Course Syllabus AP Human Geography Text: De Blij, H.J., Alexander B. Murphy and Erin H. Fouberg. Human Geography: People, Place and Culture. 9th Ed. New York: John Wiley, 2009. Wood, Ethel, AP Human Geography: A Study Guide. Reading Pennsylvania: WoodYard Publications, 2007 Supplemental Text Rubenstein, James M. The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2008. Recommended Study Guide: Kaplan 2010 (2009 Possibly available online) http://books.google.com/books?id=HgiZuboqBf0C&dq=kaplan+ap+human+ Course Planner Weekly Schedule: Day 1: Overview: Concept and ID’s Day 2: Interactive Lesson Day 3: Applied Knowledge (class activity) Day 4: Review Day 5: Quiz (ID’s FRQ) Human Geography can be broken into seven major topics. The following is the pacing guide for the class. Geography: It’s Nature and Perspectives (3 weeks) Population: (5 weeks) Cultural Patterns and Processes (6 weeks) Political Organization of Space (5 weeks) Agricultural and Rural Land Use (4 weeks) Industrialization and Economic Development (4 weeks) Cities and Urban Land Use (4 weeks) Review for Exam Process Each week concepts will be correlated with the appropriate vocabulary, data and statistics. This will be reinforced with classroom activities, projects, group learning and lecture. Exam Preparation Each concept will be taught according to the specifications of the College Boardī. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the multiple-choice section, and the free response question. The proper procedures for both will be taught and practiced. Course Overview This course has been designed to reflect the most recent course description of the AP Human Geography requirements as published by the College Board. The course will present the in-depth and systemic study of the following objectives: Geography its Nature and Perspectives Population Cultural Patterns and Processes Political Organization of Space Agricultural and Rural Land Use Industrialization and Economic Development Cities and Urban Land Use Unit I. Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives Course Planner [C1] Topic: I. Geography its nature and perspectives M.C. Coverage on AP Exam5-10% Readings: 1 de Blij Ch. 1, Wood Ch 1, and Rubenstein Ch Time: 3 weeks Topic II. Population M.C. Coverage on AP Exam13-17% Readings: de Blij Ch. 2,3 Wood Ch 2, Rubenstein Ch 2,3 Time: 5 weeks Topic III. Cultural Patterns and Processes M.C. Coverage on AP Exam13-17% Readings: de Blij Ch. 4-7 Wood Ch. 3, Rubenstein Ch. 4-7 Time: 6 weeks Topic IV. Political Organization of Space M.C. Coverage on AP Exam13-17% Readings de Blij Ch. 8,14Wood Ch. 4, Rubenstein Ch. 8,9 Time: 5 weeks Topic V. Agricultural and Rural Land Use M.C. Coverage on AP Exam13-17% Readings de Blij Ch. 11, Wood Ch. 5, Rubenstein Ch. 10 Time: 4 weeks C1: The course provides a systemic study of human geography, including the following topics outlined in the Course Description Topic VI. Industrialization and Economic Development M.C. Coverage on AP Exam13-17% Readings de Blij Ch. 10,12, Wood Ch. 6, Rubenstein Ch. 11, 12 Time 4 weeks Topic VII. Cities and Urban Land Use M.C. Coverage on AP Exam13-17% Readings de Blij Ch. 9,13, Wood Ch. 7, Rubenstein Ch. 13,14 Time: 4 Weeks Essential Questions and Vocabulary by Unit I. Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives Q. How does the concept of scale change perceptions of geography? C2: The course teaches the use of spatial concepts and landscape analysis to examine human organization of space. Q. How has geography as a course of study changed the way humans view their activity space and the activity space of others? Q. Why is the concept of regions, whether functional, formal, or perceptual inherent in the understanding of human geography? Q. How do humans develop a sense of place? Q. What technology contributes to human understanding and further knowledge of data and its spatial distribution? Vocabulary Unit I. Fieldwork Human geography Globalization Physical geography Spatial Spatial distribution Pattern Medical geography Spatial perspective Five themes Pandemic Location Epidemic Location theory Humanenvironment Region Place Sense of place Global positioning system Geocaching relative location Perception of place Mental map Movement Generalized map Spatial interaction Distance Accessibility Connectivity Landscape Cultural landscape Sequent Occupance Cartography Reference maps Thematic maps Absolute location