Do Now
0Take out multiple choice
practice questions
0Make sure ALL answers are
on a separate piece of paper
0Let’s Review!
Military Strategy: South
0Why did the Confederacy have to adopt a
more defensive strategy?
0Robert E. Lee:
0Leading Southern Commander
0Confident battlefield tactician
0Hoped series of defeats would weaken
the North’s determination  North
would abandon the conflict & recognize
South’s independence
Military Strategy: North
0In what aspects was the Union at a distinct
advantage over the Confederacy?
0April 1861:
015,000- armed forces, mostly stationed
west of the Mississippi
0Officers trained to lead small professional
armies, NOT crowds of untrained men
0Narrow military vision: recapture
Richmond (Confederate capital), attack
sporadically, and withdraw after a battle
Military Strategy: North
0Anaconda Plan:
0GOAL- to
“strangle”
south
economically
0Not effective
until late in
the war
War in the East
0 Most battles took place in a 100 mile corridor
between Washington D.C. and Richmond, VA
0 1st Significant Battle: Bull Run, July 21, 1861
0 Result
1. The battle corrected both sides idea that the
war would be a brief encounter
2. George B. McClellan (Democrat) assumed
command of the Union’s Army of the Potomac
(main northern force in the East)  hoped
compromise might end the war without large
loss of life or weakening of slavery
3. Months of military inactivity followed
War in the East
0 Lee’s success on the defensive led to new goals:
0 Bring border states into Confederacy
0 Sway Britain & France to recognize independence
0 Capture Washington D.C.
0 Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862:
0 4,000 men killed (another 2,000 died later of
injuries) and 18,000 wounded
0 More men died in this battle than any other day in
our nation’s history (Pearl Harbor, D-Day in WWII,
and September 11th)
0 Lee forced to retreat, Union victory (the last for
many months)
Confederate dead lie in the
"Bloody Lane"
President Lincoln and General George
B. McClellan in the general's tent near
the Antietam battlefield,
October 3, 1862
War in the West
0 Ulysses S. Grant orchestrated
early Union success
0 A West Point graduate who
had been working in
Illinois as a clerk
0 February 1862- Union won
first significant victory
0 April 1862- Union navy
captured New Orleans &
sugar plantations to the
south and west
Wrap Up
0 All of the following were part of the initial Union strategy to
win the Civil War EXCEPT:
a. A naval blockade of southern ports
b. Control of the Mississippi River
c. The capture of Richmond
d. Keeping the border states in the Union
e. Emancipation in the seceded states
0 The Confederate government was able to achieve which of the
following goals?
a. Recognition by a foreign power
b. Frequent victories over Union armies
c. A stable monetary system
d. A strong central government
e. Control of the southern river system