Name: _______________________________________________________
Period: _______
Human Body Packet #1: Skeletal System and Muscular System
Notes: The Skeletal System (Unit B Chapter 1.2)
What are the 5 functions
of the skeletal system?





Function #1: Provides ___________ and _____________.
Function #2: Anchor for all of the body’s ____________________.
Function #3: ________________ soft organs inside the body.
Function #4: Makes ______________________________.
Function #5: Stores minerals such as ________________ and phosphorus.
How many bones?
•
________ bones (organs) in an adult skeleton
Bones are classified by
shape.
•
•
•
•
_________ Bones are found in the arms, legs, fingers and toes.
_____________ bones are found in wrists, ankles, and knee caps.
______________ bones are found in the spine (vertebrae), sacrum, and jaw.
_________ bones are found in the ribs and skull.
There are 2 parts to the
skeleton.

Axial Skeleton:
 Main functions: Provides ______________ and __________________
 Irregular and flat bones - Skull, ribs, vertebrae, pelvis
Appendicular Skeleton:
 Main Functions: to allow __________________
 ___________ and short bones: Found in Arms, shoulders, legs– scapula,
humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, and fibula

What are the 2 types of
bone?


Compact bone:
 Covers ______________ of most bones
 Very __________ and tough
 Surrounds _______________ inner layer.
 Basic _____________________ layer
Spongy bone:
 ______________ of bone
 Strong but _____________________
 Makes up most of the ___________ and __________________ bones
 Makes up the __________ of long bones
What is bone marrow?



Marrow fills spaces within _______________ bone.
Marrow produces _________ and ____________ blood cells.
New blood cells travel from the marrow into ____________ vessels that run
throughout the bone.
What are joints?

Places where ________ parts (__________) of the skeletal system meet
What are the 3 types of
joints?

Immoveable or Fixed Joints:
 _________ bones together like puzzle pieces.
 Found in ___________ and pelvis
Moveable Joints:
 Allow your body to __________ and __________
 Found in __________ and legs, hands and _________, spine

What are ligaments?


Tissues that hold bones together at _______________ joints
Other structures (________________ and fat) _______________ bones and keep
them from ________________ together.
1
Name: ______________________________________________________
Period: _______
Notes: The Muscular System (Unit B Chapter 1.3)
What are the 3
functions of the
muscular system?
 Movement: Works with the ____________ system
 Skeletal Muscles work in _________. A muscle on one side of the body ______
in one direction while the other muscle relaxes.
 ______________ attach muscles to ___________ (stretchy connective tissue)
 Maintaining body _____________________ – related to homeostasis
 When muscles contract, they produce _________
 Example: quick muscle contractions when you ____________ release heat and
raise your body temperature
 Maintaining ________________
 Most muscles in your body are always a little bit contracted – muscle _______
 Muscles that maintain posture only __________ when you are unconscious.
Your body has
different types of
muscles.



Each type _______________ and relaxes
All have different _______________
All are found in different _________________
Skeletal Muscles





Performs ________________ movement – movement you __________ to make
Made of long ____________ made up of smaller ____________
Tendons – strong _________________ tissues that attach skeletal muscles to _______
Tendons are found on each __________ of a ________________.
Muscle fibers _______________, pull on the tendon, which then pulls on the _______
to make it move
Smooth Muscle




Found inside some ___________ – example: _______________ and stomach
Performs ___________________ movement – move without you _______________ it
Fibers are not as ___________ as skeletal muscles
Contracts ______________
Cardiac Muscle
 Only found in your _______________
 __________________ muscle like smooth muscle – moves without _______________
thought
 Contracts _____________ like smooth muscle
Muscles grow and
heal.



Skeletal muscles have to ________________ and __________________
 Example: A baby can’t lift its ___________ because neck muscles are not strong
enough
Muscles get ________________ when you exercise regularly
Muscle ________________ you feel a day or two after exercise is caused by
________________ to muscle fibers.
2
Name: ______________________________________________________
Period: ______
Diagram: The Skeletal System
Directions: Label the following terms on the diagram below. Then color the axial skeleton RED and the
appendicular skeleton BLUE. Resource: Unit B, Chapter 1.2, page 17.
Label:
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
Skull
Femur
Fibula
Tibula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Patella
Vertebrae
Scapula
Ribs
3
Name: ______________________________________________________
Diagram: The Muscular System
Directions: Use your device to label the following terms on the diagrams below.
Period: ______
Label:
□ Pectoralis Major
□ Trapezius
□ Hamstrings
□ Quadriceps
□ Abdominals
□ Biceps
□ Triceps
□ Deltoids
□ Latissimus Dorsi
□ Gluteous
Maximus
4
Name: ______________________________________________________
Concept Map: The Skeletal System
Directions: Fill in the concept
map below using the terms at
the bottom of the page.
Period: _______
Stores
SKELETAL
SYSTEM
Framework of
Framework
of
Protects
Supports
BONES
2 Types:
contains
Meet other
bones at
Covers the
makes
2 Types:
Examples
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
Calcium
Body
Immovable/Fixed
Movable
Marrow
Joints
Bones
Organs
Spongy Bone
Red Blood Cell
Compact Bone
Outside
□
□
□
□
Examples
Skull
Pelvis
Wrist
Knee
List the 5 functions of the Skeletal System:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5
Name: ______________________________________________________
Concept Map: The Muscular System
Directions: Fill in the concept
map below using the terms at
the bottom of the page.
MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
Can be
-
Period: _______
Can be
-
You can control
them
Type
Type
Found in
Attached to
You cannot
control them
Type
Found in
Usually work in
Heart
Attached to
Found in
One will
One will
Example
List the 3 functions of the Muscular
System:
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
Skeletal Muscles
Stomach Muscles
Voluntary
Tendon
Bone
Involuntary
Contract
Arm Muscles
Relax
Pairs
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle
□
Calcium
1.
2.
3.
6