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TAMPA ELECTRIC GENERATION
• BIG BEND STATION
1900 MW
4 Coal fired steam units
•BAYSIDE POWER STATION
Repowered NGCC
One 3 on 1
One 4 on 1
•POLK POWER STATION
One IGCC
Two Peaking CT’s
•PHILLIPS POWER STATION
Two slow speed diesels
TOTAL CAPACITY (approx)
1800 MW
650 MW
36 MW
________
4400 MW
POLK POWER STATION
• UNIT 1 IGCC, Base load on syngas, intermediate on oil
Combined cycle, GE 7F, 7221
192MW
GE D11, steam
120MW
Dual fuel, Syngas/Distillate Oil
DOE Clean Coal Technology co-funding $120M
In service 1996
•UNIT 2, 3, 4 & 5 Simple Cycle CT, Peaking
Simple cycle
GE 7FA+E, 7241
165 MW each
2 & 3 Dual fuel, Nat gas/Distillate Oil; 4 & 5 Nat Gas only
Unit 2 in service 2000, Unit 3 2002, Units 4&5 2007
•Total site over 4000 acres (previously mined for phosphate)
750 acre cooling pond
80 Tampa Electric employees
POLK 1 – Technology Summary
• Gasification technology originally developed by Texaco, now
owned by General Electric
• Oxygen blown, slurry fed, entrained flow gasifier
• Operating pressure 400 psi nominal
• Gasifier vessel refractory lined (largest built)
• Radiant plus convective syngas coolers for heat recovery
• Single train configuration (one gasifier supplying one CT)
• CT is GE 7F w/ MNQC combusters, larger 1st stage nozzle
• Diluent N2 plus syngas saturation for NOx control
• Modest air extraction rate from CT to ASU
• Feedstock is 2200 tons/day coal and petroleum coke blend
• ASU by Air Products, 2100 tons/day oxygen production
• Sulfuric acid plant by Monsanto, (unique to Florida)
• Acid gas removal via MDEA and COS hydrolysis
GASIFIER STRUCTURE
COAL SILOS
N
AERIALSLURRY
PHOTO
PREPARATION
SULFURIC ACID PLANT
OXYGEN PLANT
YOU ARE HERE
UNIT 3 CT UNIT 2 CT
UNDER CONSTRUCTION
CONTROL
ADMINISTRATION
,
HRSG
1 CT
STEAM UNIT
TURBINE
Diluent Nitrogen
5250 TPD
MDEA Acid Gas Removal
Acid Gas
H2S + CO2
To Sulfuric
Acid Plant
Saturator
Overall Flowsheet
Cooling
Water
COS
Hydrolysis
Cold
Box
(COS
55 psig
Steam
H2S)
Oxygen
LP
Steam
2100 TPD
400
psig
Steam
Dryers
Main Air
Compressor
32 MW
Product
Compressors
18 MW
Gasifier
Coal &
Pet Coke
2300 TPD
Water &
Recycled Char
7000 KSCFH
Clean Syngas
BFW
Final Filter
Water
Scrubbers
Combustor
Clean
Stack
Gas
450 gpm
Slurry
Rod Mills
Backup/Startup
Distillate Fuel
Compressor
Air
Turbine
Combustion
Turbine
Generator
192 MW
Char & Cl
Radiant
Syngas
Cooler
Heat Recovery
Steam Generator
(HRSG)
Raw
Syngas
Convective
BFW Pump
Syngas
Cooler
Slurry
Tanks
Slurry
Pump
Generator
123 MW
1600 psig
Saturated
Steam
Economized
Boiler
Feedwater
Steam Turbine
Condenser
Lockhopper
Char &
Slag
Condensate
Pump
Cooling
Water
IGCC DRIVER
LOW EMISSIONS
FROM
LOW COST FEEDSTOCKS
FOR
LOW COST ELECTRICITY
POLK 1 PERFORMANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL
• Polk rated the “Cleanest Coal Fired
Power Plant in North America” by the
Energy Probe Research Foundation
(total emissions from 2002 TRI data)
LOW EMISSIONS
Typical Emissions (Lb/MMBTU)
Polk
(Permit)
Polk
(Steady State)
Expected
New IGCC
SO2
0.14
0.12
0.02
NOx
0.055
0.04
0.02 (w/SCR)
Particulate 0.007
Mercury
NA
<0.004
NA
(New IGCC values are basis 8,800 hhv btu/kwh net)
0.007
90% removal
OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL
ADVANTAGES
•Beneficial Reuse of Sulfur – H2SO4 at Polk
•Beneficial Reuse of Slag
•Low Water Use (2/3 that of PC unit)
•Minimal solid waste (no gypsum from FGD)
•Zero Process Water Discharge
ENVIRONMENTAL
OPPORTUNITIES
Mercury - Cost-Effective Removal on IGCC
using small activated carbon bed
( $0.25/MWh vs. $3.10/MWh for PC)
• Testing done at Polk
• Commercially at Eastman to 95+%
Other Volatile Metals – Will also be removed
by carbon bed
ENVIRONMENTAL
OPPORTUNITIES
CO2 Removal
Solvents used for sulfur removal can also remove
CO2 (more cost effective due to <1% volume)
