CELL CYCLE
BOOKLET
GETTING STARTED
Using 2 pieces of paper, create a
booklet
Feel free to take artistic liberty as to
how to create the booklet.
Cover Page
Title (Cell Cycle), your name, period and
date
PAGE 1
(INSIDE)
A diagram of the Cell Cycle including:
A definition of the cell cycle
Define and label as part of your
diagram:
Interphase: G1, S, and G2
Mitosis (What is it? Don’t worry about the
specific steps here.)
Cytokinesis
(Alligator Text Pg. 134, Zebra Text Pg. 246)
PAGES 2-5
In order:
Alligator Book – Page 141
Prophase
Zebra Book – page 249
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telephase/Cytokinesis
For Each Phase:
Draw a labeled diagram
Thoroughly explain the events of each
stage underneath the labeled diagram.
THE CELL CYCLE
A FORM OF CELLULAR
REPRODUCTION
WHAT IS THE CELL CYCLE?
A series of steps showing the
formation of 2 cells from a single
cell
3 main steps:
1. Interphase (carrying out the cell’s
normal activities)
2. Mitosis (nuclear division)
3. Cytokinesis (cytoplasm division)
CELL CYCLE
INTERPHASE
 The longest phase of the cell
cycle
 G 1 Phase: The cell is carrying
out everyday activities
* As the cell grows larger, it must divide or it
may die.
INTERPHASE CONTINUED…
 S-phase: Chromosomes
replicate themselves (copy DNA)
 G 2 phase: The rest of the cell’s
organelles are reproduced;
critical checkpoint
MITOSIS: NUCLEAR DIVISION
Mitosis is considered nuclear
division because the steps refer
to the contents of the nucleus.
4 steps:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
*White
Boards:
Draw a chromosome and
label chromatid,
centromere, telomere
Chromatin
• Present during G1, S, &
G2 (interphase)
• Carries genetic info
• Looks like noodles –
condenses to form
chromosomes
Chromosome
• Present during M (cell
division)
• Carries genetic info
• Coiled up so that it
looks like an “X”
Chromatid
• Present during M (cell
division)
• Carries genetic info
• ½ a chromosome (pulls
apart during Anaphase)
*All are made of DNA
VOCABULARY
Chromatin –
loose combo of DNA and proteins
(condenses to form chromosomes)
Chromosome –
continuous thread of DNA consisting of
numerous genes and regulatory info (X
shape)
Chromatid –
one half of the chromosome
VOCABULARY CONTINUED…
Centromere –
Where spindle fibers attach (center)
Telomere –
Repeating nucleotide at the ends of DNA
molecules that don’t form genes, but help
prevent loss of genes by not allowing
chromosomes to attach to each other.
Centrioles –
Small cylinder shaped organelles made of
protein tubes. Aids in mitosis.
PROPHASE
Nuclear membrane
disintegrates
Nucleolus disappears
Chromosomes
condense
Spindle fibers begin to
form at poles
METAPHASE
*Middle
Chromosomes
(Chromatid pairs)
attach to spindle
fiber and line up
along the equator
of the cell
ANAPHASE
*Away
Chromatid pairs
separate and
move in opposite
directions
Spindle fibers
contract pulling
them toward the
poles
TELOPHASE
Cell begins to
separate
Nuclei begin to
reappear
Spindle fibers
disappear
CYTOKINESIS
The process of cytoplasm division
that results in 2 genetically
identical daughter cells
Plant cells form a cell plate in
addition to daughter cells dividing
QUESTION
If a cell containing 46
chromosomes undergoes mitosis,
how many chromosomes does
each of its daughter cells
contain?
46
NATIONAL
GEOGRAPHIC
ARTICLE
http://www.
youtube.com
/watch?v=s1
ylUTbXyWU
CELL CYCLE
REGULATION
GROWTH FACTORS
A broad group of proteins that
stimulate cell division
Cells grow and divide in response
to a combination of growth
factors
RED LIGHT!
Question: What’s the purpose of
a stoplight?
Regulates traffic through a particular
area
Similarly, proteins called cyclins and
enzymes regulate the cell cycle
ABNORMAL CELL CYCLE:
CANCER
The uncontrolled growth and division
of cells (a failure in the regulation of the cell
cycle)
Cancer cells divide more often than healthy
cells and may form tumors
Sometimes cancer cells break away from
the tumor.
They can be carried in the blood stream to
other parts of the body where they form new
tumors.
WHY ARE TUMORS
HARMFUL?
Cancer cells do not perform the
specialized needs of the body
Examples:
Cancer cells in the lungs do not exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide
Cancer cells in the brain do not produce the
electrical messages needed to interpret
information
Cancer cells can exert pressure on surrounding
organs