NOTE: This presentation was not made for public use. Please do not use this presentations without my permission and the permission of each of the authors of the photographs, quotes, and other materials that they contain. Thank you, Vicki Hughes ROOTS: Cardio = heart A = without Artero = artery Athero = fibrous Capillus = hair Dia = through Epi = on top of Hemat/hemo = blood Sclero = hardening Vena = vein Ventri – belly Assignments: OL CH 11 Reading Quiz OL CH 11 Practice Test CHAPTER 11: Cardiovascular System The HEART The HEART Quiz 7 8 1 6 3 4 5 2 10 9 11 12 15 13 16 17 14 20 21 18 19 Valve Repair Two kinds of replacement valves: • mechanical valve (man-made) • biological valve (animals like pigs) http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/human_heart.html BLOOD FLOW Vena cava Pulmonary vein Lt. Atrium Rt. Atrium Lungs Bicuspid valve Tricuspid valve Pulmonary artery Lt. Ventricle BODY Rt. Ventricle Pulmonary valve Aortic valve Aorta (superior and inferior) http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp49/49020.html Heart Sounds The opening and closing of the valves of the heart make the sounds we hear. These sounds are usually referred to as “Lub” and “Dup.” “Lub” = AV valves closing (Tricuspid and Mitral) “Dup” = Semilunar valves closing (Pulmonary and Aortic) Sounds of the Heart http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/esp/2002_general/Esp/default.htm http://depts.washington.edu/physdx/heart/demo.html Purkinje fibers http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hhw/hhw_electrical.html Electrocardiography QRS Complex Ventricular depolarization (Atrial repolarization is hidden) R Ventricular repolarization Atrial depolarization T P Q S http://www.getbodysmart.com/ap/circulatorysystem/heart/electricalevents/ecg/tutorial.html Lab: Dissection of Sheep Heart You will need: Scissors Probes (1 per person and 4 extras) Blades Yarn Large needlepoint needle PPE (personal protection equipment) Pan Paper towels Paring knife Sheep heart http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4LafBUUZw&feature=related Congestive Heart Failure A healthy heart maintains a balance between cardiac output and venous return. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) occurs when the output is insufficient for the tissues needs. > hormonal activities > kidney function http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnpLm9fzYxU&feature=related Myocardial Infarction (heart attack) occurs when the blood supply to the heart is blocked by an embolus. http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&v=H_VsHmoRQKk&NR=1 Vascular System Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart. Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart. Structure of Blood Vessels 3 layers: Outer = connective tissue Middle = smooth, elastic tissue Inner = endothelial tissue Capillaries = 1 layer allowing for diffusion of materials Blood Pressure Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts against the inner walls of blood vessels. Although this force occurs throughout the vascular system, the term "blood pressure" most commonly refers to pressure in arteries supplied by branches of the aorta. The oscillating pressure in these arteries produces a "pulse." Arterial Pulse = pressure wave produces by alternating expansion and recoil of an artery. Pg 338 http://www.medindia.n et/animation/how-tocount-pulse.asp Cardiovascular Checkup Activity 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Check your pulse. Record your beats per minute. Run (or march) in place for 60 seconds. Check your pulse again. Record your beats per minute. Run for another 60 seconds. Record your beats per minute. Repeat three more times, running 60 seconds each time. Graph your results. http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/bloodpressure.html Quick Lab: Using a sphygmomanometer Taking your blood pressure http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNSOQ7hYL5U&feature=related Aortic Aneurysm = swelling of the aorta Surgery: Aortic Aneurysm Repair http://www.edheads.org/activities/aortic/index.shtml Any Questions?