Ms. Wood
4 layers
 Crust
 Mantle
 Outer core
 Inner core
Inner Core
 Solid
 Dense ball of solid metal (definition)
 Made of iron and nickel
 2,000 – 5,000 degrees Celsius (as hot as the surface of
the sun)
 Between 5150 km and 6371 km below surface of the
Earth
Outer Core
 Liquid
 Molten metal that surrounds
inner core (definition)
 Made of iron and nickel
 2,000 – 5,000 degrees Celsius
(as hot as the surface of the
sun)
 2,900 km to 5150 km below
the surface of the Earth
Mantle
 Solid layer of hot rock
(definition)
 Lithosphere – uppermost
part of the mantle; 109
km thick
 Asthenosphere- layer of
mantle below
lithosphere that is soft
and flows slowly
 Solid mantle below
asthenosphere
Mantle cont.
 Composed of silicon, oxygen, iron, and
magnesium
 Starts at 5 -40 km below surface; extends to 2,900
km
 2,200 degrees Celsius
Crust
 Layer of rock that forms
Earth’s outer skin
(definition)
 Thinnest under the
ocean and thickest under
mountains
 Two types:
 Continental
 Oceanic
Crust continued
 Between 5 km and 4 km
 Potassium
thick/deep (avg 32km)
 Composed of:
 Magnesium
 Oxygen
 Silicon
 Aluminum
 Calcium
 Iron
 Sodium
Earth’s Layers Info
 As you get deeper into the Earth, the pressure and
temperature increase
 Geologists – scientists who study the forces that make
and shape Earth
 Magnetic field –
 Currents in liquid outer core force inner core to spin
 This creates a bar magnet
 Magnetic poles are near geographic poles, but aren’t the
same
 This is how a compass works