Cell Theory,
Cells Structure/Function,
Active/Passive Transport, &
Photosynthesis/Cell Respiration
TEST REVIEW!
Test is on Friday, January 22 nd

What are the 3 parts to the cell theory?
• All living things are made of one or more cells.
• The cell is the smallest unit of life.
• All new cells come from pre-existing cells.
• *The cell theory was developed by observations from several scientists.

What scientists contributed to the cell theory?
• Robert Hooke
• Matthias Schleiden
• Theodor Schwann
• Rudolf Virchow
• Zacharias Jansen
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek

• Rigid, outermost structure that protects the plant
• Controls what goes in and out of the cell: _________
• Gel-like material that holds cell organelles: ________
• Brain of the cell, controls functions: ______________

• Found in the nucleus, produces ribosomes: ________
•
Nuclear
Controls what goes in and out of the nucleus: ______
• In plant cells, used during photosynthesis: ________
• Receives, packages, and transports protein: _______

• Produces energy for the cell: _____________
• Contains DNA & carries genetic info: ________
• Produces proteins: ___________
• Pathways with ribosomes: _____________

• Pathways without ribosomes: ____________
• Break down large food particles: __________
• Involved with cell division: _______________
• Storage area, holds water, wastes, food:

1
9
10 8
7
5
6
2
3
4

4
2
1
3
9
7
8
5 6

What are the differences between plant and animal cells?
• Plant cells: chloroplasts and cell wall
• Animal cells: lysosomes and centrioles
• Plant cells: square; Animal cells: round
• Vacuole is bigger in the plant cell and the animal cell has many smaller vacuoles.

What are the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
• Eukaryotes = nucleus
• Prokaryotes = no nucleus
• (Hint: pro rhymes with no, so no nucleus in prokaryotes)

What does it mean to be “selectively permeable”?
• Some substances can pass through, while others cannot pass through.

How do molecules move in passive transport?
• Passive transport: move from high to low concentration (no energy – going downhill)

How do molecules move in active transport?
• Active transport: move from low to high concentration (needs energy – going uphill)

What are three examples of passive transport?
• Diffusion
• Osmosis
• Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.

Facilitated Diffusion is a type of diffusion that uses special transport proteins (channel & carrier proteins).

What are two examples of Active
Transport?
1. Endocytosis
2. Exocytosis

Endocytosis is the cell taking in a substance.
(Endo  enter) Engulfing is an example of this.

Exocytosis is the process during which a cell’s vesicles release their contents outside the cell.
(Exo  exit)

Interpret active and passive transport diagrams:
Active Transport: low to high concentration
Shows the substances moving
Equilibrium has been reached, an even amount on each side

Interpret active and passive transport diagrams:
Passive Transport – high to low concentration, going downhill, using no energy.
Active Transport – low to high concentration, going uphill, using energy.

Interpret active and passive transport diagrams:
This is an example of endocytosis.
An amoeba is engulfing a white blood cell.

Interpret active and passive transport diagrams:
This is an example of equilibrium. Over time, the molecules become evenly dispersed above and below the cell membrane.

Interpret active and passive transport diagrams:
This is an example of facilitated diffusion because of the special transport proteins.

• A series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a useable form of energy called ATP.

• A series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into the food-energy molecule glucose and gives off oxygen.

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
Write the equation for cellular respiration:
C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
-----> 6CO
2
+ 6H
2
0 + energy (ATP)
( sugar) (oxygen) (carbon dioxide) (water)
Reactants Products

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis:
Reactants Products

In what cell structure does photosynthesis occur?
• Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts.

In what cell structure does cellular respiration occur?
1 st stage: Cytoplasm
2 nd stage: Mitochondria

Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down into smaller molecules.

Fermentation is a reaction cells can use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low.

• Lactic Acid Fermentation:
C
6
H
12
O
6
 ATP + Lactic Acid
Reactants Products
• Alcohol Fermentation:
C
6
H
12
O
6
 ATP + CO
2
+ Alcohol
Reactants Products

• Complete the study guide and earn up to FIVE extra credit points!
• Get your study guide checked by Ms. Magan or
Mrs. Caiola.
• Play any of the review games on Ms. Magan’s or
Mrs. Caiola’s webpage.
Good luck and come see Ms. Magan or Mrs. Caiola with any questions!!!   