Block 1 Civil War Learning Stations
Station 1 - New England
Person 1:
Read page 27 in “Life in the North During the Civil War”
“War Fever Sweeps the North”
Questions:
1: Why would Lincoln use the strategy of not mentioning war, a common current event and major problem, in any
of his political speeches or approaches?
2. What did leaders in the north see of the war fever and what was their view on it? What was their view on war?
3a.Summarize what the Chicago Journal stated about the South
3b. who was in support of the Chicago Journal?
Person 2:
Read page 23-27 on the “Anaconda Plan” in the book “Mr. Lincoln’s High Tech War”
The Anaconda Plan helped the north win the civil war.
Questions
1. What was the name of the general that created The Anaconda Plan, and what was the strategy he used to
conquered the south?
2. On page 27, the Union deliberately burned their own supplies, such as ships, to keep the south from using them.
Was this a good idea?
Next read page 111-112 on railroads
1. Railroads had “introduced a new and very important element into the war.” Do you agree or disagree with this
statement? How?
2. Look at the map on page 112. Name one railroad in the New England Colonies.
3. What was one possible reason the north may have had a denser network of railroads?
Person 3
Go to: http://www.americanancestors.org/new-england-african-americans-in-the-civil-war/
Questions:
1. The following quote, “Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters, U.S., let him get an eagle on
his button, and a musket on his shoulder and bullets in his pockets, and there is no power on earth which can deny
that he has earned the right to citizenship in the United States." Who is this quote spoken by? Describe the message
he is trying to convey.
2. Why do you think the President did not authorize the use of African Americans into combat until the issuance of
the Emancipation Proclamation?
Scroll down to the section titled: Massachusetts Regiments. Answer the following questions:
3. Describe the event that occurred on July 18, 1863. Why was it it significant?
Next go to the following website:
http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/biographies/benjamin-butler.html
4. Who was Benjamin Butler? Describe why he was disliked by many.
5. What role did Butler play in the war, how was this significant?
Person 4
Read pages 31-32 (Preparing for War) in the book, The Civil War: The North.
Questions:
1. The first paragraph states that the “crisis appeared serious, and fighting inevitable,many still hoped that some
kind of compromise could be worked out.” Was war the only option? Or could a compromise have been made to
make all states happy? If so, what would the compromise be?
2. What is the significance of the date April 12, 1861?
Read pages 37-39
3. Who did President Lincoln give his speech to on July 4, 1861?
4. What was the ultimatum given to the Southern Government by the North?
Person 5:
In the book Life During the North in the Civil War, read pages 43-44 “Lincolns Draft” and answer the following
questions.
1. Do you think it was necessary for Lincoln to propose a draft? Why?
2. Describe who the bounty jumpers were and their purpose in the drafts. Why did they do what they did and do
you think it had a positive or negative effect on the draft? Why?
Everyone
1. From what you’ve read and prior knowledge, did the north or south have a greater advantage in the war? Why?
Station 2 – Mid Atlantic
MarylandEmancipation Proclamation
Battle of Antietam- bloodiest battle in American History, and first American Civil war battle fought on Union Soil.
General Lee, commander of the Northern Virginia Army, moved to strike Union territory in Maryland. A
Confederate messenger dropped a copy of the battle plans, which was found by a Union soldier. The Union then
learned that Lee's forces were divided, so General Grant attacked. Antietam (Sharpsburg) was a day long battle on
September 17, 1862 at Antietam Creek in Maryland. (Inconclusive but allowed Lincoln to behold a
“victory”) 131,000 total and 22,717 dead or wounded.
Battle of South Mountain- Robert E. Lee led the Army of Northern Virginia on an invasion of Maryland in
September of 1862. Lee divided his army, sending a portion of it into western Maryland while Stonewall Jackson's
wing attempted to capture the Federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry. The bold plan was jeopardized on September 13
when a mislaid copy of Lee's orders revealing the Confederates' plans and positions was given to Union
commander Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan. Emboldened by this intelligence, McClellan tried to force his army
through three passes in the South Mountain range on September 14, 1862. Intense fighting drew increasing
numbers of troops of both armies to Fox's, Turner's, and Crampton's gaps. (Union Victory) 56,000 total and 5,010
dead or wounded.
