Name: KEY
Chapter 4 Study Guide (if you know this stuff you WILL ace the test!)
1. Explain two important things that came from the Compromise of 1850.
California became a free state, the Fugitive Slave Act
2. How was the Kansas-Nebraska Act linked to popular sovereignty?
States should be able to vote on if they want to be a free or slave state. Kansas was the first state to be able to
choose what they wanted to be.
3. Explain who Dred Scott is and his significance to the lead up to the Civil War.
Dred Scott is a slave from Missouri (slave state) who then moved to Illinois and Wisconsin (free states) with his
master. He sued for freedom saying that since he was living in a free state that he should be free. The Supreme
Court said that since he was property of his master that he had no legal rights to sue. This technically made
every state a slave state because a person that owned a slave in Alabama could technically move to New York
and bring the slaves with him without granting them freedom.
4. Why was John Brown looked at as a martyr for the anti-slavery cause?
He wanted to lead a slave rebellion. His plan failed and he was executed for his actions. People saw him as a
hero for fighting for the abolitionist movement.
5. What happened not even a week after Lincoln was elected president, and what ripple effect did that
have?
South Carolina left the Union. Others then soon followed.
6. When the South left the Union what did they call themselves?
The Confederate States of America
7. What was specifically mentioned in the Confederate constitution?
Slavery
8. Who was the first president of the Confederacy?
Jefferson Davis
9. Where did the start of the Civil War start?
Fort Sumter
10. Which states are the Border States?
Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware
11. Which border state may have been most vital for the Union to secure? Why?
Maryland because if it left the Union then Washington D.C. (the nation’s capital) would surrounded by
Confederate territory.
12. What were the main goals of the North and the South?
North: Keep the Union together; South: protect slavery as it is
13. What advantages did the South have in the war? Name two
They were fighting on their home turf, they had the best generals leading their men
14. What advantages did the North have in the war? Name two
They had a much larger population, they were more industrialized, they had a better railroad system
15. Which battle ended both sides’ hopes of a short war?
Battle of Shiloh
16. The bloodiest day of the war occurred at what battle?
Battle of Antietam
17. What roles did African Americans and slaves play in the war?
Escaped slaves served as guides, build forts, and drive wagons. Both slaves and free African Americans helped
serve in the Union army.
18. What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
Freed slave people in all areas that were under rebellion
19. Describe daily life for a soldier at camp?
Rather boring. Camp was full of diseases. They practiced battle drills and formations, wrote letters home,
played cards, and baseball
20. Who were Copperheads and why were they named that?
These were northern Democrats (peace Democrats) who were against the war effort. Their propaganda
seriously hurt the war effort in the North.
21. Which battle is considered Lee’s greatest victory? Why is that?
Battle of Chancellorsville because he was outnumbered and had to use trickery to surprise the Union army
22. Which battle occurred in southern Pennsylvania? Who won?
Gettysburg, the Union
23. Where is Vicksburg located? What might be the significance of capturing that town?
It is in Mississippi along the Mississippi River. The Union could control the river.
24. What is important to know about the 13th Amendment?
It ended slavery once and for all
25. Which came first, the official end of the war or the assassination of Abraham Lincoln?
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
26. Who became president after Lincoln’s death?
Andrew Johnson
27. What were black codes? What was the intent of their creation?
Black codes gave freedmen certain rights. The intent was to keep freedmen in a dependent position
28. Name a terrorist group formed during this time who terrorized African Americans.
Ku Klux Klan
29. What is the purpose of the 14th amendment?
Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States
30. What does the 15th amendment protect?
Protected voting rights of African American males
31. What is a scalawag?
White southerners who supported changes in the South
32. What is a carpetbagger? Why were they named that?
These were northerners who moved to the South to take part in the economic rebirth. They are named after the
type of bag that they used to move their goods
33. What are the differences between share cropping and tenant farming?
You plant a crop on someone’s land and then when you harvest the crop you share part of your crop. In tenant
farming you rent the land up front and whatever you grow you can keep it all
34. Why were people growing tired of Reconstruction? Give two examples.
Army was still in the South, government officials corrupt, African Americans unhappy with their poverty and
lack of reform
35. Do you believe Reconstruction was a success or failure? Explain your answer.
This is their own opinion.
ALSO KNOW WHERE THE BORDER STATES ARE ON THE MAP!!!! AND KNOW A FEW STATES
FROM EACH SIDE OF THE WAR!!!!