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• New cells formed in the meristems of a plant are similar in appearance and function
• Some must remain meristematic
• Most mature and become other tissues

• Highlight or underline- Tissues may be classified
• I Meristems
• II Permanent
– A Dermal- surface
– B Ground
• Parenchyma
• Collenchyma
• Sclerenchyma
C Vascular
• Xylem
• Phloem

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• A simple tissue is composed of only one cell type.
• Complex tissues contain more than one cell type

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Apical meristems are located at the tips of stems and roots.
The activity of these meristems results in an increase in plant length.
This is primary growth
The resulting tissues are called primary tissues

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Lateral meristems are found near the periphery of stems and roots and are responsible for increase in diameter.
This is know as secondary growth and secondary tissues

Others?
Questions 4a and b
Guard Cells Bean shaped

Observe and answer questions 4 a and b.

Observe and answer Question 5a and b
Other epidermal cells

Questions 6 and 7
6. Protects against __?__ loss
7. The guard cells regulate the size of stomata. As a result they control gas exchange and water loss

Question 8
Clue: how many kinds of cells are present?

Epidermal

Periderm or cork
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Periderm replaces the epidermis on plants with active lateral meristems.
Cork cells fit tightly together and are dead at maturity.

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Collenchyma is a simple tissue with irregularly thickened cell walls

Collenchyma
Answer
Question 9

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Parenchyma is the most common kind of simple tissue. It makes up the bulk of the herbaceous (non woody) plant body.

Parenchyma

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Sclerenchyma cells have thick secondary cell walls and are dead at maturity
In contrast to collenchyma has evenly thickened walls

Sclerenchyma
Very thick walls
Question 11

Sclerenchyma Fibers
Figure 2.11

Question 12
Sclerenchyma Parenchyma Collenchyma
Figure 2.12

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Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma are basic cell types that often form simple tissues. Frequent references will be made of these three tissues. Know their characteristics and main functions.