New York-Contributed regiments, supplies, and artillery to Union forces.
-New York City Draft Riots: Starting on July 13, 1863, low class Irish immigrants and other poor whites violently
rioted against conscription to the Union Army; this draft would be in place until New York had supplied 18,000
troops. What angered the rioters was that the wealthy could hire someone to take their place or just pay $300 to
avoid conscription. A majority of the Irish immigrants blamed blacks, due to the war being fought over their
emancipation. According to historian James McPherson, "No black person was safe. Rioters beat several, lynched a
half-dozen, smashed the homes and property of scores.”
-Troy Anti-Draft Riot: 2000-3000 New Yorkers attend an anti-draft riot on July 15, 1863. It soon turns violent when
the rioters (labeled “mechanics”) attack the Troy Times offices; the Troy Times was a pro-lincoln newspaper.
Despite the pleading of important citizens, the rioters rushed into the office and started throwing objects out the
window. After the rioters accomplished destroying the office, they then tried to attack an African-American church,
but the reverend Havermans and McDonough stopped them.
-Many New Yorkers participated in the Battle of Gettysburg. The first shot was fired by a New York Cavalryman on
picket duty. The question remains as to who actually fired the shot, but many speculate it was Corporal Alphonse
Hodges. A New Yorker was also the first casualty of the battle; Corporal Cyrus W. James of the 9th New York
Volunteer Cavalry was the first recorded death. Overall, 1000 New Yorkers killed, 4000 were wounded, and 2000
were M.I.A. or captured.
DelawareSlave state that stayed in the Union, said they were the first in the union, and would be the last to leave it
Rejected 13th amendment (freeing slaves)
Carried Huge regimental flags to identify themselves during battles
Fort Delaware was used as a prison-of-war compound and was nicknamed “The Andersonville of the North” due to
how the poor conditions are measurable to Andersonville Prison in Fort Sumter
New JerseyProvided troops, equipment and leaders for the Union.
No major battles were fought on Jersey land
Leaders and volunteers played important roles: Philip Kearny and George B. McClellan (Army of the Potomac)
Last Northern state to abolish slavery
PennsylvaniaBattle of Gettysburg - one of the Largest battles of Civil war. Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee concentrated his army
around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, upon the approach of Union Gen. George G. Meade’s forces. On July 1,
Confederates drove Union defenders through Gettysburg to Cemetery Hill. The next day Lee struck the flanks of
the Union line resulting in severe fighting at Devil's Den, Little Round Top, the Wheatfield, Peach Orchard, Culp’s
Hill and East Cemetery Hill. Southerners gained ground but failed to dislodge the Union host. On the morning of
July 3rd, fighting raged at Culp’s Hill with the Union regaining its lost ground. That afternoon, after a massive
artillery bombardment, Lee attacked the Union center on Cemetery Ridge and was repulsed with heavy losses in
what is known as Pickett’s Charge. (Union Victory) 165,620 total and 51,112 dead or wounded.
Gettysburg Address - Given on November 19, 1863 by lincoln at the dedication of Soldier’s National Cemetery. It is
one of the most famous speeches given in History.
“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to
the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long
endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place
for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and
dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long
remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the
unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great
task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last
full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God,
shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the
earth.”
D.C.Military headquarters and logistics center during the Civil War.
VirginiaFirst Battle of Bull Run- Union troops gathered around Washington D.C. in hope of seizing Manassas, VA, which
was a vital railroad, but the Confederate troops aligned the creek waiting for Union forces at Bull Run. This was the
first large battle of the war. The Confederate forces defeated the Union. 60,680 total and 4,878 dead or wounded
Battle of Hampton Roads- - On March 8, 1862, from her berth at Norfolk, the Confederate ironclad Virginia
steamed into Hampton Roads where she sank Cumberland and ran Congress aground. On March 9, the Union
ironclad Monitor having fortuitously arrived to do battle, initiated the first engagement of ironclads in history. The
two ships fought each other to a standstill, but Virginia retired. Inconclusive on who won the battle. 1,588 total
and 393 dead or wounded
Battle of Yorktown- (Inconclusive)- Marching from Fort Monroe, Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan’s army
encountered Maj. Gen. John B. Magruder’s small Confederate army at Yorktown behind the Warwick
River. Magruder’s theatrics convinced the Federals that his works were strongly held. McClellan suspended the
march up the Peninsula toward Richmond, ordered the construction of siege fortifications, and brought his heavy
siege guns to the front. In the meantime, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston brought reinforcements for Magruder. On 16
April, Union forces probed a weakness in the Confederate line at Lee’s Mill or Dam No. 1, resulting in about 309
casualties. Failure to exploit the initial success of this attack, however, held up McClellan for two additional weeks,
while he tried to convince his navy to maneuver the Confederates’ big guns at Yorktown and Gloucester Point and
ascend the York River to West Point thus outflanking the Warwick Line.