Activity space Cultural diffusion Time-distance decay Cultural barrier Expansion diffusion Contagious diffusion 5Possibilism Cultural ecology Political ecology Distortion Equator Grid pattern Time distance decay Landscapes Cultural barrier Parallel Expansion diffusion Mercator projection Formal region Contagious diffusion Robinson projection Functional region Hierarchical diffusion Peter’s projection Perceptual region Stimulus diffusion Latitude Culture Relocation diffusion Remote sensing geographic information systems Rescale Culture trait Culture complex Cultural hearth Independent invention Geographic concept Environmental determinism Isotherm Meridian Longitude Space-time compression Toponym Site Situation II. Population Q. What factors will influence growth rates? Q. What scales are population densities used to determine growth and carrying capacity? Q. How is natural increase different from actual increase and how do geographers determine each? Q. What factors indicate where a population is grouped according to the demographic transition model? C4: The Course teaches students how to use and interpret maps, data sets, and geographic models. GIS, aerial photographs, and satellite images, though not required, can be used effectively in the course. Q. How do populations move stages in the demographic transition model and how is the knowledge of this data used? Q. Why is it important to understand the factors that lead to the changes that signify shifts of population from one stage to another in the demographic transition mode? Q. Which populations are growing the fastest and what are the concerns embedded in the growth of those populations? Q. How does education play a role in the growth and movement of population? Q. What distinguishes a refugee either internally or internationally and why are their different data sets to explain this? Q. How does the gravity model and distance decay play a role in migration and the demography of cities? Vocabulary Unit II. Population density Arithmetic population density Physiological population density Population distribution Dot maps Megalopolis Census Doubling time Population explosion Crude death rate Population pyramids Demographic transition model Infant mortality rate Natural increase Stationary population level Crude birth rate Population composition Newborn mortality rate Total fertility rate Child mortality rate Life expectancy Remittances Infectious diseases Cyclic movements Chronic or degenerative diseases Periodic movement Genetic or inherited diseases Endemic AIDS expansive population policies Eugenic population policies Restrictive population policies One child policy Voluntary migration Laws of migration Gravity model Migration Push factors Activity spaces Pull factors Nomadism Distance decay Migrant labor Step migration Transhumance Intervening opportunity Military service International migration Immigration Internal migration Forced migration Colonization Regional scale Islands of development Guest workers Refugees Internally displaces persons Asylum Repatriation Deportation Genocide Kinship links Immigration laws Chain migration Immigration wave Explorers Quotas Selective immigration Topic III. Cultural Patterns and Processes Q. How is popular culture differentiated from local culture? Q. How has globalization created “placelessness”? Q. How has authenticity of place been challenged by commodification? Q. How do local cultures define themselves and protect their identity? C3: The course teaches spatial relationships at different scales ranging from the local to the global Q. What are the similarities of rural local cultures and urban local cultures? Q. In what ways does cultural appropriation and assimilation threaten local cultures? Q. How has identity been shaped by place and vice-versa? Q. What is the role of ethnic neighborhoods and diffusion in creating a sense of place? Q. How do people define themselves by observing “the other” and how does this help to create cultural identity? Q. In what ways are the concepts of race and ethnicity misunderstood and used to perpetuate power relationships that may be unequal? Q. Why are some states linguistically diverse compared to others that are not? Q. What countries share a common language and how is this related to the concept of language groups and diffusion? Q. What are the major factors that have influenced and continue to influence the diffusion of religion? Q. What