Nature and the Environment
Dr. Janet Sio 邵婉瑜
IELTS Preparatory Course:
Listening and Spoken English
Fujian Normal University
Tongue Twister Review
Betty Botter bought a bit of bitter butter
Which made her batter bitter
But a bit of better butter
Makes better batter
So Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter
Making her bitter batter better.
FNU Language Enhancement 20122013
RL pronunciation and practice
• gill
• will
• hill
girl
whirl
hurl
• twill
• wool
• cull
twirl
world
curl
1. Those are some funny girls.
2. We sure live in an interesting world.
3. That company finds some of the biggest pearls.
4. The wind was so loud it sounded like a whirlwind.
RL review
Part 1: Which do you hear?
a. twirl
b. twill
a. wool
b. world
a.girl
b. gill
a. hurl
b. hill
Part 2: Do you hear L or RL?
• air pollution
Types of Pollution
• water pollution
• litter/solid waste pollution
• noise pollution
Types of Pollution
• air pollution (car exhaust, coal dust, sand, smoking, carbon
emissions)
• water pollution (industrial waste, sewage, acid rain)
• litter/solid waste pollution (plastic bags, styrofoam boxes,
disposable chopsticks, landfill)
• noise pollution (traffic, construction)
• greenhouse effect/global warming (温室效应, 全球变暖)
Video: R-E-C-Y-C-L-E
R-E-S-P-E-C-T
Compost
What is sustainability? (可持续)
“the capacity and ability to support, maintain or endure”
What is a sustainable society?
A sustainable society is one which:
• can provide for and manage its
population and economy now, while
maintaining an environment that will
be healthy for future generations.
A sustainable society must…
• provide all of its people with enough
good food and shelter, clean water
and air.
Shanghai skyline
A sustainable society must…
• meet the needs of its people without
destroying the earth’s Natural Capital.
Wu Yi
Mountains
Natural?
Natural Capital?
Capital?
Autumn Maple Trees,
Toronto
Summer Banyan Trees,
Fuzhou
Natural Capital Resources
• Resources are anything obtained from
the environment to meet plant, animal
and human needs.
• Primary resources are: air, water, soil,
energy and minerals.
Resources: Perpetual and
Renewable
• Perpetual: renewed
continuously on a
human scale
Changjiang Ao Windfarm,
Pingtan
Resources: Perpetual and
Renewable
• Renewable: can be
replenished fairly
quickly on a human
scale
Christmas tree farm
Resources: Non-renewable
• Non-renewable: exist in essentially
fixed quantities on the earth;
Open pit mine, Australia
Natural Capital Resources
• Perpetual
• Renewable
• Non-Renewable
Using the following photographs, state which kind of resource each of these
are:
Solar Power: perpetual
Coal: non renewable
Natural Capital Resources
• Perpetual
• Renewable
• Non-Renewable
Oil: non-renewable
Wind Power: perpetual
Forests: renewable
Natural Capital Resources
• Perpetual
• Renewable
• Non-Renewable
Natural gas: non-renewable
Geothermal: perpetual
Hydro power: renewable
Sustainable living
• Humans are the only species on earth
to deplete and waste natural capital (no
such thing as “waste” in nature!)
• Sustainable living does not use nonrenewable resources.
• Sustainable living uses renewable
resources only at the rate at which they
can be replaced.
Use “sustainable” or
“sustainability” in a sentence
FNU Language Enhancement 20122013
“Too many/much and not enough”
Pollution
type
Air
Water
Solid Waste
Noise
Acid rain
Greenhouse
effect
Cause
Solutions
Too much/many ____
and not enough ____
should verb more/less
Tiger Leaping Gorge:
“Waking the Green Tiger”
Chinese Environmental Organizations
Global Village Beijing: http://www.gvbchina.org.cn/
• Green Earth Volunteers: http://eng.greensos.cn
Green Watershed: http://www.greenwatershed.org/
China Environmental Protection Foundation
http://www.cepf.org.cn
曲 格平 (Qu GePing, Former Environment Protection
Minister of China)
THE DIRECTORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL
ORGANIZATIONS & ENVIRONMENTAL
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES IN CHINA
http://earthdirectory.net/china
Project #2 Score sheet
Trip Description (12)
Hometowns(6)
Directions (7)
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Q.1 Q.2
Q.3
Q.4 Q.5
1 2 1 2 1 23 1 21 2 3
Q # Q.1 Q.2 Q.3 Q # Prep
1 2 1 2 1 2
Pronun Clarity
1 2 1 2 3
1 2