156, 500 total
West Virginia-Battle of Hoke’s Run-A battle fought in Berkeley County in West Virginia that took place on July 2, 1861.It was
fought between Robert Patterson and Thomas Jackson, and resulted in a victory for the Union.
-Only state to secede from a confederate state in the war
-Civil war began Hatfield-McCoy feud: Involved one West Virginian family led by William Anderson “Devil Anse”
Hatfield, and one Kentucky family, led by Randolph “Ole Ran’I” McCoy. The earliest event of the dispute was on
January 7, 1865, when Asa Harmon McCoy, an Union soldier that early discharged due to a leg injury, was shot and
killed by the Logan Wildcats. The Wildcats were a local militia with many members of the Hatfields, including Devil
Anse. While Devil Anse was proven to have been sleeping, his uncle Jim Vance is the suspected killer. The reason
Asa was killed was because he joined the Union, an action considered traitorous at the time. The Hatfield-Mccoy
feud demonstrated how families turned against each other due to the Civil War. To this day, the Hatfield-McCoy
feud is referred to when family rivalries emerge.
Mid-Atlantic Worksheet
1. Why do you think some of the states experienced more of the war than others?
2. What were some of the weapons used in this war that hadn’t been used before?
3. What were the causes of the New York Draft Riots? Why did these spark the riots?
4. Why were the majority of the battles fought in these areas?
5. What did the Hatfield-Mccoy feud demonstrate?
6. The Battle of Stone Mountain was lost for the Confederates due to a mislaid copy of orders detailing
positions. How do you think the war might have turned out differently had this not be the case?
Station 3 - Virginia
Member #1: Julia Basil: - “Daily Life in Civil War America”
Go to: http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/bystate.htm
1. Go all the way down to the Virginia section
- Click Fort Stedman
What happened in this battle and what was the result?
2. Stay on the Virginia section and then go to Petersburg
Why was this battle called “battle of old men and young boys” by local residents? (might have to look on different
part of the internet)
3. Stay on the Virginia section and then go to Piedmont
Why were more than 1,000 soldiers captured?
4. Stay on the Virginia section and then go to Williamsburg
Why was this battle considered inconclusive?
5. Stay on the Virginia section and then go to Yorktown
Why were there a minimal amount of casualties in this battle and what was the result of this war?
6. Stay on the Virginia section and then go to Manassas
What was another name for this battle? Why did Thomas J. Jackson earn the nom de guerre “Stonewall?”
7. Stay on the Virginia section and then go to Appomattox
This is the final battle of the Civil War, who was the victor and why was this so important?
8. Overall, which battle do you think is most important?
9. Why was that battle the most important?
Member #2: - “The Civil War”
Instructions:
Go to page number 42 in the book The Civil War
Read and answer the questions dealing with the war specifically fought in the East
What general did Lincoln think had the greatest chance of capturing Richmond? (pg. 42)
What were the name of the two ironclads that fought at Hampton Roads on March 9th and what side did they
support? (pg. 43)
Describe in detail what happened in Fredericksburg in December. (pg. 54)
What was the bold idea that Jackson proposed? (pg. 57)
Do you think that Jackson’s idea to divide and conquer was a good or bad idea with their less amount of
soldiers?
How did Jackson die? (pg. 57-59)
What was significant about his death?
Now Click on http://www.history.com/topics/harpers-ferry/videos#john-browns-raid and watch the video for the
following questions
What was John Brown’s role in the slave reformation movement?
What happened at Harpers Ferry and what were the consequences for John Brown?
What did John Brown represent for the North and for the South?