relationships are shared by various religions? Q. What is the primary difference in the concept of evangelizing faiths and hereditary faiths? Q. How does religion shift focus as scales shift? Vocabulary Unit III. Culture Local culture Folk culture Material culture Popular culture Nonmaterial culture Hierarchical diffusion Hearth Assimilation Custom Cultural appropriation Neolocalism Ethnic neighborhood Succession Nostratic Secularism Senses of place Language divergence Monotheistic religion Language convergence Polytheistic religion Renfrew hypothesis Animistic religion Conquest theory Universalizing religion Dispersal hypothesis Ethnic religion Ethnicity Space Commodificati on Place Authenticity Queer theory Distance decay Dowry deaths Time-space compression Reterritorializa tion Gendered Barrioization Language Culture Cultural landscape Multi intelligibility Placelessness Standard language Global-local continuum Dialects Glocalization Dialect chains Folk-housing regions Isogloss Diffusion routes Gender Identity Identifying against Race Racism Residential segregation Language families Subfamilies Sound shift Proto-Indo European Backward reconstruction Extinct language Deep reconstruction Romance languages Hinduism Caste system Germanic languages Buddhism Slavic languages Taoism Lingua franca Pidgin language Shintoism Feng Shui Confucianism Judaism Creole language Diaspora Monolingual states Christianity Multilingual states Official language Global language Zionism Eastern Orthodox Church Roman Catholic Church Protestant Place Islam Toponym Sunni Religion Shi’ite Indigenous religions Sacred sites minarets Ethnic cleansing Religious extremism Shamanism Hajj Activity space Shari’a laws Secularism Interfaith boundaries Religious fundamentalis m Jihad Pilgrimage Intrafaith boundaries Unit IV. Political Organization of Space Q. What are the elements of a multinational or unitary country respectively? Q. How has the nature of make-up of multinational unions changed over the last century? C2: The Course teaches the use of spatial concepts and landscape analysis to examine human organization of space. Q. What are the primary similarities and contrasting views of Spykman and Mackinder? Q. What is the law of the sea and how has it evolved with time? Q. What is the role of technology in globalization? Q. What geopolitical regions are most susceptible to the process of devolution? Q. What is the New World Order and what major factors played a role in its development? Vocabulary: Political Geography Multistate nation State Stateless nation Territoriality Colonialism Sovereignty Scale Territorial integrity Capitalism Mercantilism Peace of Westphalia Nation Nation-state Democracy Multinational state Commodificati on Core Periphery Semiperiphery Unitary Federal Devolution Territorial representation Reapportionme nt Splitting Majorityminority districts Ability Gerrymanderin g Centripetal Boundary Centrifugal Geometric boundary Physicalpolitical boundary Heartland theory Critical geopolitics Unilateralism Supranational organization Globalization Washington consensus Networks Participatory development Local exchange trading system (LETS) Vertical integration Synergy Elongated states Enclaves, exclaves Ethnic force Imperialism Privatization Institutions Ratzel Integration Rimland theory Internal boundaries Security Council Irredentism Separatist movement Gatekeepers Ethnonationali sm Horizontal integration European Constitution Landlocked states Colonies European Monetary Union Mackinder Spatial force Market economy Spykman Compact states European Union Marketization Confederal system Federal system Command economy Core area Forward capital Cultural boundary Fragmentation Democratizatio n Fragmented states Microstates Multicore state Perforated states Physical boundary Frontiers Political geography Geometric boundary Political culture Geopolitics Politicalization of religion Economic force Government Primate city Electoral geography Heartland theory Politics Disputes: Positional, territorial, resource, functional Sovereignty Supranational organization Territorial morphology Territoriality “Third wave” of democratizatio n Three pillars Unitary state Unit V. Agricultural and Rural Land Use Q. What developments would help lead to the second agricultural revolution? Q. What are the main elements of the third agricultural revolution and how did these elements develop? Q. What is