Unit 2 - East meets West:


Today we’re going to discover how the
Japanese Tokugawa clan created a system that maintained peace for over
250 years – the “Greater Peace”

The period is also called the Edo Period


Civil war

“Warring states”


1603 Ieyasu Tokugawa took power

Power shifted to Edo (Tokyo), the home of the Tokugawa family

Tokugawa leader is the
Shogun

Shogun is supreme warlord


Sakoku (locked or chained country) 1633-
1853

Japanese forbidden to leave: death penalty!

Foreigners banned

Dutch and Chinese traded at Nagasaki

Christianity banned

Long term impact – only 1% Christians in
Japan today

Compared with…Korea 50%, Philippines 90%


The Emperor
- figurehead ruler
- safely hidden in Kyoto

The bakufu = Japan’s system of government during the Tokugawa period,
- based on a military leader, the Shogun
- controlled foreign policy

Tokugawa leader is the Shogun
- this clan owned 20% of Japan
- lived in Edo
- had the power to reassign Daimyo


Baku-Han = the division of power between the Shogun and the Daimyo

Daimyo = feudal lord. He ruled an region or han of
Japan


Daimyo lords ruled over 250 regions
(han)

They had great autonomy; however…

Alternate attendance: the system of compulsory residence by the Daimyo in Edo during alternate years.


Personal loyalty to emperor, daimyo, family

Four class system – samurai, farmers, craftsmen, merchants

1.9 million Samurai

Strict rules for each class
Define Feudalism :

Color in the Samurai and higher tiers in one color , and lower tiers than Samurai in another color

Who was based in Kyoto?

Who was based in Edo (Tokyo)?


What do they look like?

How do they dress?

What are their jobs?

What power do they have?


Duty to one’s Daimyo

Virtue: reckless bravery
 fierce clan pride
 looked forward to a glorious death

“There is no nation in the world which fears death less." – Francis Xavier

"The pen and the sword in accord."
(harmony of fighting and learning)

 a period of peace
 became administrators and bureaucrats
 still had right to cut down any commoner for offending their honour
 unemployed ronin – a social problem
 bushido- culturally important


Baku-han- shogun has national authority, daimyo have regional authority

Four class system

Samurai loyalty to Daimyo

Seclusion Policy


Go to the ‘T’ Chart document:
Similarities and Differences between
Japan and China
– and make notes for yourself…