LANDLOCKED DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES
HARNESSING ICT OPPORTUNITIES
Mrs. Fuatai Purcell
Head of Division, LDCs, LLDCs & SIDS
Emergency Telecom & Climate Change
BDT/ITU
LLDC CONFERENCE
VIENNA, 3-7 November 2014
LDCs + LLDCs : LLDCs
RWANDA
NIGER
UGANDA
CHAD
BURKINA FASO
ETHIOPIA
BURUNDI
LAO
17
NEPAL
MALAWI
BHUTAN
ZAMBIA
LESOTHO
CENTRAL AFRICAN
REPUBLIC
MALI
South
Sudan
AFGHANISTAN
15
KAZAKHSTAN
AZERBAIJAN
TURKMENISTAN
FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC
OF MACEDONIA
PARAGUAY
TAJIKISTAN
KYRGYZSTAN
MONGOLIA
MOLDOVA
BOLIVIA
BOTSWANA
ARMENIA
SWAZILAND
ZIMBABWE
UZBEKISTAN
Committed to connecting the World
SPREAD OF LLDCs!
EUROPE (4)
ASIA (10)
LATIN AMERICA (2)
AFRICA (16)
Committed to connecting the World
CHALLENGES
• DEPENDENCY ON NEIGHBORING AND COASTAL
COUNTRIES FOR CONNECTIVITY
• LOW INTEREST TO INVEST IN ICT INFRASTRUCTURE IN
LLDCs
• INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT COSTS ARE HIGH
• TRANSPORT ROUTES TO LLDCs ARE DIFFICULT, LONG AND
EXPENSIVE
• REMOTENESS FROM WORLD MARKETS
• A HIGH VULNERABILITY TO EXTERNAL SHOCKS
Committed to connecting the World
BUT THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES … FOR SOME
HIGH GROWTH IN MOBILE BROADBAND
SUBSCRIPTIONS WORLDWIDE
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SOME OPPORTUNITIES ARE IN ICTs
Committed to connecting the World
Fixed (wired)-broadband monthly
subscription charges, in USD
25.80
2630
108.11
21.76
23.87
110
2023
20.65
20.94
17.81
83
63.05
15
13
55
12.48
50.01
10.18
42.38
7
8
28
0
0
33.67
0
Turkey
Brazil
Niger
LLDC
Armenia
Mali
Bolivia
Cote d'Ivoire
Russia
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Paraguay
Rwanda
Chile
TRANSIT COUNTRY
Committed to connecting the World
International Internet bandwidth, in Mbit/s
52,938
60000
3000000
3000000
2,480,000
2,219,450
45000
2250000
2250000
30000
1500000
1500000
1,052,160
18,887
750000
15000
750000
8,000
210
0
0 0
Niger
1,550
22,020
14,355
50
Turkey
Brazil
Chad
LLDC
MaliArmenia
Bolivia
3,381
190,000
160,000
180
14,885
Cote d'Ivoire
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Paraguay
Uganda
Russia Rwanda
Chile
Burundi
TRANSIT COUNTRY
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SATELLITE IS EVEN MORE COSTLY
To meet current demands
using satellite by lowering
costs through Space Segment
Consolidation efforts. But
prices are going down!!
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BUT WE ARE TAKING ACTION …
ITU PLENIPOTENTIARY CONFERENCE
• RESOLUTION 30 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) - Special measures for the
least developed countries, small island developing states, landlocked
developing countries and countries with economies in transition
WORLD TELECOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT
CONFERENCE
• RESOLUTION 16 (Rev. Dubai 2014) - Special actions and measures for
the least developed countries, small island developing states, landlocked
developing countries and countries with economies in transition
WORLD CONFERENCE ON INTERNATIONAL
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
• RESOLUTION PLEN/1 (DUBAI, 2012) - Special measures for
landlocked developing countries and small island developing states for
access to international optical fibre networks
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MISSION TO CONNECT THE WORLD
2013
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ACTION ON THE GROUND – PRIORITY AREAS
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ITU ACTIVITIES
ITU-D
Vital role in developing policy,
regulation, and legal frameworks.
Implements ICT projects and activities
across the Globe
ITU-R
ITU-T
Vital role in global management
of
the
radio-frequency
spectrum and satellite orbits
Vital
role
in
developing
international standards defining
elements in the interoperability
of ICT global infrastructure.
Radio Regulations
V - Series
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DIGITAL OPPORTUNITIES ARE IN
BROADBAND
“In the 21st century, affordable broadband access to the Internet is
becoming as vital to social and economic development as networks
like transport, water and power”
– Dr Hamadoun Touré, ITU Secretary-General
Making broadband policy
universal.
Making
broadband
affordable
Connecting homes to
broadband
Enhancing
access to broadband
All countries should have a national broadband plan or strategy or include
broadband in their Universal Access / Service Definitions.
Entry-level broadband services should be made affordable in developing
countries through adequate regulation and market forces (amounting to less
than 5% of average monthly income).
40% of households in developing countries should have Internet access.
Internet user penetration should reach 60% worldwide, 50% in developing
countries and 15% in LDCs.
Committed to connecting the World
BROADBAND IN LLDCs!
Committed to connecting the World
How to make it work?
Reduce Costs!!!!
Cost Factors for Broadband
REGULATORY
ENVIRONMENT
INFRASTRUCTURE SHARING
NATIONAL BACKBONE
COMPETITION
POLICY
ACCESS NETWORK
INTERNATIONAL CONNECTIVITY
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GDP
GROWTH
BROADBAND GROWTH OF 10 %
EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES FOR LLDCs
B more
0.1% – 1.5%
1.5%
GDP/Year
Labor Productivity over 5 Years
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ITU ACTIVITIES FOR ALMATY PoA
PRIORITY AREAS
ACTIVITIES
FUNDAMENTAL TRANSIT POLICY ISSUES
• ICT Global Policy and Regulatory Framework
Harmonization
• Human and Institutional Capacity Bulding
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND
MAINTENANCE
• Infrastructure Development Projects
• Introduction of Sustainable Business Models
• National Broadband Plans and Strategies
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND TRADE
FACILITATION
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT MEASURES
• E-Business, e-Government, e-Banking, eTrading, PKI for Secure Transactions,
Cybersecurity
• Facilitating Access to technologies and
transfer of know how.
• Forging Partnerships (Gvts, IGOs, Industry)
• Concentrated Assistance, reporting.
IMPLEMENTATION AND REVIEW
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THANK YOU
Committed to connecting the World