the impact of the Green Revolution on developing countries and the future development all countries? Q. What is the role of vertical and horizontal integration in making agriculture more profitable and leading away from the family farm and towards the expansion of agribusiness? C4: The course teaches students how to use and interpret maps, data sets, and geographic models. GIS, aerial photographs, and satellite images though not required can be used effectively in the course. Q. What are the effects of globalization on agriculture on different scales? Vocabulary: Agribusiness Extensive agriculture Job specialization Extensive subsistence agriculture Laborintensive agriculture Location theory Cereal grains Green Revolution Columbian exchange Hamlets, villages Commercial agriculture Horticulture Agricultural hearths Agriculture Biotechnology Desertification Dispersed settlement pattern Enclosure Erosion Hunters and gatherers Intensive agriculture Intensive subsistence agriculture Irrigation Long-lot survey system Mediterranean agriculture Nomadism Nucleated settlement pattern Organic agriculture Pampas Pastoral nomadism Mercantilism Patriarchal system Metes and bounds Plantation farming Milkshed Postindustrial societies Mixed crop and livestock farming Neolithic Revolution Primary sector Primogeniture Quaternary sector Rectangular survey system Second Agricultural Revolution Secondary sector Shifting cultivation (swidden agriculture) Specialization Subsistence agriculture Tertiary sector Seed agriculture Third Agricultural Revolution Seed drill Truck Farming Vegetative planting Von Thunen’s Model Wattle Wet (lowland) rice Winter wheat area, spring wheat area, “world breadbasket” Soil erosion Biodiversity Global warming Unit VI. Industrialization and Economic Development Q. How do stratifications occur in modern society? Q. What postmodern developments have occurred in the core regions of the world? Q. How do the theories of Christaller effect modern distribution of goods and services? Q. How can you use the multiplier effect to discuss the importance of primary economic activities in a service-based economy? Q. How is site differentiated from situation? Vocabulary: Acid rain Economic development Industrial revolution country (MDC’s, LDC’s) Break-of-bulk Economic geography Infrastructure NAFTA Bulk-reducing industries, bulk-gaining industries Exportoriented industrializatio n Kanto Plain New industrializatio n of labor Capitalist world economy Fossil fuels Location theory Global warming Locational interdependen ce Agglomeration Compressed modernity Conglomerate corporations Deglomeration GDP, GDP per capita Friction of distance Deindustrializa tion Global warming Dependency theory Greenhouse effect Distance decay Industrializatio n Laborintensive industries Maquiladora district Meiji Restoration Modernization model More developed country, less developed Newly industrializing country Northeast district (China) Oligarchs (Japan) Pacific Rim Post-Industrial societies Primary economic activities, primary sector Primary industry Secondary industry Proven reserve/potent ial reserve Quaternary sector Rostow/Rosto w’s stages Secondary economic activities, secondary sector Secondary industrial region Single market manufacturers Site factors Social development Space-time compression Special Economic Zones Substitution principle Sustainable development Tertiary sector Trading blocs Transnational corporations Value added productivity Dependency theory Variable revenue analysis Dollarization Wallerstein Watt Commodity chain Formal economy Informal economy Modernization model Structuralist theory World-systems theory Export processing zones Islands of development Microcredit program Technopole Offshore Unit VII. Cities and Urban Land Use Q. How is a diversified economic base important to cities? Q. How does the second agricultural revolution and the industrial revolution form an integrated system for moving the world’s population through the demographic transition model? Q. What are the different migration patterns to cities and how have they changed over time? Q. Why have global cities developed where they have on a regional scale? Q. How does the impact of developed countries differ from developing countries? C2: The Course teaches the use of spatial concepts and landscape analysis to examine human organization of space. C4: The course teaches students how to use and interpret