Did John Brown overall accomplish what he intended for?
Member #3: Andy Duong - “Life Among the Soldiers and Cavalry”
Chapter 1: Joining Up (Pgs. 13-15)
What was the basic infantry called? Cavalry?
What made up a regiment? Brigade?
What was the difference in the divisions for the North and South?
How were corps made? Army?
How was the army groups named for the Federals and Confederates?
What army had almost all state volunteers fight for them?
Go To: http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/biographies/robert-e-lee.html
What events made Robert Edward Lee a colonel?
What offer did Robert E. Lee decline from Abraham Lincoln? Why? Instead, what offer DID he accept?
What general did Robert E. Lee replace in 1862 and what did he rename it? What became of this army?
What did Robert E. Lee do in September of 1862? Why? What happened during this event and who had to
withdraw?
Who did Lee have to yield to? When did he surrender to this person?
Member #4: Matt Lisi: Encyclopedia of the American Civil War(Volume 4, R-Z)
-Read Pages 2030-2037
Go to page 2033(bottom paragraph)
Explain the actions of Ulysses S. Grant and describe his role.
Go to page 2037
What was the purpose of VMI?
Go to page 2037
VMI was only the second governmental military academy behind West Point. Do you think military schools like VMI
and West Point serve a beneficial purpose? Why?
Who’s teaching was disliked by student at VMI? Why? With previous knowledge on the person, do you think they
would be a good teacher?
Go to page 2033
Who is Joseph Hooker, what did he do, and what did it lead to?
Go to page 2036
What was the blockading force in Chesapeake Bay, who’s was it, and what did it do?
Member #5: Simon Min:
Go to http://www.civilwartraveler.com/EAST/VA/index.html
How was Virginia involving in Civil War?
-Click on Central Virginia Civil War.
Northern armies weren’t able to take most direct road to Richmond. Why?
-Click on Southside & Lee’s Retreat.
Which area was untouched most time by warring armies during civil war?
What things made changes in 1864?
-In the same section, click on Lee's Retreat to Appomattox
what was significant about Appomattox?
-Click on Northern Virginia
Abraham Lincoln moved to occupy a comfort zone around his capital. Why?
Who was John Singleton Mosby? Why did people fear him?
-After reading
What would have happened if Virginia was on South side? Do you think the Civil War could have resulted different?
What things would have changed if South won the Civil War?
Station 4 – Southern Coastal
Go to http://www.charleston1865.com/1865history.asp and skip to paragraph four under the beginnning of the
war, 1861 read this paragraph. *You may need to read a few sentences from other paragraphs to answer the
following questions.*
1. Why would President Lincoln want to hold on to Fort Monroe, Fort Sumter, Fort Pickens, Fort Jefferson, and Fort
Taylor?
2. What was the reward for Virginia seceding into the Confederacy? Why would the Confederacy reward states for
seceding?
Go to http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/fort-sumter.html?tab=facts, and read about the Battle of Fort Sumter,
then answer the following questions.
1. Why would a Union general stay in a state that had just seceded from the Union (other than because President
Lincoln asked him to)?
2. Seeing as no soldiers were killed, what does that tell you about both the fort itself and the troops firing into it?
3. Why would Anderson and his troops be allowed to evacuate the fort instead of being held captive?
Youtube: Sherman’s March and America (Start: 0:00 - End: 8:06)
Website: http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/battle-of-atlanta-continues
Youtube: Sherman’s March and America
1. Sherman left Atlanta with no supplies for his army. Explain how his army and himself survived through this
march.
2. Sherman’s march was described as “destructive”. What events and actions did they participate in to assure this
description?
3. What is the relationship between Sherman’s March and African American slaves?
4. What is the significance of Milledgeville Georgia?
5. “All of the bad things that happened in the civil war seems to all come down and blame on Sherman”. Do you
agree with this quote? Why or why not?
Website
1. Who attempted to drive Sherman out of Atlanta? Why was he appointed to do this?
2. Give a general description of the battle of Atlanta.
3. Why do you think Hood tried multiple times to attack Sherman in Atlanta?
4. What were the ending results of this war?
5. What was the legacy of General McPherson after the war?
Look at this political cartoon, read the information about it, and answer the questions below.
