Body Systems Study Guide
Circulatory System
Made up of 3 main parts:
The 3 types of blood vessels are:
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
The 3 solid parts of the blood are:
1. ________________ Function:___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________ Function:___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________ Function:___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
I am the pump of the blood. ______________________
I fight off infection and disease. ____________________
I carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells. _____________________
I clot the blood. _____________________
I am made by the body and fight disease causing germs. _____________________
I am the largest artery. _________________ I deliver ______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.
Things I can do to keep my heart healthy: ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Notice that left and right are switched because I am looking at my heart as it is in the body!
Respiratory System – As you read how breathing works, follow along with your finger.
Bronchial tubes
Air sacs
This is how breathing works!
1.
2.
3.
4.
The diaphragm muscle contracts and moves downward.
Oxygen enters the body through the nose or mouth.
Air enters the throat. (esophagus)
The air passes the voice box and travels down a long tube
called the windpipe. (trachea)
5. The windpipe splits into two tubes called the bronchi.
6. The air enters the lungs.
7. Oxygen enters the blood through the air sacs.
I connect the mouth to the bronchial tubes. ______________
I am the organ that assists in breathing. ________________
Capillaries surround me so I can exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen. ______________
I contract and relax during breathing. _________________
Muscular System
What are muscles? _____________________________________________________________________
What are the 3 kinds of muscles?
1.______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
I am the type of muscle you control. _______________________
An example: ____________________________________________________________________________
I am the type of muscle that works automatically. _______________________
An example: ____________________________________________________________________________
Muscles are connected to bones by me. A strong tissue called a __________________________.
Skeletal System – I am the framework of the body. A system of bones that protects and supports
the body and its internal organs. I hold it all together.
I am a hard and dense material that supports the body. _____________________
I am a soft, flexible tissue found in the joints. I cushion against shock. ____________________
I fasten together bones at the joints. I am a band of tissue called _____________________.
What is a joint? __________________________________________________________________________
Name two joints and where they are located in the body.
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________________
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
cranium, skull
mandible
clavicle
sternum
humerus
rib
vertebra
pelvis
radius
ulna
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
tarsals
metatarsals
phalanges
Nervous System – I take in all the information coming from the senses and arrange it for you.
3 main parts of the nervous system:
1.
2.
3.
I keep your heartbeat and breathing regular. _______________________
I coordinate your muscles and give you balance. _______________________
I am the part of your brain that controls thinking, sensing, and moving. _______________________
I am the part of your brain that controls digestion, heartbeat, breathing, body temperature and
other functions. _________________________
I am the part of your brain that controls balance, posture and coordination. _____________________
I am a long piece of nerve tissue that runs from the brain down through the backbone.
____________________________
What do nerves do? ___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
medulla
Digestive System
I begin the digestive process. ___________________
I am the muscular tube through which food passes on the way from the mouth
to the stomach. _______________________
I am the part in the digestive system where food is absorbed. ______________________
I filter toxins from the blood. ___________________
I absorb water from the food your body does not need before it
exits the body. ________________________
I measure 27 feet! _____________________
I remove excess liquid and waste products from the body. _________________________
I am the part where the solid waste comes out of. ____________________
Large intestines
Small intestines
Body Systems Answer Key
Circulatory System
Made up of 3 main parts:
The 3 types of blood vessels are:
1. blood
1. arteries
2. blood vessels
2. veins
3. heart
3. capillaries
The 3 solid parts of the blood are:
-1. Red blood cells; carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and pick up waste from
the cells to be dropped off at the lungs
-2. White blood cells; help the body fight off infection and disease; surround and eat
invaders in the blood and body cells
-3. Platelets; help clot the blood, or thicken
I am the pump of the blood. The heart
I fight off infection and disease. White blood cells
I carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells. Red blood cells
I clot the blood. Platelets
I am made by the body and fight disease causing germs. Antibodies
I am the largest artery. The aorta. I deliver oxygen rich blood to the cells in the body.
Things I can do to keep my heart healthy: Acceptable answers could include:
-eat a balanced diet
-not smoke
-exercise
-consume less fatty foods
I connect the mouth to the bronchial tubes. Windpipe or trachea
I am the organ that assists in breathing. The lungs
Capillaries surround me so I can exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen. The air sacs
I contract and relax during breathing. The diaphragm
Muscular System
What are muscles? The tissues that make the body parts move
What are the 3 kinds of muscles?
skeletal - muscles attached to bones, allowing movement of limbs
cardiac - the muscle forming the strong walls of the heart
Smooth- muscles found in internal organs, helping with movement in the various body systems
I am the type of muscle you control. voluntary
An example: arms, legs
I am the type of muscle that works automatically. involuntary
An example: heart beat, eye blink
Muscles are connected to bones by me. A strong tissue called a tendons.
Skeletal System – I am the framework of the body. A system of bones that protects and supports
the body and its internal organs. I hold it all together.
I am a hard and dense material that supports the body. A bone
I am a soft, flexible tissue found in the joints. I cushion against shock. Cartilage
I fasten together bones at the joints. I am a band of tissue called ligaments.
What is a joint? Where two bones meet.
Name two joints and where they are located in the body.
ball-and-socket: shoulders, hip
-hinge: knees and elbows
3 main parts of the nervous system:
1. brain
2. spinal cord
3. nerves
I keep your heartbeat and breathing regular. The medulla
I coordinate your muscles and give you balance. The cerebellum
I am the part of your brain that controls thinking, sensing, and moving. cerebrum
I am the part of your brain that controls digestion, heartbeat, breathing, body temperature and
other functions. medulla
I am the part of your brain that controls balance, posture and coordination. cerebellum
I am a long piece of nerve tissue that runs from the brain down through the backbone.
The spinal cord.
What do nerves do?
Nerves pick up information and send it up the spinal cord to the brain.
Nerves tell us when we are seeing, feeling, hearing, smelling, or touching
something. Nerves are tiny fibers found in the spinal cord and all over the body that send
messages to the brain.
Digestive System
I begin the digestive process. The mouth
I am the muscular tube through which food passes on the way from the mouth
to the stomach. The esophagus
I am the part in the digestive system where food is absorbed. The small intestine
I filter toxins from the blood. The liver
I absorb water from the food your body does not need before it
exits the body. The large intestine
I measure 27 feet! The intestines
I remove excess liquid and waste products from the body. The kidneys
I am the part where the solid waste comes out of. The anus