maps, data sets, and geographic models. GIS, aerial photographs, and satellite images though not required can be used effectively in the course. Q. In what ways has the global movement towards supranationalism effected environmental activities? Q. How does urban planning play a role in urban communities? Q. What are the effects of ethnic neighborhoods on the urban landscape? Q. How is gentrification an evident and dynamic factor in the cityscape? Vocabulary: Base ratio Basic, nonbasic sectors Burgess, E.W. Bosnywash Census tract Central business district (CBD) Center city Central place theory Disamenity sector Christaller, Walter Edge cities City City-state Complementar y regions Concentric zone model Councils of government Export activities Feminization of poverty Formative era Gentrification Ghettos, ghettoization Greenbelts Hamlet Harris and Ullman Hierarchy of central places Hoyt, Homer Infrastructure in situ accretion Manufacturing city Megacity Rush hours Sector model Urban influence zone Urban renewal Shantytowns Blockbusting Megalopolis Settlement geography Mercantile city Smart growth World city Concentric zone model Metropolitan area Social area analysis Zone in transition Spaces of consumption Metropolitan statistical area Specialfunction cities Zone of maturity Solid waste Micropolitan statistical area Sprawl Zoning ordinance Multiple-nuclei model Multiplier effect Nucleated States Suburbs Town Transportation centers Wirth, Louis Urban morphology Social stratification Peripheral model Urban area First urban revolution Urban elite Trade area Physical city Urban empire Rank size rule Primate cities Urban geography Griffin-Ford Model Urban hierarchy Edge cities Public housing Rank size rule McGee model New urbanism Sanitary landfills Toxic waste Radioactive waste Montreal protocol Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer Activities by Unit: Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives Week 1 Introduction to the course and the syllabus Week 2 Week 3 Introduction to the course. Readings by planner. Five Themes Five themes Presentation Historical beginnings of the study of Geography Fruit maps (Fruits by season) Maps of Functional Regions Maps of Vernacular (Perceptual) Regions Maps of Formal Regions Lecture Assessment notes and and Review Jigsaw 1.1 presentation Power of Place Series #1 One Earth Many Scales Review FRQ format. Assessment and Review 1.2 Review and Complete project Review and Assessment 2.1 C1 Unit Test: MC and FRQ Population Week 1 Arithmetic and Physiological Density Project Population Pyramids Read deBlij Chapter 2 part 1 Read Wood Chapter 2 part 1 Read deBlij Chapter 2 part 2 Read Wood Chapter 2 part 2 Week 3 Migration and Patterns of Migration Read deBlij Chapter 3 part 1 Week 4 Demographic Plot the Transition countries of the Population Pyramid Project in Week 2 Review and complete Population Pyramids Read Wood Maps of Chapter 2 Migration part 3 patterns and vocabulary Completion Presentation of of DMT and Demographic Migration Transition patterns Model Project Review and Assessment 2.2 Review and Assessment 2.3 Review and Assessment 2.4 C2, C4 C Week 5 The Developing World, Health and Education the proper place in the Demographic Transition Model Examine the effects of Women’s education on population Plot the CBR and CDR and TFR and cross reference to female education Preview FRQ from College Board Website Review and Assessment 2.5 M.C. and FRQ’s Cultural Patterns and Processes Week 1 Read deBlij Ch 4 part 1 Read Wood Ch 3 part 1 Popular Culture v. Local Culture Traditional Religion Map of Local Culture of the U.S. and Canada Buddhism Week 2 Read deBlij Ch 4 part 2 Week 3 Read deBlij Ch 5 part 1 Week 4 Read deBlij Ch 6 Week 5 Read deBlij Ch 7 Read Wood Ch 3 part 2 Folk housing Regions (From Rubenstein) Read Wood Power of Ch 3 part 3 Place series #21 “Population Geography” Hinduism Read Wood Jigsaw Ch 3 part 4 Activity Eastern (Chinese) Religions Read Wood Islam Ch 3 part 4 Week 6 Culture Use the Christianity ID review Review and MC and FRQ Assessment review 3.1 ID review Review and MC and FRQ Assessment review 3.2 ID review Review and MC and FRQ Assessment review 3.3 Jigsaw Activity 2 Review and Assessment 3.4 ID review MC and FRQ review ID review Review and Assessment 3.5 Review and C3 Project Religious Landscape silhouettes laptops to complete the culture project (see rubric) and Judaism MC and FRQ Assessment