The movement of several Southern states toward secession in early 1861 is portrayed as a doomed enterprise. The artist shows
Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, all represented by men riding donkeys, following the lead of South Carolina toward a
cliff. South Carolina, who rides a pig, pursues a butterfly "Secession Humbug." A sixth man, Georgia, rides down an inclined path
rather than follow the group, confessing, "We have some doubts about "the end" of that road and think it expedient to deviate a
little." South Carolina, reaching for the butterfly, says, "We go the whole hog.--Old Hickory is dead, and now we'll have it." His
reference to Andrew Jackson ("Old Hickory") is in keeping with the anti-Democratic line of the cartoon. The work is in fact based
on an 1837 satire criticizing Jacksonian fiscal policy and its bullionist pursuit of the "Gold Humbug." (See "Fifty Cents.
ShinPlaster," no. 1837-11.) Florida, immediately behind South Carolina, cries, "Go it Carolina! we are the boys to "wreck" the
Union." Next follows Alabama, who declares, "We go it blind, Cotton is King!'" Mississippi says, "Down with the Union!
Mississippi "repudiates her bonds."" Last is Louisiana, who says, "Go it boys! We'll soon taste the "sweets" of secession," alluding
to the state's domination of the sugar trade.
1. Why did these states want to secede from the Union?
2.
What animal are most states riding, and why is this important?
3.
Out of all the quotes given, which one do you feel is the most important and why?
Go to http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/commentary/320/entry, and answer the question about North
Carolina.
1. Give two or more examples on how North Carolina played an important role in the Civil War.
Go to http://www.gacivilwar.org/timeline, click on timeline tab, and answer the following questions about Georgia.
1. Why do you think Georgia decided to become a pro-secession state?
2.
Give me two or more events that help lead to the surrendering of Georgia to the Federates.
Go to http://sc150civilwar.palmettohistory.org/edu/cw-sc.htm, and answer the following questions about South
Carolina.
1. What was South Carolina a symbol for, and how did it receive that reputation?
2.
What were the two significant centers of political, economic, military, and social activity throughout the
war, and why were these two cities chosen?
Go to http://docsouth.unc.edu/southlit/chesnut/bio.html, and answer the following questions on Mary Chesnut, a
South Carolinian.
1. Why do you think Mary Chesnut was mainly known for her book, Mary Chesnut’s Civil War?
2.
Why was this book important? Give examples.
Station 5 – Deep South
Directions: Every member will follow the instructions of your assigned numbered section. Use the
books and websites given to do so. If there are more members than sections, have the fifth
member help in all sections.
Life on the homefront
Read pages 76-79 of the book, Courageous Women of the Civil War, and answer the following questions.
1. What prevented the South's ability to buy anything, causing them to struggle feeding, clothing, and
arming its soldiers from the beginning of the Civil War?
2. What was the main job of women during the Civil War?
3. What happened in Richmond, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania that killed and injured so many women?
4. Why did the Confederate government have to draft slaves? Did the slaves want to fight?
5. Who is Mary Louveste and what did she do?
Go to the website http://www.ushistory.org/us/34d.asp and answer the following questions.
1. By the end of 1861, what was the overall inflation rate per month of the confederate dollar?
2. Were the southern people content with their economy? Why or why not?
3. Explain the quote, “A rich man’s war and a poor man’s fight.”
4. What caused the 1/3rd unaccountable soldiers of war, and why did it happen?
Life of a soldier
Read Arms and Equipment of the Confederacy Pages. 12-14
1. Why did the officers of the Confederacy find leadership responsibilities less than glorious?
2. Why did Southern soldiers have difficulties respecting leadership?
3. With experience, troops learned to travel lightly with minimum equipment. What habitual luxuries had
they attempted to bring at the beginning of the war?
4. What was the most valuable resource to soldiers, due heavily to the amount of marching they
performed?
5. What “bug” plagued the armies of the Deep South, and caused discomfort for most soldiers?
Go to:
http://www.civilwar.org/education/civil-war-casualties.html
Scroll down to Confederate Military Deaths by State.
1. Of the Deep South States (Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana,) whose casualties were the
highest? Why do you think this is the case?
Go to:
http://www.civilwarsoldier.com/cws_confederate_soldiers.htm
1. Despite the shabby appearance of a southern soldier, and lack of equipment, what was it that led them
to battle?
