Cell
Organelle
Review
Any organism composed of one or more cells, each of which contains a clearly
defined nucleus enclosed by a membrane, along with organelles
This is the command center and acts like the brain of the cell. It helps control
eating, movement, and reproduction. If it happens in a cell, chances are the
organelle knows about it. It is not always in the center of the cell. It will be a big
dark spot somewhere in the middle of all of the cytoplasm (cytosol). Inside this
organelle, you will find the Nucleolus
These are the protein assemblers of a eukaryotic cell. They are typically
composed of two subunits: a large subunit and a small subunit. These two units
join together to produce proteins in a process called translation and are located
along the Rough ER
These organelles are the cell's power producers. They convert energy into forms
that are usable by the cell. They are the sites of cellular respiration which
ultimately generates fuel (ATP) for the cell's activities. ATP is mostly sugar and
phosphates. The number of these organelles in a cell can range from a few to
several thousand, depending on the type of cell.
These are little digestion machines, they go to work when the cell absorbs or
eats some food. Once the material is inside the cell, this organelle will attach and
release their enzymes. The enzymes break down complex molecules that can
include complex sugars and proteins
These organelles are water-filled storage spaces found in cells. They are found
in both animal and plant cells (but they are more common in plant cells they are
also bigger in plant cells). They store food, collect waste products, and can help
with cell shape and buoyancy.
This part of a cell is located outside the cell membrane of a plant cell. The main
purpose of it is to make the cell rigid and give the strength to protect itself
against mechanical stress. It is found in cells of plant cell but not in animal cells.
This type of cell is a very simple, single celled organisms. These cells have no
nucleus, and very few organelles. They've got a loop of DNA in their center,
along with some ribosomes floating around.
This organelle produces ribosomes, which move out of the nucleus and take
positions on the rough endoplasmic reticulum where they are critical in protein
synthesis.
These are the packaging for our genetic material, or DNA (deoxyribonucleic
acid) and are located in the nucleus. DNA carries a specific code that gives
instructions to our body on how to grow, develop and function. The instructions
are organized into units called genes.
This organelle, along with Ribosomes, is involved with the production of
proteins. It is the transport system proteins use to travel through the cell.
This organelle is like a shipping department of the factory we talked about. The
proteins that are made by the ribosomes travel through the ER organelles and
then are sorted and packaged in this orgnelle that will later send the proteins out
of the cell
This is the organelle of a plant that contains a pigment called chlorophyll. This
chlorophyll absorbs the energy from sunlight and utilize this energy to make food
from carbon dioxide and water. This is called photosynthesis.
This is a thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell,
enclosing its contents. Its function is to protect the integrity of the interior of the
cell by allowing certain substances into the cell, while keeping other substances
out.