review 3.6 MC and FRQ Political Organization of Space Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Introduction to Political Geography Rubenstein Ch. 8 and 9 Territorial Morphology Video: Power of Place, # 3 Supranationalism and Devolution State Political Organization; centripetal and centrifugal forces Political, economic and military cooperation Read deBlij Ch 8 part 1 Wood Ch 4 part 1 Read deBlij Ch 8 part 2 Wood Ch 4 part 2 Map research Project 1 Read deBlij Ch 8 part 3 Wood Ch 3 part 3 Read Ch. 8 part 4 Wood Ch 4 part 4 Map research Project 3 Internal organization of States Review for Review for Exam 1.1 Exam 1.2 Map research Project 2 Map Research Project 4 Review Project 1 critique and correct Review Project 2 critique and correct Nationalities and Nation States Review Project 3 critique and correct Review Project 4 critique and correct Review for Exam 1.3 Electoral Geography Boundaries and the law of the Sea Assessment 4.1 Semester Exam MC (75)and FRQ (3) Agricultural and Rural Land Use Week 1 deBlij Ch 11 part 1, Wood Ch 5 part 1, Rubenstein Agricultural revolutions Agricultural Products Project C2 C4 Whittlesley’s Mapping agricultural agriculture regions Assessment 5.1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Ch. 10 part 1 deBlij Ch 11 part 2, Wood Ch 5 part 2, Rubenstein Ch 10 part 2 assigned The Green Revolution (And Criticism) Agricultural Products Project Review Rice and the impact of rice as a necessity and a cultural product Green Revolution: Charting the impact of Grain Assessment 5.2 deBlij Ch 11 part 3, Wood Ch 5 part 3, Rubenstein Ch 10 part 3 deBlij Ch 11 part 4, Wood Ch 5 part 4, Rubenstein Ch 11 part 4 Agribusiness Agricultural Products Project Review Video: The Meatrix Paidiea seminar Video: The Power of Place series #16 Rural and Urban Contrasts Assessment 5.3 Agricultural Products Project Review Regional primary activities Agricultural Products Project due Presentations Assessment of Projects 5.4 Industrialization and Economic Development Week 1 Week 2 deBlij Ch 10 part 1, Wood Ch 6 part 1, Rubenstein Ch 11 part 1 deBlij Ch 10 part 2, Wood Ch 6 part 2, Rubenstein Ch 11 part 1 Measures of Human Development development Industrialization index Project begins Part I charting Industry Industrialization Part II Analyzing the where of Industry Global The Industrial Revolution: distribution of industrial production C2, C4 Development by Scale: Industrial development from individual to global Heavy Industry (Focused look at the countries of Eastern Europe; Compare Assessment 6.1 Assessment 6.2 Week 3 deBlij Ch 12 part 1, Wood Ch 6 part 3, Rubenstein Ch 12 part 1 Week 4 deBlij Ch 12 part 2, Wood Ch 6 part 4, Rubenstein Ch 12 part 2 Industrialization Part III Analyzing the where of Industry by Region (use models of scaled regions) Presentation day 1 Free Trade and Developing nations (FRQ) practice Presentation day 2 Contrast to the U.S. and Canada (China, up and coming) Foreign exchange rates (Class mini-project using valued and devalued candy (see rubric) Presentation day 3 Assessment 6.3 Assessment 6.4 MC and FRQ Cities and Urban Land Use Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 deBlij Ch 9 part 1, Wood Ch 7 part 1, Rubenstein Ch 13 part 1 deBlij Ch 9 part 2, Wood Ch 7 part 2, Rubenstein Ch 13 part 2 Origin and FRQ scoring Market Evolution of and Areas Cities discussion Assessment 7.1 Models of Urban Structure Assessment 7.2 deBlij Ch 13 part 1, Wood Ch 7 part 3, Rubenstein Ch 14 part 1 Video: Power of Place series, # 11 A Challenge for Two Old Cities FRQ scoring Video: and Power of discussion Place series, #24: Cityscapes, Suburban Sprawl FRQ scoring Fieldtrip to and downtown discussion Miami (TriRail and Metro-Rail) Stop at Overtown Assessment 7.3 Week 4 deBlij Ch 13 Review Unit Practice part 2, Test 1 Wood Ch 7 part 4, Rubenstein Ch 14 part 2 Practice Test 2 Practice Test 3 Key: C1: The course provides a systemic study of human geography, including the following topics outlined in the course description. C2: The course teaches the use of spatial concepts and landscape analysis to examine human organization of space. C3: The course teaches spatial relationships at different scales ranging from the local to the global. C4: The Course teaches students how to use and interpret maps, data sets, and geographic models, GIS aerial photographs, and satellite images, though not required, can be used effectively in the course.