2. What type of weapons did Confederate soldiers carry into battle. Were the Union’s better?
3. Why did Deep South soldiers fight?
4. Were there more or less deserters in the Deep South armies?
Life of an African American
Read pages 2-5, 8-12 of the book, Black, Blue & Gray to answer the following questions.
1. Why did the south depend so heavily on slaves?
2. Why did the blacks get so involved in fighting in the war?
3. What was it about the southern economy that required so many slaves?
4. In what ways did southern slaves take their futures into their own hands?
5. What did slave owners lose every time a slave escaped to freedom?
Go to http://www2.coloradocollege.edu/dept/HY/Hy243Ruiz/Research/civilwar.html and answer the
following questions.
1. Why did slave masters move their plantations farther inland?
2. What are some examples of what slaves did when they returned home?
3. What was the document issued by President Lincoln that gave all slaves freedom?
4. Why did some of the southern blacks want to fight for the Confederacy?
5. Why did it seem foolish and futile to enlist blacks in the army?
Battles in the Deep South
Read pages 62-63, 74-75 from Fields of Fury
1. What were the advantages for capturing Chattanooga? How would this be helpful?
2. If it was not for bad communication do you think the Confederacy would have won the battle?
3. On page 63 why did the artist keep a big gap in the picture?
4. What advantages did Grant have when he ordered all of his armies to attack?
5. Why did the Union want to capture Atlanta?
Go to http://www.historynet.com/civil-war-battles and answer the folloing questions.
6. Why was the Battle of Wilson’s Creek so important?
7. Why was the Battle of Vicksburg so important?
8. Why was the Battle of Richmond so important?
9. Why was the Battle of Corinth so important?
10. Why was the Battle of Raymond so important?
Station 6 - Midwest
Black population in the west: 298,659
The transcontinental railroad was continually built during the civil war (1863-1869) across the western United
States to connect the Pacific coast at San Francisco Bay with the existing Eastern U.S. rail network at Council Bluffs,
Iowa, on the Missouri River. This railroad established a mechanized transportation network that revolutionized
these settlements and the economy within the American West. The western states came together profitably into
the “Union” creating a way for goods to be transported in a cheaper, more efficient way.
California
Without the supply of gold the war may have had a different outcome contributing to pay for the financial
needs. California led the United States Sanitary Commission, which was the primary organization responsible for
the medical treatment of the many military casualties suffered on the Union side. California was responsible for
pushing Arizona and New Mexico out of their territories during 1862. In all, over 17,000 Californians would join as
soldiers; this is the highest per-capita total for any state in the Union.
Oregon
Californias infantry and cavalry were originally recruited in CA but were then brought to Oregon later established
the 1st calvary and the 1st infantry into the Union to keep the peace.
QUESTIONS
1. What would the outcome of the war for california been like if it didn't have the supply of gold?
2. Where did the infantry and cavalry start?
Texas
Texas was a part of the Confederate States during the Civil War. Texas was the only Southern state to border on a
foreign nation (Mexico). It was the only Confederate state with an active Indian frontier. It was considered a
threshold to a possible Confederate empire in the West. The Texans seceded on February 1, 1861. The population
of the state at this time was 604,215 including 182,000 slaves, which is 30% of the population. 92,145 soldiers
fought for the Confederates from Texas. The Texas Rangers were a part of the 8th Texas Cavalry Regiment. They
were organized by Benjamin F. Terry, a wealthy Houston sugar planter. The Rangers spent the war fighting mainly
in the West.
Questions about Texas
1. Who organized the Texas Rangers?
2. Was Texas a part of the Union or Confederacy?
3. What were the disadvantages and advantages of Texas being the only Southern state to border a foreign nation
(Mexico)?
Missouri & Iowa
Missouri was claimed both by the Union and the Confederacy during the war. Missouri’s civil war began along the
Nation’s Western Border in the conflict known as “Bleeding Kansas.” Missouri was divided between pro-slavery
secessionists and those determined to preserve the Union.
Iowa became the 29th state in the Union in 1846. Iowa sent large supplies of food and supplies to the Union during
the civil war. Missouri witnessed more than 1,000 battles during the civil war.