For New Solid Fuel Power Plants (EPRI estimates)
25% Higher COE with IGCC
50% + Higher COE with PC
CO2 Sequestration
Saline aquifer injection – USF feasibility study
FUEL FLEXIBILITY
• Polk has operated on over 20 different fuels
including: Coals
Coal Blends
Coal/Pet Coke Blends
Coal/Coke/Biomass Blends
• Slagging gasifier requires somewhat higher fusion
temps (Polk targets 2350 – 2700 F T-250 temps)
• Low rank fuels can be used in slurry fed gasifiers,
but hurt efficiency
• Power block can operate on syngas or distillate oil
LOW COST FEEDSTOCKS
RELATIVE FUEL PRICES AT POLK
• 40% Coal/60% Pet Coke Blend
1.0
• Pet Coke
0.7
• Coal
1.5
• Natural Gas
3.6
• Low Sulfur Oil
6.0
RENEWABLE FUELS
BIOMASS CO-UTILIZATION TESTS
• Eucalyptus Biomass Test - December, 2001
• Bahiagrass Biomass Test - April, 2004
(Bahiagrass Harvest and Storage Test
started approximately one year prior)
• No impact on syngas quality or emissions
• Minor issues with material handling
REPRESENTATIVE COSTS
Fuel processing costs per mmbtu fuel input
(Excludes combined cycle costs)
Fuel
$1.62
O&M
$0.96
“Controllable Expense”
$2.58
A&G, Depreciation, Taxes, etc
$1.06
Solid Fuel Processing Cost
$3.64
For Natural Gas Comparison,
Multiply by heat rate ratio:
$3.64 X 9,500 / 7,000 = $4.93
Current Natural Gas Price: $8.00 +/-
KEY AVAILABILITY STATISTICS
Polk Unit 1 IGCC Factors
CT On Syngas
Early CT Fleet Issues
CT Availability
Early CT Fleet Issues
Hours / Period Hours x 100
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
96
97
98
99
00
01
Year
02
03
04
05
06
TEC’s ADVANCMENTS of IGCC
• Refractory life extension to 3 years
• Successful integration of fines recycle
• NOx below 15ppm with diluent N2 and saturation
• Successful zero process water discharge system
• Air extraction/integration with GE 7F turbine
• IGCC use with sulfuric acid plant with variable %
• Leader in clean coal power production > 13M gwhrs
• IGCC ambassadors, 4000+ visitors
PERCEPTIONS AND MISPERCEPTIONS
REGARDING IGCC
• HIGHER INSTALLED COST – TRUE
Current estimates are 10 – 20% higher than SCPC unit with scrubber and
SCR. This is offset by lower fuel cost and reduced emissions.
• NO SINGLE SUPPLIER OR OVERALL PERFORMANCE
GUARANTEE – NO LONGER TRUE
Alliances GE/Bechtel and Conoco/Phillips-Fluor are offering comprehensive
EPC contracts with performance guarantees.
• NO FINANCIAL REWARD FOR SUPERIOR
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE – SOMEWHAT TRUE
IGCC is capable of lower emissions than other coal based technologies and
will be the most cost effective at mercury and CO2 removal. Anticipated
environmental regulations will define financial value.
PERCEPTIONS AND MISPERCEPTIONS
REGARDING IGCC (cont’d)
• IGCC HAS LOW AVAILABILITY – NOT TRUE
Overall reliability of the power block is higher than other “coal-fired” units
(95%). The dual fuel capability of IGCC adds significant value. Gasifier
reliability (currently low 80%), will be higher for next generation, dual train
plants.
• IGCC IS EXPERIMENTAL AND REQUIRES UNIQUE SKILLS
– NOT TRUE
Gasification has been used since the 1800’s and there are hundreds of gasifiers
operating worldwide. The first generation IGCC plants have now been in
service for 10 years.
Tampa Electric (a modest size electric utility) has successfully operated and
maintained the Polk Unit 1 IGCC since 1996.
POLK UNIT 6
• TEC is planning for the addition of a 630 MW IGCC
unit in 2013.
• Preliminary engineering and preparations for
permitting and regulatory approval are in progress.
• TEC has been awarded a $133.5M tax credit under
the Energy Policy Act of 2005 for Polk 6.
• Expected configuration is two gasifiers feeding two
CT’s with one ST. Minimum scale up (same size
gasifiers as Polk 1).
• Allowances made in design for addition of CO2
capture and sequestration equipment.