MSE 227: Introduction to
Materials Science & Engineering
Course Objective...
Introduce fundamental concepts in MSE
You will learn about:
• material structure
• how structure dictates properties
• how processing can change structure
This course will help you to:
• use materials properly
• realize new design opportunities
with materials
Time:
Room:
T/Th 9:30 – 10:45 AM,
11:00-12:15 PM
JD3504
Instructor:
Dr. Dale Conner
Dept. of Manufacturing System
Engineering and Management
Office:
JD3511,
(818) 677-4730
Office Hour:
T, Th: 12:30-1:30 PM
6:00 – 6:45 PM
Email: rdconner@csun.edu
Prerequisites:
Corequisites:
CHEM 101, PHYS220A, PHYS220AL
MATH 150B.
Textbook:
Fundamentals of Materials Science and
Engineering, 3nd Ed. 2008.
W.D. Callister, Jr. J. Wiley & Sons, NY
Last day to drop without approval: Sept. 12, 2008
Course Description: An introductory course in engineering materials including
metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Study of atomic and
crystalline structures of materials. Application of basic principles to the study
of mechanical, physical, and chemical behavior of materials. Selection of
materials in engineering applications based on materials properties and
processing. Design project on materials properties, selection or application.
The learning objectives are:
To understand the principles of engineering and science in applications of
materials and design.
To learn to find information in literature and other available sources. To learn
to use information systems (computer, internet, and other available sources)
in engineering practice.
Methods of Students evaluation:
Two class examinations and a final examination.
Weekly quizzes and worksheets
A written report on a material of interest:
Outline due: November 13, 2008, with a list of at least six
references.
Project due: December 9, 2008.
Grading Policy
Quizzes
Mid-term Exam
Term papers
Final Exam
15.0 %
40 %
15 %
30%
The Materials Science Mantra:
The properties of a material depend upon
its composition and microstructure
The microstructure of a material depends
upon its composition and the processing
that it undergoes
Chapter 1
Materials are...
engineered structures...not blackboxes!
Structure...has many dimensions...
Structural feature
atomic bonding
missing/extra atoms
crystals (ordered atoms)
second phase particles
crystal texturing
Dimension (m)
< 10 -10
10-10
10 -8 -10-1
10 -8 -10-4
> 10 -6
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Structure, Processing, & Properties
• Properties depend on structure
ex: hardness vs structure of steel
Hardness (BHN)
(d)
600
500
400
(c)
(a)
(b)
4m
300
200
30m
30m
100
0.01 0.1
30m
Data obtained from Figs. 10.21(a)
and 10.23 with 4wt%C composition,
and from Fig. 11.13 and associated
discussion, Callister 6e.
Micrographs adapted from (a) Fig.
10.10; (b) Fig. 9.27;(c) Fig. 10.24;
and (d) Fig. 10.12, Callister 6e.
1
10 100 1000
Cooling Rate (C/s)
• Processing can change structure
ex: structure vs cooling rate of steel
2
The Materials Selection Process
1. Pick Application
Determine required Properties
Properties: mechanical, electrical, thermal,
magnetic, optical, deteriorative.
2. Properties
Identify candidate Material(s)
Material: structure, composition.
3. Material
Identify required Processing
Processing: changes structure and overall shape
ex: casting, sintering, vapor deposition, doping
forming, joining, annealing.
3
ELECTRICAL
• Electrical Resistivity of Copper:
Adapted from Fig. 18.8, Callister 6e.
(Fig. 18.8 adapted from: J.O. Linde,
Ann Physik 5, 219 (1932); and
C.A. Wert and R.M. Thomson,
Physics of Solids, 2nd edition,
McGraw-Hill Company, New York,
1970.)
• Adding “impurity” atoms to Cu increases resistivity.
• Deforming Cu increases resistivity.
4
THERMAL
• Space Shuttle Tiles:
--Silica fiber insulation
offers low heat conduction.
• Thermal Conductivity
of Copper:
Fig. 19.0, Callister 6e.
(Courtesy of Lockheed
Missiles and Space
Company, Inc.)
--It decreases when
you add zinc!
Adapted from
Fig. 19.4W, Callister
6e. (Courtesy of
Lockheed Aerospace
Ceramics Systems,
Sunnyvale, CA)
(Note: "W" denotes
fig. is on CD-ROM.)
Adapted from Fig. 19.4, Callister 6e.
(Fig. 19.4 is adapted from Metals Handbook:
Properties and Selection: Nonferrous alloys
and Pure Metals, Vol. 2, 9th ed., H. Baker,
(Managing Editor), American Society for
Metals, 1979, p. 315.)
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MAGNETIC
• Magnetic Storage:
--Recording medium
is magnetized by
recording head.
• Magnetic Permeability
vs. Composition:
--Adding 3 atomic % Si
makes Fe a better
recording medium!
6
• Transmittance:
OPTICAL
--Aluminum oxide may be transparent, translucent, or
opaque depending on the material structure.
single crystal
polycrystal:
low porosity
polycrystal:
high porosity
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DETERIORATIVE
• Stress & Saltwater...
--causes cracks!
• Heat treatment: slows
crack speed in salt water!
--material:
4m
7150-T651 Al "alloy"
(Zn,Cu,Mg,Zr)
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Course Goals:
SUMMARY
• Use the right material for the job.
• Understand the relation between properties,
structure, and processing.
• Recognize new design opportunities offered
by materials selection.
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