Smart Start
Lamar
Houston
Complete the Venn diagram of Sam
Houston and Lamar’s presidency then
complete the Smart Start questions.
Smart Start
1. The Cordova Rebellion and the Council House fight are both examples of conflicts during the
Lamar administration that involved
A. Catholic Priest
c. enslaved Texans
B. Tejano Landowners
d. American Indian Tribes
2. Primary goal of the Santa Fe Expedition was to
A. Establish a western boundary of Texas
c. Free Anglo captives from Comanche leaders
B. Escort the Cherokee tribe to Oklahoma d. rescue Texas Rangers trapped in New Mexico
3. Sam Houston opposed building a navy for Texas because he thought it would
A. Drain Texas’s finances
c. heighten tensions with Mexico
B. Anger the USA
d. curb trade on Caribbean sea
Smart Start
1. The Cordova Rebellion and the Council House fight are both examples of conflicts during the
Lamar administration that involved
A. Catholic Priest
c. enslaved Texans
B. Tejano Landowners
d. American Indian Tribes
2. Primary goal of the Santa Fe Expedition was to
A. Establish a western boundary of Texas
c. Free Anglo captives from Comanche leaders
B. Escort the Cherokee tribe to Oklahoma d. rescue Texas Rangers trapped in New Mexico
3. Sam Houston opposed building a navy for Texas because he thought it would
A. Drain Texas’s finances
c. heighten tensions with Mexico
B. Anger the USA
d. curb trade on Caribbean sea
We will….
- describe how Texas became the 28th State of the USA
- Explain how the Mier expedition affected our relations with Mexico
WHAT DO I BELIEVE?
When Texans put Lamar into office it influenced Texans to believe in a
more intense policy for Texas (wars with Native Americans, no peace
with Mexico.) Now Sam Houston will take over again, Texans will have to
decide what to believe in once again.
I will….
Where dey at doe?
Organize the pros and cons of
Texas finally becomes part of the
Annexation with the USA, then
USA in today’s lesson. How would
come to a conclusion of whether or
life be different if we remained our
not it was a good idea for Texas to
own nation forever? Would we be
be annexed (from Texas’ point of
successful?
view.)
Key Terms
• Decimation
• Archives
Decimation
This key term is used improperly by most people. Most people
will state that decimation means to totally destroy, it does
not. By breaking this down in Latin we can figure out its
meaning. Deci- (decimatio) is the combining form for ten,
tenth or 1/10. The word as a whole describes death, killing, or
removal of that fraction. Decimation was a policy originally
used by romans to punish military deserters or disobedient
subjects.
Decimate means to kill
____% of the population.
a) 1%
b) 10%
c) 90%
d) 100%
Archives
The president put all of the important archives in an
special safe. The archives of the nation would be
very important because they are the official
documents used by the state. These could be public
records, speeches, letters, papers, and other
important documents.
Which of the following would NOT be
included in the state archives?
a) constitution
b) declaration of independence
c) inaugural address speech copy
d) autobiography of a president
Setting
the
Scene
It’s now or never! If the USA decides against
annexation,
I tooin will
drop
the Sam
cause
for to
Ashbel
Smith, a polititian
Texas,
met with
Houston
discuss
the issueand
of independence
vs. annexation
with the
annexation
Texas will remain
independent!
USA.
Houston came into my private room, booted, spurred. He said
“Saxe Weimar” the name of his horse “is at the door. I have
come to leave Houston’s last words with you. If the congress
of the United States shall not by the fourth of March pass
some measure of annexation which Texas can be proud, I will
give a series of speeches against annexation for all time to
come.”
Ashbel Smith (describing Houston’s quote)
Sam Houston Returns as President!
• In 1841 Houston was elected
president again
– Lamar couldn’t run for a 2nd term
because Texas did not allow
consecutive terms
• A clear division between the
followers of Houston and Lamar
emerged
– Texas were not sure of the direction
their country was headed
Annexation
stinks! Texas
should be its
own country
forever!
Gee, it’s great
to be back
home in the
office of the
President! I
really hope we
join the USA
Soon!
