REVIEW QUESTIONS
What are the 3 parts of the
cell theory?
All organisms composed of
cells - cell is basic unit of
living things - all cells from
pre-existing cells
What does not have
membrane bound
organelles?
prokaryote
What is an example of a
prokaryote?
Bacteria
What is a eukaryote?
Has membrane bound
organelles
REVIEW CONTINUED:
What are the functions of
the cell membrane?
Protect the cell – regulates what
enters & leaves the cell
What is homeostasis?
The process of maintaining the
cell’s (and body’s) internal
environment
What is selective
permeability?
When a cell membrane allows
certain things in or out
Explain the phospholipid
bilayer?
Phosphate is hydrophilic – lipid is
hydrophobic – layer forms a
barrier
What is the outer boundary
of a plant cell?
CELL WALL
What is the control center
of the cell?
nucleus
What is the site of protein
synthesis?
ribosomes
What are the two kinds of
ER?
Rough ER and Smooth ER
Which organelle sorts
proteins?
Golgi apparatus
Which type of cell has a
LARGE vacuole?
Plant cell
What other organelle is
found in plant cells only?
plastids
What organelle produces
energy for the cell?
mitochondria
What gives a cell the ability
to move?
Cilia & flagella
NOTES – CELLULAR TRANSPORT
• Cellular Transport
• movement of material across a
cell membrane – into and out of
the cell
• there are several ways that this
happens
• Diffusion
• random movement of molecules
– from areas of HIGH
concentration to areas of LOW
concentration
• dynamic equilibrium
• after mixing there is continued
movement of particles but no
change in concentration
• Passive Transport
• substances cross the cell
membrane without help from the
cell - energy IS NOT needed
• Facilitated Diffusion
• substance diffuses across the cell
membrane through special channels
in proteins
• Osmosis
• regulation (diffusion) of water across
a cell membrane
• concentration of water is always
trying to be kept constant & even on
both sides of the cell membrane
• Isotonic Solution
• concentration of water and
substances is even on the outside
and inside of the cell
• Hypotonic Solution
• more water outside the cell than
inside
• osmosis occurs forcing water into the
cell
• pressure inside the cell (animal cell)
will increase & the cell will swell (or
burst)
• Hypertonic Solution
• more water inside the cell than
outside
• osmosis occurs forcing water out
of the cell
• pressure inside the cell (animal
cell) will decrease & the cell will
shrink or shrivel up
Red Blood Cell in
ISOTONIC
SOLUTION
Red Blood Cell in
HYPERTONIC
SOLUTION
Red Blood Cell in
HYPOTONIC
SOLUTION
• Active Transport
• substances cross the cell
membrane WITH help from the cell
(energy IS needed)
• Opposite of DIFFUSION
• substances move from areas of
LOW concentration to HIGH
concentration
• Transport of large
particles
• very large particles must get in &
out of cells in a different way
• Endocytosis
• cell surrounds material & brings it in
• Exocytosis
• cell expels waste – reverse of
endocytosis
• both require energy & are forms of
ACTIVE TRANSPORT