1.) Why was Missouri divided between pro-slavery secessionists? And how did this affect Missouri’s position in the
Civil War?
2.) Why was Missouri claimed both by the Union and the Confederacy? What problems did this create?
3.) Where did Missouri’s civil war begin?
4.) What was Iowa’s role in the civil war and who did they support?
Ohio
Over 300,000 Ohioans served in the Civil War, the third largest number of soldiers of any Union state. There were
many important figures during the Civil war including Joseph Fissell and Mary Ann Ball. Joseph Fissell from
Circleville, Ohio was the youngest Civil War soldier from Ohio to serve in the Union Army. He was eleven years old
when he enlisted as a musician in the 45th Ohio Volunteer Infantry on August 1, 1862. Mary Ann Ball Bickerdyke
was a well-known Civil War nurse from Ohio. She traveled with the Union armies and established more than 300
field hospitals during the war. Other important figures included Rutherford B. Hayes and William McKinley who
became the future U.S. presidents. Another major figure, named Ulysses S. Grant, was a general who led the Union
Army to its first major victory in February 1862. Moreover, there are many more interesting facts about things and
events that took place in Ohio: the Confederate camps were housed at Camp Chase in Columbus and Johnson’s
Island on Lake Erie and the first recipient of the Medal of Honor was Jacob Parrott, a private in the 21st Ohio
Volunteer Infantry, who was awarded for his role in Andrew’s Raid.
How much different would the Civil War be without important figures such as Joseph and Anne. What impact did
they have on the society? And how did this help the soldiers to fight in the Civil War?
Indiana
Indiana became a major staging center for the training and organization of troops. It was also the first Midwestern
state to mobilize troops for the war. A total of more than 200,00 men served from Indiana. Indiana was raided a
total of three times during the Civil War. in the year 1862, the state fairgrounds were turned into prison camps for
Confederate soldiers. Moreover, the Governor of Indiana, Oliver P. Morton, kept close tabs on every single aspect
of Indiana’s participation in the Civil War. His extensive documentation can be found in the Indiana State Archives;
it included thousands of letters to the Governor and his staff from persons in every walk of life. At the end of the
Civil War, Indiana’s soldier, Private John J. Williams, was the last one to die in the Civil War; he died on May
13,1865 at the age of approximately 22.
How important is to keep tabs on every aspect of the Civil War and how does it add to the preservation of history?
Illinois
More than 250,000 men served in the Union Army; it was one of the few states to exceed its quota. Illinois was an
important supply center for the Western Campaign. National Cemeteries were established in Illinois near Federal
prisons, military hospitals, and training camps. One of the reasons Illinois is an important state is because it was the
home of Abraham Lincoln, who was the President during this time. Although battles were fought in Illinois, the
Civil War defined an era in this place; it shaped the war’s course and felt its effects.
How did the Civil War define an era in Illinois? What does it mean to “define an era”?
Michigan, Wisconsin
Michigan
After a Confederate victory in the Battle of Fort Sumter in April of 1861, Abraham Lincoln asked Michigan to form a
fully-armed regiment of infantry to fight the Southern rebellion and secession. As the war grew in intensity, Lincoln
requested more. By December 1861, Michigan had sent 13 infantry regiments, three cavalry regiments, and five
batteries of light artillery to fight. This consisted of approximately 16,500 people. However, Michigan received a
quota on the number of soldiers they could send to create a Reserve Corps because, as Michigan is on the
Canadian border, they were at high risk of raids by rebels who found refuge in Canada. Also, the Canadian
government was encouraged by the Confederates to raid northern states. As the war came to a close, Michigan’s
Colonel Benjamin Pritchard and the Fourth Cavalry captured Jefferson Davis, the Confederate President.
"The Civil War." Michigan Department of Military & Veterans Affairs. N.p., 2001. Web. 5 Dec 2013.
<https://www.michigan.gov/dmva/1,1607,7-126-2360_3003_3009-16995--,00.html>.
Wisconsin
o More than 90,000 soldiers from Wisconsin fought for the Union.
o Wisconsin soldiers fought in over 500 battles, skirmishes, and other engagements.
o The Iron Brigade saw action in the Second Battle of Bull Run, Gainesville, Antietam, Fredericksburg,
Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Appomattox.
