Salvete!
• Mihi nomen est Magistra Whipple
– The name Magistra Whipple is to me
**mihi = Dative of Possession**
• Quod tibi nomen est?
– What name is to you?
**tibi = ????**
– Responde: Mihi nomen est _____________
• Quid agis?
– Idiom – How are you?
– Literally means “What are you doing?”
• Responde
– Bene = well
– Male=badly
-- Optime= very well
-- Pessime= very badly
• Go over Sylabus
• Today’s homework:
– Look up in an English dictionary to find the English
definition and the Latin root word
• Nominate
• Binomial Nomenclature
Why are you taking Latin?
1. Origin of medical terms
•
Patella = little bowl =
– kneecap
•
Latissimus dorsi =
– widest of the back = back muscle
•
Muscle = mus + culum =
– little mouse
• Genuflect =
– bend at the knee
•
Oral = os, oris =
– mouth
• aural = auris = ear
•
Osculum = os + culum =
– little mouth = kiss
– (osculate = to kiss)
Why are you taking Latin?
2. Legal terms
•
Habeas corpus =
– you may have the body
• court order which directs the law enforcement officials (prison administrators,
police or sheriff) who have custody of a prisoner to appear in court with the
prisoner to help the judge determine whether the prisoner is lawfully in prison or
jail.
•
Modus operandi =
– M.O. of a crime = method of operating
– (operandi is a gerund)
Why are you taking Latin?
3. Increase vocabulary
•
Umbrella = umbra=shade + ella = small ===== little shade
• So who is Cinderella?????
•
Somnambulist = somnium + ambulo
•
Compounds of specto:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Spectacle,
spectacular,
inspect,
circumspect,
respect,
disrespect
Prospect
• Compounds of duco:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ductile,
induce,
deduce,
deduct,
product,
conduct,
reduce,
introduce,
Seduce
• Compounds of scribo
(scriptum):
•
•
•
•
•
•
Inscribe,
prescribe,
describe,
proscribe,
conscribe,
post scriptum
Is it a dead language????
• Do you need to know how to say “Where is
the bathroom?”
Ubi est latrina?
• Or do you need to know the word
ubiquitous?
Common phrases (mottoes)
• Labor omnia vincit.
• A.D. =
• Labor conquers all
• Ad astra per aspera.
• To the stars through difficulties •
• On the dollar bill:
• E pluribus unum
• One out of many
• annuit coeptis
• He has blessed the undertakings.
• novus ordo seclorum
• New order of the ages.
• Anno Domini
• In the year of the Lord
B.C. –
• before Christ
Dollar Bill
Roman History Overview
• April 21, 753 B.C. founding of Rome by
Romulus and Remus
• 753-509 B.C.
Monarchy (7 kings)
• 509- 44 B.C.
Republic
• 27 B.C. - 476 A.D. Empire (west falls)
•
-1453 A.D. Empire (east falls)
Maps
Latium
•Rome
•Latium
•Naples
•Tiber River
•Apennine Mountains
•Tyrrhenian Sea
•Adriatic Sea
•Venice
•Florence
Important things to know about
Latin
• Origin of the term Latin:
– Latium = area around Rome
– Latinus = early king of Rome whose daughter,
Lavinia, married Aeneas
• Origin of the Romance languages:
– Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Romanian
– Roman --> Romance
Another important thing to know
• Latin is an Inflected language - not a language
of order, but a language of
– bent “flect” words.
– E.G. Labor omnia vincit = Omnia vincit labor
• Does NOT mean Latin has no order, just means
order is a guideline, not a rule necessary for
understanding the language
– Typical order:
subject object
verb
What word describes you?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Altus, alta = tall
Brevis, brevis = short
candidus, -a = bright, shining
Parvus, parva
Magnus, magna
Stultus, stulta = stupid
Fatuus, fatua = foolish
Ignavus, ignava=lazy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Diligens,diligens
Piger, pigra= lazy
Bonus
Malus
Miser, misera
Pulcher, pulchra
Clarus
Laetus
Felix
How about these?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
pinguis, pinguis
gravis, gravis
clemens
rotundus
fortis
intelligens
sapiens
longus
latus
fidelis
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
fidus
caeruleus
flavus
ruber, rubra
saevus
ferus
beatus
Tacitus
Solus