Ch13/14 Study Guide
Musculoskeletal, Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
13.2
Words to know: skeleton, vertebrae, joint, ligament, cartilage, compact bone, spongy bone, marrow
Things to think about:
 What is the purpose of a skeleton?
 What is the hole in the vertebrae for?
 Can you name the 4 types of joints we learned about and give an example? (Use your FLIP BOOK to
study!)
 What are the three layers in bone?
13.3
Words to know: involuntary and voluntary muscle. Cardiac, smooth and skeletal muscle
Things to think about:
 What’s the difference between involuntary and voluntary muscles?
 Do you know what the bones, ligaments, tendons and muscles do? (Use the LEG MODEL we built
to help you study)
 Could you tell me about skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles? (Hint: Some types of muscle act
quickly others act slowly. Some muscles tire quickly while others last a long time. )
 Why do muscles work in pairs? (Think about moving the CHICKEN LEG in our LAB)
13.4
Words to know: force, lever, fulcrum, mechanical advantage
Things to think about:
 What is the advantage to using levers? (Think Cherio Lab!)
 What body parts do we have that act as levers?
 BONUS: Can you tell me which class of lever? 1/2/3?
14.1
Words to know: cardiovascular system, heart, atrium, ventricle, pacemaker, valve, artery, capillary, vein,
aorta, pulse, blood pressure
Things to think about:
 Can you locate and name all the parts of the heart? (Think Cow Heart Dissection and Frog Heart
Virtual Dissection)
 What is the heart’s job? Which side of the heart is stronger? Why?
 What makes your BPM (beats per minute) increase or decrease? (Think Heart Rate Lab)
 What type of tube takes blood away from the heart? Towards the heart?
14.2
Words to know: Plasma, red blood cell, white blood cell, platelet
Things to think about:
 What are the 4 main components of blood? What are their “jobs”?
14.3
Words to know: nose, pharynx (throat), trachea, bronchus, lung, BONUS: Aveoli
Things to think about:
 Can you describe the path that a molecule of oxygen takes as it moves from the air outside your
body and into your lungs?
 How do you breathe? Explain how the diaphragm and rib cage work together with the lungs
(Think about our model!)