Chemical Names and
Formulas
Overview
•Metals and Non-Metals
•Ions and Ionic Charges
•Types of Compounds
•Systematic Names
-Writing Names and Formulas
Naming Compounds Tutorial
General Information
 Binary Ionic Compounds
 Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions
 Naming w/metals that have more than 1
charge (Transition Metals)
 Molecular Compounds
 Naming Acids

Metals and Nonmetals
Stairway Of Division on Periodic Table
 C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are nonmetals
 B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semimetals
 All others are metals

Ions
 Cations
 Anions
Positively
Charged
Atoms
+
 i.e.
Na
Negatively
Charged
Atoms
 i.e.
Cl
IONIC CHARGES

Group I ->
1+

Group II ->
2+

Group III ->
3+

Group IV ->
4+
IONIC CHARGES

Group V ->
3-

Group VI ->
2-

Group VII ->
1-

Group VIII ->
Noble Gases
TYPES OF COMPOUNDS
 Ionic
Compounds
• composed
of positive and
negative ions.
• usually formed from a metal and
non-metal.
• these elements are not attached
to one another.
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Ionic
Compounds con’t
• Examples
NaCl
CaBr2
KI
CHEMICAL FORMULAS
 Definition
• shows the kind and numbers of
atoms in the smallest
representative unit of the
substance.
 i. e.
NaCl
IONIC COMPOUNDS
 A formula
unit is the lowest
whole number ratio of ions in an
ionic compound.
 i.e.
 There
Na2Cl2
-> NaCl
is no such thing as a
molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!
NAMING
COMPOUNDS
 Your
ability to name compounds
and write formula’s hinges on
your ability to recognize whether
a compound is Ionic or
Molecular.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Binary
means 2 elements
 Ionic means a metal and a nonmetal (or cation and anion)
 Writing Formulas
• charges must balance so
compound charge is neutral.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Writing
Formulas from Names
• 1st word = CATION
• 2nd word = ANION name
with ide ending.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS


NaBr
Sodium
MgF2
Bromide
Magnesium
Fluoride
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Potassium
Chloride
 Aluminum
Oxide
• notice ending
of name is ide!
+
K Cl
-> KCl
Al23+O32- ->
Al2O3
Polyatomic Ions
 Definition
•tightly bound groups of
atoms that behave as a unit
and carry a charge.
 Example
2SO3 , NO2 , ClO2
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
Ternary
means 3 different
elements
Usually contain Poly-atomic
Ions
Ionic means cation and anion
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS:Writing
Formulas
 Ca2+CO32-
->
CaCO3
Calcium
Carbonate
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: Naming
Calcium
Nitrate
Ca(NO3)2
Naming with Transition
Metals
 First
word = CATION
 Second word = ANION
• You need to determine what
charge is on the transition metal if
more than one exists.
Naming Transition
Metals
Copper
Oxide
(I)
Cu2O
Writing Formulas with
Transition Metals
Iron (III)
FeCl3
Chloride
Iron (II)
FeCl2
Chloride
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular
Compounds
• composed of molecules in
which elements share
electrons.
• usually composed of 2
nonmetals.
• these elements are attached
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
 Definition
• shows the numbers and
kinds of atoms present in a
molecule of a compound.
 i. e.
CO
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular
Compounds con’t
•Examples
CS2
SiO2
BF3
BINARY MOLECULAR
COMPOUNDS
Binary
means 2 elements
Molecular means 2 nonmetals
NO ionic charges are
present
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
 Prefixes
are used to show how
many atoms are present in each
molecule.
 mono, di, tri,tetra, penta, hexa,
hepta, octa, nona, deca
Writing Binary
Molecular Compounds
Carbon
CO2
Dioxide
•no mono
prefix is used
on first element
• Di means 2
oxygens!!
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
2
ways it’s done!
• (prefix + element name)
i.e. N2O
dinitrogen monoxide
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
• (prefix + element root + ide)
i.e. PCl3
Phosphorous
Trichloride
 All binary compounds end in
ide!!!
Naming with Acids
 Anion
Endings
ide
 Example
HCl
 Acid
Name
hydro(stem)- ic
acid
 Hydrochloric
Acid
Naming with Acids
 Anion
Ending
ite
 Example
Hydrogen
Sulfite
 Acid
Name
(stem)-ous
acid
 Sulfurous Acid
Naming with Acids
 Anion
Ending
ate
 Example
Hydrogen
Sulfate
 Acid
Name
(stem)-ic
acid
 Sulfuric Acid