

Biology 1
Unit 5

Photosynthesis
o Process by which a plant converts solar energy into chemical energy

Chlorophyll
o Green pigment found in leaves of plants that absorbs light energy

Cellular Respiration
o Process that converts chemical energy in nutrients into chemical
energy in the form of ATP

Fermentation
o Process of breaking down pyruvate/pyruvic acid in the absence of
oxygen

Kreb’s Cycle
o Process of breaking down pyruvate/pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide,
water, and ATP

Glycolysis
o Process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate/pyruvic acid and
ATP

Electron Transport Chain
o Series of chemical reactions ending with hydrogen combining with
oxygen to produce water; each reaction produces ATP
2.
Write the overall equation for photosynthesis:
o
3.
What is the source of oxygen produced in photosynthesis?
o
4.
Water molecules being split during the light reaction
What are the products of photosynthesis?
o
o
5.
6CO2 + 6H2O –(light) C6H12O6 + 6O2
Glucose, oxygen
Also makes ADP/NADP+ to be reused in the light reaction
What is the ultimate source of energy for all living things on
Earth?
o
The sun
6.
Where is photosynthesis performed?
o
7.
During photosynthesis, what is the series of reactions to
create glucose, or complex carbohydrates?
o
8.
Chloroplast of plant leaves
Light-Independent Reaction, Dark Reaction or Calvin Cycle
During photosynthesis, what can be produced from the
products of the dark reaction?
o
ATP and NADPH from ADP and NADP+
9.
What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
o
10.
What occurs during the glycolysis stage of cellular
respiration?
o
11.
Glucose and oxygen
Glucose is broken down into pyruvate molecules or pyruvic acid
What is produced when muscles are exercised extensively
in the absence of oxygen?
o
Lactic acid
12.
What are the two stages of cellular respiration?
o
13.
In what organisms does alcoholic fermentation take place?
o
14.
Yeast and bacteria
Where does glycolysis occur?
o
15.
Glycolysis then respiration, either aerobic or anaerobic
cytoplasm
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
o
mitochondria
16.
Name the stages of cellular respiration.
o
Glycolysis then respiration
•
•
17.
The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of what?
o
18.
Aerobic respiration  Kreb’s cycle and ETC
Anaerobic respiration  lactic acid fermentation or alcohol
fermentation
Cellular respiration
What does the Kreb’s Cycle produce?
o
Carbon dioxide, 2 ATP
19.
Water is an end product of what part of cellular
respiration?
o
20.
Cellular respiration begins in the cytoplasm and ends in
the ____.
o
21.
Electron Transport Chain
mitochondria
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
o
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
22.
How many phosphate groups make up ATP?
o
23.
What is the biological importance of ATP?
o
24.
Energy carrier molecule. It stores energy
When ATP loses its energy in a phosphate bond, what does
it become?
o
25.
three
ADP
What are the 3 parts of ATP?
o
A nitrogenous base (adenine), sugar (ribose), and 3 phosphate
groups
26.
When cells break down food molecules, what happens to
the energy?
o
27.
What does ATP stand for?
o
28.
Adenosine triphosphate
How many ATP molecules are produced during cellular
respiration?
o
29.
It gets stored as ATP
34-36 ATP
What happens when ATP releases a phosphate group?
o
It releases the energy that was stored
58
Total questions
o 55 multiple choice including some from
other tests
o 3 short answer
• Experimental design problem
• General photosynthesis question
• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
relationship question