Topic 6 & 11: Human and Animal Physiology
11.2 Movement
Understandings
11.2.1
11.2.2
11.2.3
11.2.4
11.2.5
11.2.6
11.2.7
11.2.8
11.2.9
Applications and Skills
Bones and exoskeletons provide anchorage for
Annotation of a diagram of the human elbow.
muscles and act as levers.
Synovial joints allow certain movements but not
others.
Movement of the body requires muscles to work
Antagonistic pairs of muscles in an insect leg.
in antagonistic pairs.
Skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleate and
contain specialized endoplasmic reticulum.
Muscle fibers contain many myofibrils.
Each myofibril is made up of contractile
Drawing labeled diagrams of the structure of a
sarcomeres.
sarcomere.
The contraction of the skeletal muscle is achieved
by the sliding of actin and myosin filaments.
ATP hydrolysis and cross bridge formation are
necessary for the filaments to slide.
Calcium ions and the proteins tropomyosin and
Analysis of electron micrographs to find the state of
troponin control muscle contractions.
contraction of muscle fibers.
Cambridge University Press – Biology for the IB Diploma
11.2 – pages 346-353