Sam Houston,
our 1st and 3rd
elected president
Silence, you imbecile!
You almost got us
into ANOTHER war
with Mexico and
doubled our debt!
CFU – Stop & Jot
Why is the debt a
problem?
The Debt Problem
And they wonder
why I never smile
in pictures…
Public Debt in Dollars
12,000,000
10,000,000
8,000,000
6,000,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
0
During the
War
Sam
Lamar's
Houston's Presidency
First Term
Sam
Houstons
Second
Term
If we don’t solve
this problem,
Texas will be
doomed! No one
will give us any
confidence.
A Return to Sam Houston’s Government
• Sam Houston cut government
spending
– Spent $600,000 less than his first
presidency
• Cut back on Lamar’s expansion policies
• Cut military spending
– Reduced the army
– Disbanded the Navy
• Worked to restore peace with Mexico
– Brought Texas’ Navy back from Yucatan
(Mexico) where they were helping
another group break away from Mexico
The Best policy for Texas
right now is to basically do
the opposite of whatever
Lamar did.
Threat of Mexico = Still Present!
• On March 5th, 1842 General Rafael
Vasquez and 700 soldiers took over
San Antonio
CFU - Turn and Talk
– Declared the land still belonged to
Mexico, then left after two days
Who here still
hates Texas?
Me!
• SixSanta
months
later,surrendered
on 09/11 thehis
Anna
Mexicans
(under
general
troops!
Why
wereWoll)
the
returned again with 1,400 soldiers
still300
taking
military
–Mexicans
Houston sent
militiamen
to stop
them against the Texans?
action
• Mexican troops retreated and crossed
the border at the Rio Grande before
they could be intercepted by Texan
forces
– Texans needed more supplies so they
waited at the Rio Grande before
chasing them into Mexico
Me!
Me!
Me!
The Mier Expedition
• The Texans crossed the Rio
Grande into Mexico and
demanded the citizens of
Mier (a small town) to give
them supplies
• Mexicans surround Texans
and trap them
– Texan soldiers are taken as
prisoner
– Mexico orders men to be
marched to the Perote
prison
– Texans were not sure what
would happen
Texans crossing the Rio Grande
into Mexico
CFU - Mexican Point of view
Texas agreed that the Rio Grande was the
border of their territory. Now that the
Texans have crossed the border, what
could you do to them as a Mexican
General?
Perote Prison
The decimation took place by the drawing of black and white
beans from a small earthen mug. The white ones signified
exemption and the black ones death. On hundred and fifty
nine white beans were placed in the bottom of the mug and
seventeen black ones on top of them.
Thomas J. Green (Journal)
More Conflicts
• Texans not only fought with the
Mexicans but also fought with each
other
• The Archives war
– Houston wanted to move the capital
from Austin to Washington-on-theBrazos
• Texans living in Austin did not allow the
archives (official state documents) to be
moved
• Regulator-Moderator War
– Lawlessness encouraged violence in
East Texas
• Two groups fight to control the territory
– Houston is forced to send 600 troops to
calm the activity
Angelina Eberly kept the
capital in Austin
The Fight for Annexation
• Houston believes that annexation is the
only way to solve the nation of Texas’
problems
– Debt
• USA has money we can use
– Threat of Mexico
• Mexicans will be afraid of USA’s military
• Houston devotes a lot of energy to
making TX a part of the USA in this 2nd
term
– New president Dr. Anson Jones is elected
in 1844 (also wants annexation)
• Texas is a controversial addition because
of our policy of slavery
We should annex
Texas, it will give us
more land, and
more citizens! This
means more power!
Annexation Success!
• The U.S. Congress approved Texas’
addition to the union on February
26th, 1845
• The addition of TX to the USA put
pressure on foreign countries to
recognize that Mexico no longer
had control of the territory
• Texas congress approved the
annexation
• Some Americans, like the New
York delegation, were upset about
the annexation of Texas
And so a
new flag
rises over
Texas!
Guided Practice
Organize the pros and cons of Annexation with
the USA, then come to a conclusion of whether
or not it was a good idea for Texas to be
annexed (from Texas’ point of view.)