STUDY GUIDE AND ANSWERS:
Chapter 2/California's Indians
I. "The First Californians"
A. A Time Long Ago
1. glaciers-slow-moving masses of
ice
2. ancestors-early family members
(from past)
3. How did early people depend on
large animals?
They hunted them for food and
used their hides and bones to
make clothing, shelter, and tools.
B. A New Way of Life
1. surplus-extra
2. How did people adapt to the
change in climate?
They began to fish and to hunt
smaller animals. They also
gathered more nuts, berries, and
plants for food.
C. The California Indians
1. tribe-an American Indian group
with its own leaders and lands
2. culture- people's own beliefs,
and ways of speaking,
acting, and dressing
3. How did the environment shape
the ways of life of early California
Indians?
California Indians had to use the
available plants, animals, and
natural resources to survive.
D. Learning From the Past
1. artifact- any object made by
people in the past
2. legends-stories handed down
over time
3. How were legends important to
California Indians?
Through legends, California
Indians were able to pass down
their history to new generations.
*PLEASE DO HOMEWORK AND
PRACTICE p. 13-14
II. "The Northern Coastal Region"
A. The Land and People
1. Yurok, Karuk, Hupa, and WiyotThey are some of the groups of
people that lived in the northern
coast of California.
2. What natural resources did tribes
in the northern Coastal Region
use?
They used trees and rivers.
B. Yurok and Hupa
1. weirs-(fences) a structure
stretched across
a river to catch fish
2. ceremony-a celebration to honor
a cultural or religious
event.
3. shaman-a religious leader
4. Why were the Hupa able to make
many beautiful objects?
Food was usually plentiful, so
they had time to create
decorative objects.
C. Pomo
1. How were Pomo houses along the
coast different from those built
inland?
Houses on the coast were coneshaped and made of bark. Houses
inland were built on a wooden
frame and covered with brush,
plant stems, or grasses.
D. Wealth and Trade
1. trade-the exchange or buying
and selling of goods
2. What did people in the northern
Coastal Region use for trade?
They used shells.
*PLEASE DO HOMEWORK AND
PRACTICE p.15-16
III. "The Southern Coastal Region"
A. The Land and People
1. Chumash-one of the tribes
native to the southern
Coastal Region
2. Which tribes in the Coastal Region
lived farthest south?
The Luiseno and the Kumeyaay
lived farthest south.
B. Chumash
1. government-a system for
deciding what is best for a
group of people...provides a
way for groups to make rules
and choose leaders.
2. cooperate-to work together
3. How did the Chumash make use
of the tar that bubbled up on their
lands?
They made their baskets and
plank canoes waterproof.
C. Gabrielino Luiseno, and
Kumeyaay
1. How is the Gabrielino turtle legend
similar to the Chumash Sun
Legend?
They both explain events in nature.
*PLEASE DO HOMEWORK AND
PRACTICE p.17
*Chart and Graph Skills-"Compare
Tables" p.74-75
PLEASE DO HOMEWORK AND
PRACTICE p.18-19
IV. "The Central Valley and
Mountains"
A. The Land and People
1. Achumawi, Maidu, Miwok,
Nisenan, and yokutsThese are some of the tribes native
to the Central Valley of California.
2. Why were many people able to live
in the Central Valley Region?
The region had a good climate and
plenty of food.
B. Maidu
1. granary-a building for storing
extra acorns
2. division of labor-having different
members of a group do
different jobs
3. specialize -to focus on one job to
do it well
4. How was work divided among the
Maidu men and women?
Men made arrow points and bows,
fishing nets, and other tools.
Women prepared food and made
baskets.
C. Miwok and Yokuts
1. How were oak trees important to
the Yokuts?
They used wood from oak trees to
build homes and gathered acorns
for food.
V. "The Desert Region"
A. Cahuilla
1. springs-water that flows through
openings in the ground
2. Why did the Cahuilla sometimes
leave their villages?
They sometimes left their villages
to gather food and natural
resources.
B. Cahuilla Lifeways
1. What item did the Cahuilla make
that most other California Indians
did not?
They made clay pottery.
C. Mojaves
1. arid-dry
2. silt-fine grains of soil and rock
left along a river's banks
3. agriculture-farming
4. How was the Colorado River
important to the Mojave?
It was an important source of
water. The silt deposited by the
river provided rich soil for growing
crops.
5. Who is Cheryl A. Seidner?
5. Who is Cheryl A. Seidner?
1950- An American Indian
leader; elected tribal
chairperson of the Wiyot tribe in
1996.
*PLEASE COMPLETE HOMEWORK
AND PRACTICE p.21
*PLEASE COMPLETE HOMEWORK
AND PRACTICE:
"Study Guide" p.22-24