Nervous System Clicker Questions The afferent and efferent axons together form the A. Central nervous system B. Autonomic division of the nervous system C. Somatic motor division of the nervous system D. Peripheral nervous system E. Visceral nervous system Autonomic neurons are further subdivided into the A. Visceral and somatic divisions B. Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions C. Central and peripheral divisions D. Visceral and enteric divisions E. Somatic and enteric divisions Processes or appendages that are part of neurons include A. Axons B. Dendrites C. Neuroglia D. A and B E. A, B and C Functional categories of neurons include A. Afferent neurons B. Sensory neurons C. Interneurons D. Efferent neurons E. All of these are included as functional categories of neurons Graded potentials A. Produce an effect that increases with distance from the point of stimulation B. Produce an effect that spreads actively across the entire membrane surface C. May involve either depolarization or hyperpolarization D. Are all-or-none E. All of the above Resting membrane potential changes are important in A. Neurons. B. muscle cells. C. In all kinds of different types of cells. D. Both A and B are correct. The principal cause of early repolarization of a nerve fiber after an adequate stimulus has been applied is: A. B. C. D. E. An increase in the diffusion of K+ into the neuron An increase in the diffusion of Na+ out of the neuron An increase in the diffusion of Na+ into the neuron An increase in the diffusion of K+ out of the neuron A decrease in the diffusion of Na+ into the neuron A(n) ________ functions to passively move ions across a membrane against the direction of their active transport. A. Pump B. Leak gate C. Symporter D. Antiporter E. Exchanger When it becomes harder for the neuron to fire, is has become: A. Refracted B. Polarized C. Hyperpolarized D. Depolarized E. Repolarized Tom’s father suffers a stroke that leaves him partially paralyzed on his right side. What type of glial cell would you expect to find in increased numbers in the damaged area of the brain that is affected by the stroke? A. Astrocytes B. Oligodendrocytes C. Schwann cells D. Ependymal cells E. Microglia Starting with the arrival of the AP at the terminal of a motor neuron and ending with the beginning of an EPSP which of the following is a correct temporal sequence? A. vesicle fusion inward Ca2+ current transmitter exocytosis synaptic delay postsynaptic channel opens transmitter binds to postsynaptic receptor B. Inward Ca2+ current vesicle fusion postsynaptic channels open transmitter exocytosis synaptic delay NT binds to postsynaptic receptor C. Inward Ca2+ current vesicle fusion transmitter exocytosis transmitter binds to postsynaptic receptor postsynaptic channel opens D. transmitter binds to postsynaptic receptor postsynaptic channel opens hydrolysis of transmitter postsynaptic channel closes When an adequate stimulus is applied to an axon A. The amplitude of the AP is directly proportional to the strength of the applied stimulus B. The amplitude of the AP is inversely proportional to the strength of the applied stimulus C. The speed of the nerve impulse conduction is inversely proportional to the diameter of the nerve fiber D. The amplitude of the AP does not vary with the strength of the stimulus E. The first gate to open is the Na+ inactivation gate The general adaptation syndrome is activated by the: Hypothalamus B. Adrenal gland C. Pituitary gland D. Thyroid gland E. Epinephrine release A. The hormone released from the hypothalamus in response to stressful stimuli is A. Thyrotropin releasing hormone B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone C. Gonadotropin releasing hormone D. Cortisol E. Corticotropin releasing hormone The target tissue of ACTH is the A. Thymus gland B. Parathyroid gland C. Medulla of the adrenal gland D. Cortex of the adrenal gland E. Beta cells of the pancreas The hormones secreted from the adrenal medulla complement the action of the A. Sensory nervous system B. Central nervous system C. Sympathetic nervous system D. External nervous system E. Parasympathetic nervous system Which of the following is NOT a regulatory function of Cortisol? A. Immunoregulation B. Regulate blood pressure C. Mobilizes glycogen catabolism from the liver D. Increases muscle anabolism E. Mobilization of amino acids and lipids into the plasma from cellular origins What is the name of the researcher in the move about stress? A. Dr. Watson B. Dr. Selye C. Dr. Sapolski D. Dr. Kavorkian True/False Baboons who are in the lowest levels of their social hierarchy have a greater risk of arteriosclerosis. A. True B. False True/False Being an alpha male decreases stress hormone levels? A. True B. False Does stress affect work performance? A. Yes B. No C. Scientifically can’t be proven Which hormone is responsible for the majority of symptoms a person experiences due to stress? A. ACTH B. Epinephrine C. Cortisol D. Both B and C What happened to the level of stress after the monkey troop contracted tuberculosis? A. The level of stress went up B. The level of stress went down C. There was not change in the level of stress in the monkey troo Which of the following are most likely to be affected by an increase in stress levels? A. The person’s sleep cycle B. Memory storage and recall C. The immune response D. All of the above are affected Which of the following are the strongest predictors of stress? A. Unpredictability in the work place B. Lack of control in one’s life C. Lack of social/emotional ties D. All of the above