 The Iron Brigade, therefore, suffered the most casualties of any brigade in the Civil War
QUESTIONS:
1.
What were the effects of these states being on/near the Canadian border? How did this affect the number
of troops the states could send to fight?
2.
Read http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/gettysburg/articles/6thwisconsin.aspx by Joel Busenitz about
Wisconsin’s key role in the Battle of Gettysburg. Split up the reading with your group members.
What was the Iron Brigade? What happened to them? What was the 6th volunteer Wisconsin infantry’s
strategy? Were they successful? What were the consequences of their actions (positive and negative)? How would
you have felt under Dawes’ order?
Station 7 – Boarder States
Maryland:
http://quod.lib.umich.edu/j/jala/2629860.0013.104/--abraham-lincoln-and-the-borderstates?rgn=main;view=fulltext
Start reading at “Smaller and less heavily populated…” and end with “...suppression were more frequent.”
1. Why was it so necessary to keep Maryland a border state? Why did Washington, D.C. affect Maryland?
2. How did Lincoln’s first objective affect Maryland specifically?
3. How was Maryland divided up (western Maryland, Southern maryland, etc
4. What occurred on April 19th?
5. How did Lincoln feel about the mob in Maryland?
6. Why did the people of Maryland not welcome Lee with open arms?
7. What party was emerging in Maryland?
8. From looking at Table #2, who did Maryland favor for both 1860 and 1864 elections?
9. How was Kentucky similar to Maryland during the war?
10. What did Lincoln create in 1864 and how did it affect Maryland?
http://www.history.com/topics/maryland/videos#civil-war
Use this link and watch the video and write down 10 facts you learn about the Civil War:
Missouri:
Navigate to this website to answer the Questions
http://mocivilwar.org/history/1861.html
1. Why was Missouri going to go into it’s own Civil War during the ensuing National Civil War?
2. As the state of Missouri was fighting amongst themselves, what happened in Neosho? How will this become a
problem later on?
Now go to http://mocivilwar.org/history/1862.html and http://mocivilwar.org/history/1863.html to answer the
next question
3. What was the main tactic in the Missouri civil war?
Using what you’ve learned from the websites, answer this question in as much detail as possible.
4. If you were either Claiborne, or Price would you continue with all of the bloodshed? Or would you sit down and
try a more diplomatic approach and settle things peacefully because of the already existing American Civil War?
Explain.
http://www.solpass.org/6ss/Standards/standard_us1.9a.htm
http://www.lib.udel.edu/ud/spec/exhibits/lincolndelcivilwar/
http://www.civilwarhome.com/borderstates.htm
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/156367/Delaware/78186/Slavery-the-Civil-War-and-Reconstruction
Delaware:
1. Why did Delaware reject an invitation to join the Confederacy in 1861?
2. Though Delaware was considered part of the Union, why was there so much tension between the Confederacy
and the Union?
3. What happened to Delaware two months before the end of the Civil War?
4. Did Delaware assist in helping slaves to the Underground Railroad or did they just send runaway slaves back to
their owners?
5. Name three Delawarean politicians that opposed the Lincoln administration.
Kentucky:
http://www.kentuckytourism.com/kentucky_civil_war/heritage-sites/default.aspx : visit this site and click on the
different choices you can see on the map
Use this site to answer the questions below http://www.ket.org/civilwar/kyrole.html
Where was Kentucky situated in the Civil War?
What people did Kentucky consist of?
What were the citizens deeply divided over in Kentucky?
What Presidents were Kentucky native sons?
Use this website to answer the questions below http://history.howstuffworks.com/american-history/history-ofkentucky3.htm
1. What did Kentucky decide to stay as in the Civil War?
2. About how many men including blacks joined the Union Army?
3. What happened to Kentucky after the war?
4. What happened to the slaves after?
Answers:
1. eventually chose to remain in the Union
2. About 70,000 men, including nearly 24,000 blacks, joined the Union army
3.The war had also caused lingering bitterness between Kentuckians who had supported opposing sides. Years of
violence followed.
4. Intimidation of former slaves was carried on by the Ku Klux Klan for years after the Civil War.
Go to this website and watch the following video and list 6 facts you found most interesting in the video
http://www.history.com/topics/kentucky/videos#civil-war