A REAL FIGHTER OF THE REVOLUTION IN ENGLAND
WAS JOHN LILLBURNE, A DISTINGUISHED PUBLICIST
A STAUNCH
SUPPORTER OF CHARLES 1st AND A SUCCESSOR OF BEN
JANSON, WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S CLOSE FRIEND. HE
WROTE SHORT AND GRACEFUL VERSE AND SPENT ALL HIS
MONEY IN SUPPORT OF THE KING.
OF THAT TIME. HE FOUGHT FOR EQUAL RIGHTS FOR ALL
PEOPLE. HE PROCLAIMED THE IDEA OF A DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC THAT SHOULD BE BASED ON A FREE
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE POPULATION AND THE
GOVERNMENT.
 MOST OF HIS WORKS WERE WRITTEN IN THE TOWER. HIS
PAMPHLET “THE AGREEMENT OF THE PEOPLE” APPEARED
IN 1647.

JOHN MILTON – THE GREATEST OF ALL PUBLICISTS
DURING THE PURITAN REVOLUTION
- HIS WORKS AND PAMPHLETS GAVE
THEORETICAL FOUNDATION TO THE STRUGGLE OF
THE BOURGEOISIE AGAINST THE MONARCHY
- HE BECAME THE MAIN IDEOLOGIST
OF THAT TIME